The taxonomic status of the Japanese citrus flower-bud midge, Contarinia okadai (Miyoshi) comb. n., and of the citrus blossom midge, C. citri Barnes (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Harris ◽  
J. Yukawa
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
The Status ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractA gall midge that attacks citrus flower buds in south-western Japan is redescribed under the name Contarinia okadai (Miyoshi) comb. n. and is compared with C. citri Barnes, which was originally described from cultivated citrus in Mauritius. C. okadai, for which a neotype is designated, is distinguished from C. citri by morphological characters of the adult males and females and of the larvae. The known host-plants, biology and distribution of C. okadai are recorded, and new Japanese and English names for the species are proposed. The status of records of C. citri from Sicily, Cyprus, Israel, India, China and Hong Kong is discussed, and the need for further taxonomic research is stressed.

scholarly journals Pseudasphondylia tominagai, a new gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing flower bud galls on Eleutherococcus spinosus (Araliaceae) in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Elsayed ◽  
Junichi Yukawa ◽  
Makoto Tokuda
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
A New Species

The genus Pseudasphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini: Asphondyliina) comprises ten Palearctic, Oriental and Australian species associated with various hosts belonging to at least ten plant families. A new species, Pseudasphondyliatominagai Elsayed & Tokuda n. sp., that induces flower bud galls on Eleutherococcusspinosus (L.f.) S.Y.Hu (Araliaceae) is described. This species is considered to alternate between host plants seasonally. A key to males of known Pseudasphondylia species is provided.

The status of the races of the graceful crag lizard, Pseudocordylus capensis, from South Africa

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. Herselman ◽  
J.H. Van Wyk ◽  
P. le F.N. Mouton
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
The Status ◽  
Formal Taxonomy ◽  
New Distribution

AbstractTo evaluate the taxonomic status of the races of the graceful crag lizard, Pseudocordylus capensis, geographical variation in 44 external morphological characters was determined, using 97 specimens from 31 localities. Two different epiphenotypes predominate in the northern and southwestern parts of the distribution range. These epiphenotypes are, however, connected by a continuum of variation. It is therefore suggested that the recognition of races be abandoned in the formal taxonomy. Several new distribution records for the species are provided.

Description of a new genus and two new species of killifish (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae) from West Africa, with a discussion of the taxonomic status of Aphyosemion maeseni Poll, 1941

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2294 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER SONNENBERG ◽  
ECKHARD BUSCH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Adult Males

The phylogeny of the West African genus Archiaphyosemion was studied with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. The results of the combined dataset presented here did not support a monophyletic group. After the exclusion of the type species of the genus, A. guineense, the remaining species form a well-supported monophyletic group. Based on these molecular results and supported by morphological data, we suggest a new name for this group, Nimbapanchax, new genus. Additionally, based on a recent collection in Guinea, two new Nimbapanchax species were described. The taxon Nimbapanchax leucopterygius, new species, is described for a nothobranchiid fish formerly misidentified as Archiaphyosemion maeseni (Poll, 1941). Nimbapanchax melanopterygius, new species, is described from the Mount Nimba region in southeastern Guinea. Both new Nimbapanchax species are clearly distinguished from their congeners by the coloration pattern of adult males. The results of the DNA data support the assumption based on color pattern and morphological characters that the new described species are sister taxa. The type of Aphyosemion maeseni Poll, 1941 was reexamined and transferred to the genus Epiplatys, a decision based on diagnostic morphological characters.

A Review of the Eriococcid Genera (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2459 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS HODGSON ◽  
DUG MILLER
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
South American ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Instar ◽  
The Status ◽  
Original Illustrations

This paper reviews the present status of all genera of Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) known from South America and provides generic diagnoses based on the adult females of all available species for each genus. Redescriptions and illustrations are provided for the adult females of Aculeococcus morrisoni Lepage, Apiococcus gregarius Hempel, Capulinia sallei Signoret, Carpochloroides viridis Cockerell, Macracanthopyga verganiana Lizer y Trelles, Pseudocapulinia lanosa Hempel and Tectococcus ovatus Hempel, which are all type species of their respective genera. In addition, modified reproductions of original illustrations are provided for the adult females of the following species as representatives or type species of South American genera: Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, Chilechiton lynnae Hodgson & Miller, Chilecoccus browni Miller & González, Coxicoccus foldi Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, Eriobalachowskya valenzualae (Balachowsky), Exallococcus laureliae Miller & González, Hempelicoccus paranaensis (Foldi & Kozár), Icelococcus nothofagi Miller & González, Intecticoccus viridis Kondo, Melzeria horni Green, Orafortis luma Hardy, Oregmopyga neglecta (Cockerell), Poliloculus stipae González, Pseudotectococcus anonae Hempel and Stibococcus cerinus Miller & González. Descriptions and illustrations are also provided of the first-instar nymphs of: Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, Aculeococcus morrisoni, Apiococcus gregarius, A. singularis Hempel (which appears to be sexually dimorphic), Capulinia sallei, Carpochloroides viridis, Chilechiton lynnae, Exallococcus laureliae, Hempelicoccus tucumanensis (González & Granara de Willink), Icelococcus lithrae Miller & González, Melzeria horni, Oregmopyga peruviana Granara de Willink & Diaz, Pseudocapulinia lanosa, Pseudotectococcus anonae and Tectococcus ovatus. In addition, illustrated descriptions of the adult males of Capulinia sallei, Carpochloroides viridis, and Tectococcus ovatus are included. The first-instar nymphs and adult males of the other genera, where they are known, are also diagnosed and discussed. Based on the molecular studies of Cook & Gullan (2004), most species currently included in Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti known from South America are considered to belong to the genus Acanthococcus Signoret, resulting in the following new combinations: A. clapsae (González) n. comb., A. cuneifoliae (González) n. comb., A. divaricatae (González) n. comb., A. pituilensis (González) n. comb. and A. lahillei (Leonardi) n. comb. In additon, Eriococcus pumuliae González, E. santiaguensis González & Granara de Willink and E. tucumanensis González & Granara de Willink are transferred to Hempelicoccus, as H. pumuliae (González) n. comb., H. santiaguensis (González & Granara de Willink) n. comb. and H. tucumanensis n. comb. (González & Granara de Willink). The status of Opisthoscelis prosopidis Kieffer & Jorgensen, the only species from the Neotropics currently included in Opisthoscelis Schrader, is discussed, and it is concluded that this species is unlikely to belong to this genus but is currently unrecognizable. Keys are provided for the identification of the 24 genera now known from South America based on the morphology of: (i) the adult females; (ii) the first-instar nymphs; and (iii) adult males, as far as these are known. In addition, Appendix 1 lists all Eriococcidae known from South America with their current generic placement, along with a brief summary of their host plants.

scholarly journals A multigene and morphological analysis expands the diversity of the seabod shrimp Xiphopenaeus Smith, 1869 (Decapoda: Penaeidae), with descriptions of two new species

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abner Carvalho-Batista ◽  
Mariana Terossi ◽  
Fernando J. Zara ◽  
Fernando L. Mantelatto ◽  
Rogerio C. Costa
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of

Abstract After being stable for nearly a century, the taxonomic history of the genus Xiphopenaeus has been marked by many changes in the last three decades. The taxonomic status of the Atlantic species has a low resolution, and many species are still undefined and grouped as cryptic species. Here we employed an integrative approach to define the species of Xiphopenaeus and the morphological characters needed to differentiate them. We combined the analyses of two molecular markers (COI and 16 S rDNA), scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Based on specimens from 17 localities from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, we detected five divergent genetic groups, three in the Atlantic (A1, A2, A3) and two in the Pacific (P1, P2). Male secondary sexual characters were able to differentiate four out of the five genetic groups. Group A1 corresponds to X. kroyeri, and A2 and A3 correspond to new species. We redescribed the genus and two new species are described and illustrated: Xiphopenaeus dincao nov. sp. (A2) and Xiphopenaeus baueri nov. sp. (A3). Since the holotype of X. riveti was missing and the specimen analysed from group P2 was a female, the status of the species of Xiphopenaeus from the Pacific remains unresolved.

Taxonomic evaluation of two similar bent-toed geckos Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) from East Java, Indonesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4830 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-196
Author(s):  
AWAL RIYANTO ◽  
ACHMAD FARAJALLAH ◽  
AMIR HAMIDY ◽  
YULI SULISTYA FITRIANA ◽  
MISBAHUL MUNIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Land Vertebrates ◽  
Taxonomic Evaluation

The bent-toed geckos of the genus Cyrtodactylus are the most speciose land vertebrates of Southeast Asia (about 300 species so far) and new species continue to be recognized at a rapid rate. Within the last decade three new species were described from Java, Indonesia, C. semiadii, C. petani, and C. klakahensis. The latter two are very similar, except for differences in the precloacal depression in adult males. These two species have relatively close type localities, separated from each other by only about 50 km, and with similar habitat type and elevation. Our study aimed to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. klakahensis and C. petani using both morphological and genetic evidence. These two species are genetically similar, with a genetic divergence of only 1.5 to 1.6%. This divergence is well below the level of typically characterizes sister species of Cyrtodactylus (approximately 4% in the mitochondrial ND2 gene), and is more in line with population variation due to geographic distance. Further examination of specimens, from both type localities, showed no diagnostic morphological characters between the two species. Thus, we conclude that C. klakahensis and C. petani are conspecific, and following article 23 of the ICZN, C. klakahensis is herein considered a junior synonym of C. petani. 

scholarly journals Systematic review of the Australian ‘bush-coconut’ genus Cystococcus (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) uncovers a new species from Queensland

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Semple ◽  
Penny J. Gullan ◽  
Christopher J. Hodgson ◽  
Nate B. Hardy ◽  
Lyn G. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
First Instar ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A New Species ◽  
First Descriptions

Australia houses some unusual biota (insects included), much of which is undescribed. Cystococcus Fuller (Hemiptera : Sternorrhyncha : Coccoidea : Eriococcidae) currently comprises two species, both of which induce galls exclusively on bloodwoods (Myrtaceae: Corymbia Hill & Johnson). These insects display sexual dichronism, whereby females give birth first to sons and then to daughters. Wingless first-instar females cling to their winged adult brothers and are carried out of the maternal gall when the males fly to find mates – a behaviour called intersexual phoresy. Here, we use data from two gene regions, as well as morphology and host-use of the insects, to assess the status of a previously undescribed species. We describe this newly recognised species as Cystococcus campanidorsalis, sp. nov. Semple, Cook & Hodgson, redescribe the two existing species – C. echiniformis Fuller and C. pomiformis (Froggatt), designate a lectotype for C. echiniformis, and provide the first descriptions of adult males, and nymphal males and females for the genus. We have also reinterpreted a key morphological character of the adult females. This paper provides a foundation for further work on the genus, which is widespread across northern Australia and could prove to be useful for studies on biogeography and bloodwood ecosystems. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3A9DC645-0CBC-48B0-8BD3-5ACC0E2130D1

scholarly journals Genetic variation for expression of the sex determination pathway genes in Drosophila melanogaster

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
AARON M. TARONE ◽  
YASEEN M. NASSER ◽  
SERGEY V. NUZHDIN
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Males And Females

Sequence polymorphisms result in phenotypic variation through the pathways of interacting genes and their products. We focused on transcript-level variation in the splicing pathway for sex determination – a model network defining downstream morphological characters that are dimorphic between males and females. Expression of Sex lethal, transformer, transformer2, doublesex, intersex and hermaphrodite was assayed with quantitative RT-PCR in 0- to 1-day-old adult males and females of 36 Drosophila melanogaster inbred lines. Abundant genetic variation in the transcript levels was found for all genes. Sex-specific splices had high concentrations in the appropriate sex. In the other sex, low but detectable concentrations were also observed. Abundances of splices strongly co-varied between sexes among genotypes, with little genetic variation strictly limited to one sex. The level of sexually dimorphic Yolk protein1 expression – an immediate downstream target of the pathway – was modelled as the target phenotype of the upstream sex determination pathway. Substantial genetic variation in this phenotype in males was explained by leaky splicing of female-specific transcripts. If higher transcript levels of the appropriate isoform of sex determination genes are beneficial in a sex, then stronger leakiness of the inappropriate transcript might be deleterious, perhaps contributing to the fitness trade-offs previously observed between the sexes.

scholarly journals On the taxonomic status of Eumicrotremus eggvinii Koefoed, 1956, Eumicrotremus phrynoides Gilbert et Burke, 1912 and Lethotremus muticus Gilbert, 1896 (Cyclopteridae, Cottoidei) in the light of data on the morphological variability of Eumicrotremus pacificus Schmidt, 1904

2019 ◽  
Vol 323 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
O.S. Voskoboinikova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Seismosensory System ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Morphological Differences

A comparison was performed of the morphological variability of the spotted lumpsucker Eumicrotremus pacificus Schmidt, 1904, E. spinosus (Fabricius, 1776), whose synonymy recently included E. eggvinii Koefoed, 1956, and E. gyrinops sensu Stevenson et al., 2017, recently established as the senior synonym for E. phrynoides Gilbert et Burke, 1912 and Lethotremus muticus Gilbert, 1896. Based on a number of morphological differences between E. spinosus and E. eggvinii, corresponding to differences between young and spawning males E. pacificus, it was suggested that individuals E . eggvinii may be nesting males of E. spinosus. It was established that the range of variability of a number of morphological characters of E. gyrinops exceeds that of E. pacificus, which suggests its complex nature. Notable differences in the ratio of the size of the anterior and posterior nostrils, the size of the chin tubes of the seismosensory system and the shape of bone plaques between E. phrynoides and E. gyrinops indicate the validity of E. phrynoides. The absence of an external skeleton in both males and females of L. muticus, unlike other species of the genus Eumicrotremus, allows us to conclude that L. muticus is also a valid species.

scholarly journals The Common Natural Products (S)-α-Terpineol and (E)-2-Hexenol are Important Pheromone Components of Megacyllene antennata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F Mitchell ◽  
Ann M Ray ◽  
Lawrence M Hanks ◽  
Jocelyn G Millar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Aromatic Alcohols ◽  
The Common ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Woody Tissues

Abstract We report here the pheromone of Megacyllene antennata (White) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a species native to southwestern North America whose larvae feed in woody tissues of mesquite (Prosopis species; Fabaceae). Adult males sex-specifically produced a blend of eight common natural products, including the monoterpene alcohol (S)-α-terpineol; the monoterpenes (S)-limonene and terpinolene; the aromatic alcohols (R)-1-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethanol; and (E)-2-hexenol, (E)-2-hexenal, and 1-hexanol. Individual males produced the components in varying amounts, but (S)-α-terpineol and (E)-2-hexenal were always present and together constituted the majority of the blend. A synthetic reconstruction of the complete blend attracted both males and females of M. antennata during field bioassays, as did all subsets of the blend that included (S)-α-terpineol and (E)-2-hexenol. Adults were most strongly attracted to blends of the latter two compounds when in ratios approaching parity. Neither of the compounds were present in the bouquet of volatiles emitted by host plants of the larvae.

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