Distribution, life history and host specificity of Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), two biological control agents for Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Compositae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Adair ◽  
J. K. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life History ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Tussilago Farfara

AbstractThe southern African shrubs Chrysanthemoides monilifera monilifera and C. m. rotundata (Compositae) are serious weeds of native vegetation in Australia and are targets for classical biological control. In host specificity tests using 69 species from 25 families, two leaf-feeding chrysomelid beetles, Chrysolina picturata (Clark) and Chrysolina sp. B, were able to complete development on only Chrysanthemoides monilifera and C. incana. The subspecies Chrysanthemoides m. monilifera was the superior host for both Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B. Feeding and limited development of both species occurred on Calendula officinalis; limited development by Chrysolina picturata larvae occurred on Helianthus annuus, Tussilago farfara and Cymbonotus priessianus. Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B are considered to be Chrysanthemoides-specific and have been approved for release in Australia. Potential release sites for both Chrysolina species were chosen by comparing the climate of the insects' African distribution with climate stations within the range of Chrysanthemoides monilifera in Australia. Chrysolina picturata and Chrysolina sp. B are suited for release within the western distribution of Chrysanthemoides m. monilifera in coastal areas of south eastern South Australia.

Evaluation and host specificity of two seed flies Mesoclanis polana and M. magnipalpis (Diptera: Tephritidae): biological control agents for Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Asteraceae) in Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Adair ◽  
A. Bruzzese
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
South African ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
The South ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Economic Significance

AbstractLarvae of the South African tephritid flies Mesoclanis polana Munro and M. magnipalpis Bezzi feed in the developing seeds of Chrysanthemoides monilifera. Host specificity evaluation using 109 plant species from 25 families indicated that complete development was restricted to their natural host C. monilifera. Minor feeding and limited development was detected on 18 species, but was of no ecological or economic significance. Mesoclanis polana and M. magnipalpis have been released in Australia and M. polana has established and dispersed widely. Mesoclanis magnipalpis has not yet become naturalized. Parasitism of M. polana in Australia by several species of Hymenoptera has been detected, but is not expected to limit the establishment and impact of these flies.

The life-history and host specificity of Comostolopsis germana Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a biological control agent of Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Compositae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Adair ◽  
J. K. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life History ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Geometrid Moth ◽  
Alien Weed

AbstractLarvae of the southern African geometrid moth Comostolopsis germana Prout feed on the shoot apices and axillary buds of Chrysanthemoides monilifera, a serious alien weed of native vegetation in Australia. The insect was found in low abundance throughout the distribution of its hosts, C. incana and C. monilifera, in southern Africa. Larvae were present throughout the year in subtropical Natal, but were absent in winter in the cooler, Mediterranean type climate of Cape Province. In host-specificity tests using 65 plant species from 26 families, Comostolopsis germana completed development only on Chrysanthemoides monilifera monilifera and C. monilifera rotundata. Insignificant, exploratory feeding occurred on Olearia axillaris (Compositae) and pea, Pisum sativum (Leguminosae). In multiple-choice oviposition tests eggs were laid on 41 species, but a strong preference was shown for the foliage and stems of C. monilifera. Larvae grazing the flower buds, pedicels and peduncles of C. monilifera may reduce the reproductive capacity of their host and contribute to its control. Comostolopsis germana has been approved for release as a biological control agent of Chrysanthemoides monilifera in Australia.

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

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