Effect of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on lipid and glucose metabolism of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSF) on hemolymph biochemical indicators, muscle metabolites as well as the lipid and glucose metabolism of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Four diets were formulated in which the control diet contained 25% fishmeal (FM) and 10% (BSF10), 20% (BSF20) and 30% (BSF30) of fishmeal protein were replaced with BSF. 480 shrimp (0.88 ± 0.00 g) were distributed to four groups of three replicates and fed for 7 weeks. Results showed that growth performance of shrimp fed BSF30 significantly decreased compared to those fed FM, but there was no significant difference in survival among groups. The whole shrimp crude lipid (CL) content, hemolymph triglyceride and total cholesterol were decreased with the increasing BSF inclusion. The results of metabolomics showed that the metabolite patterns of shrimp fed different diets were altered, with significant changes in metabolites related to lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism as well as TCA cycle. The mRNA expressions of hk, pfk, pk, pepck, ampk, mcd, cpt-1 and scd1 in hepatopancreas were downregulated in shrimp fed BSF30, but mRNA expression of acc1 was upregulated. Unlike BSF30, the mRNA expressions of fas, cpt-1, fbp and 6pgd in hepatopancreas were upregulated in shrimp fed BSF20. This study indicates that BSF20 diet promoted lipid synthesis and lipolysis, while BSF30 diet weakened β-oxidation and glycolysis as well as affected the unsaturated fatty acids synthesis, which may affect the growth performance and body composition of shrimp.

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Evaluation of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal as partial or total replacement of marine fish meal in practical diets for Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.02.022 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 473 ◽

pp. 337-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Vaun C. Cummins ◽

Steven D. Rawles ◽

Kenneth R. Thompson ◽

Alejandro Velasquez ◽

Yuka Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

Total Replacement ◽

Hermetia Illucens Larvae

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Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.706463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yongkang Chen ◽

Shuyan Chi ◽

Shuang Zhang ◽

Xiaohui Dong ◽

Qihui Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

The Pacific ◽

Black Soldier Fly Larvae

The present study evaluated the effects of the dietary black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF) on growth performance, intestinal health, and susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diet was formulated to contain 25% fish meal (FM), and then the FM was replaced with BSF for 10, 20, and 30% of the FM protein in the experimental diets, which are referred to as FM, BSF10, BSF20, and BSF30, respectively. Four hundred and eighty healthy and uniform-sized shrimp (~0.88 g) were distributed among four groups of three replicates, each with 40 shrimp in a 300-L tank and they were fed four times daily for 7 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance did not change significantly in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets, but significantly decreased in those fed with BSF30 diet compared to the ones fed with FM diet. After feeding trial and sampling, a V. parahaemolyticus infection challenge trial was conducted on shrimp. The results showed that the survival rate of shrimp fed with BSF10 was significantly higher than those fed with FM. The results of the midgut histology showed that the width and height of intestinal mucosal folds decreased significantly in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30, and the early signs of apoptosis in the intestinal cells were found in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA levels of non-specific immune-related genes dorsal and relish were downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30 diets. The mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides–related genes alf (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor) were upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 but downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA level pen3 (penaeidins 3) was upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets. The intestinal bacterial communities on operational taxonomic unit levels among groups were not significantly differentiated according to the beta diversity analysis. At the genus levels, a decrease in Vibrio, Photobacterium, and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma, as well as the increase in Bacillus and Pseudoalteromonas abundance, indicated the improvement of intestinal microbiota in shrimp fed with dietary BSF. Therefore, the use of BSF in shrimp diet should be controlled at a dosage of 20% of the FM, which can improve the intestinal microbiota without causing any negative effects.

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Astaxanthin Attenuates Fish Oil-Related Hepatotoxicity and Oxidative Insult in Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md18040218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yingying Yu ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Peng Yin ◽

Weiwen Zhou ◽

Lixia Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Protective Function ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Oxidized Fish Oil

The present study investigated the effect of dietary astaxanthin (AX) on the growth performance, antioxidant parameters, and repair of hepatopancreas damage in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). To evaluate the hepatopancreas protective function of AX in shrimps, we compared the effect of five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets under oxidized fish oil conditions with varying AX levels during the 50-day experimental period. The formulated diets were as follows: (i) OFO (oxidized fish oil); (ii) OFO/AX150 (oxidized fish oil + AX150 mg/kg); (iii) OFO/AX250 (oxidized fish oil + AX250 mg/kg); (iv) OFO/AX450 (oxidized fish oil + AX450 mg/kg); and, (v) control group (fresh fish oil). Results showed that the oxidized fish oil with 275.2 meq/kg peroxide value (POV) resulted in a substantial decrease in the final body weight of L. vannamei (P > 0.05) and induced some visible histopathological alterations in the hepatopancreas. Growth performance was significantly higher in shrimps fed with the OFO/AX450 diet than those fed with the OFO diet (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed when the OFO/AX450 diet was compared to the control diet containing fresh fish oil (p > 0.05). Moreover, shrimps under the OFO/AX450 diet displayed a significant improvement in hepatopancreatic health and showed a reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to those under the OFO diet (p < 0.05). Dietary AX improved the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei by increasing the catalase (CAT) activity in the hemolymph. Acute salinity change test showed a higher shrimp survival rate under OFO/AX450 diet than the OFO diet (p < 0.05), suggesting that AX can contribute to enhanced stress tolerance. In conclusion, our data suggest that AX confers dose-dependent protection against OFO-induced oxidative insults and hepatopancreatic damage in shrimp.

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Effect of a Black Soldier Fly Ingredient on the Growth Performance and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1450

Author(s):

Andrew Richardson ◽

João Dantas-Lima ◽

Maxime Lefranc ◽

Maye Walraven

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Control Diet ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Health Performance ◽

Growth Trial

This study was performed as part of developing a functional feed ingredient for juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Here we assess the effects of dietary inclusion of a Black Soldier Fly Ingredient (BSFI) from defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on growth performance, tolerance to salinity stress, and disease resistance when challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus or a strain of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). A control diet was used for comparison with three test diets including 4.5, 7.5, and 10.5% of BSFI (BSFI4.5, BSFI7.5, and BSFI10.5). After 28 days, all diets with BSFI had improved weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to control. Indeed, SGR was significantly improved from inclusion of 4.5% in the diet, whilst FCR was significantly improved at 7.5% (p < 0.05). During the growth trial, survival was not affected by diet. Shrimp health performance was not significantly affected by the diets across the disease and salinity challenges. Overall, the results indicate that the inclusion of BSFI from H. illucens improves the performance of juvenile L. vannamei.

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