Agricultural Production in the Third World - a Challenge for Natural Pest Control

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Hussey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Third World ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Natural Pest Control

SUMMARYPrevention of the enormous losses of crop production in the Third World, both before and after harvest, would make a substantial contribution to the survival and well-being of countless small fanners. Many attempts to reduce the scale of pest attacks by facilitating the purchase of pesticides and fertilizers have failed in the face of maladministration, mistrust, primitive conditions and ignorance. Yet, despite the difficulties, these fanners have evolved a pattern and practice of production which incorporates many positive attributes which have only recently been appreciated by western scientists. Attention is drawn to some of these methods and also to the benefits and limitations of both classical and manipulated biological control. It is concluded that further improvements depend on the ability of entomologists to adapt some of the concepts widely used in China to utilize scientific techniques within a socio-economic structure where even the plastic bag must be regarded as high technology.

Neanderthal and the fossilization of the Third World

2020 ◽  
pp. 030631272098346
Author(s):  
Ryan Higgitt1
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Third World ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Investment Bankers ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Face ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Third World

Neanderthal is the quintessential scientific Other. In the late nineteenth century gentlemen-scientists, including business magnates, investment bankers and lawmakers with interest in questions of human and human societal development, framed Europe’s Neanderthal and South Asia’s indigenous Negritos as close evolutionary kin. Simultaneously, they explained Neanderthal’s extinction as the consequence of an inherent backwardness in the face of fair-skinned, steadily-progressing newcomers to ancient Europe who behaved in ways associated with capitalism. This racialization and economization of Neanderthal helped bring meaning and actual legal reality to Negritos via the British Raj’s official ‘schedules of backward castes and tribes’. It also helped justify the Raj’s initiation of market-oriented reforms in order to break a developmental equilibrium deemed created when fair-skinned newcomers to ancient South Asia enslaved Negritos in an enduring caste system. Neanderthal was integral to the scientism behind the British construction of caste, and contributed to India’s becoming a principal ‘Third World’ target of Western structural adjustment policies as continuation of South Asia’s ‘evolution assistance’.

OPEC's Political Options: Case for Collective Self-Reliance within the Third World

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Rehman Sobhan
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Technology Markets ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Economic Collaboration ◽  
Oil Embargo ◽  
The Third World

Since the 1973 oil embargo, OPEC's political and economic leverage in global politics has progressively weakened. This decline in OPEC's relative power is due largely to the oil producers' increased dependence on the West for technology, markets, security, and investment opportunities. To counteract this increasing dependency, this paper argues for increased economic collaboration with the Third World, including a complete redirection of OPEC's investments. Collective self-reliance would help diversify and strengthen the oil producers' economies, as well as strengthen and improve the well-being of the Third World as a whole.

The Determinants of Social Well-being, Economic Development, and Development Index in the Third World Countries

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Ragab El-Ghannam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between social well-being and economic development in Third World countries, thus, involving human resources, economic, social, and technological factors. An attempt is made to answer the following question: What factors contribute to the formation of social well-being and economic development? The patterns of development theory are used to help answer this question. Secondary data were collected from various sources. The sample involved 103 countries from the Third World. The study used hierarchical regression and recursive path analysis as statistical methods. Results suggest that more than 66, 64, and 67 percent of the variance in social well-being, economic development, and development index, respectively, is explained by total population, population growth rate, percent of urban population, total exports, health indicators, and energy consumption per capita. This study suggests that there is more support for patterns of development analysis of structural change. Findings in this research demonstrate that social well-being in Third World countries is responsive to changes in the structure of population policy, technique of international trade, investment in social infrastructure, and improvements in energy efficiency.

The Possibility of Nationalist Feminism

Hypatia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjoo Seodu Herr
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third World Women ◽  
The Third World

Most Third World feminists consider nationalism as detrimental to feminism. Against this general trend, I argue that “polycentric” nationalism has potentials for advocating feminist causes in the Third World. “Polycentric” nationalism, whose proper goal is the attainment and maintenance of national self-determination, is still relevant in this neocolonial age of capitalist globalization and may serve feminist purposes of promoting the well-being of the majority of Third World women who suffer disproportionately under this system.

scholarly journals The Effects of Migration and Remittances on Inequality in Rural Pakistan

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1189-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Adams, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Third World ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
International Remittances ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Third World

In the Third World remittances - defmed as money and goods that are transmitted by migrant workers to their households back home - can have a profound impact upon rural income distribution. This is true for both internal remittances, which are often small but widespread among the rural population, as well as for international remittances, which are typically larger and more concentrated. Despite these considerations, there is still no general consensus about the effect of internal or international remittances on rural income distribution in the Third World. On the one hand, Lipton (1980) argues that in India internal remittances worsen rural inequality because they are earned mainly by upper-income villagers. With respect to international remittances, Gilani, Khan and Iqbal (1981) in Pakistan and Adams in Egypt (1991, 1989) produce similar fmdings. On the other hand, some empirical studies suggest a very different outcome. For example, Stark, Taylor and Yitzhaki (1986) fmd that internal and international remittances in Mexico have an egalitarian effect on rural income distribution.1 Two major reasons appear to account for such lack of consensus on the effect of remittances upon rural income distribution: the use of local-level data collection techniques that preclude making unambiguous empirical judgements about the effects of remittances; and the reluctance or inability to use predicted income functions to accurately estimate income before and after remittances.

The Spatial Imaginary of National Practices: Dwelling—Domesticating /Being—Exterminating

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan Hage
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Imaginary ◽  
The Face ◽  
General Practices ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Mass Killings

The prevalence of a culture of ‘tolerance’ towards ethnic minorities in the West in the face of the practices of ‘ethnic cleansing’ in Eastern Europe and of other more general practices of intolerance and extermination in parts of the Third World has led to a popular as well as a sometimes academic conception of ‘Western’ and ‘Eastern’ nationalisms essentialised into two radically different kinds of nationalism. In this paper I offer a critique of such a differentiation based on an examination of various practices of dealing with otherness in the process of nation building, particularly in Lebanon and Australia. I argue that practices of nation building, ranging from the promotion of ethnic cultures to mass ethnic killings, are guided by national imaginaries which, despite their empirical variety, are basically structured in the same way. This means, first, that such differences are better understood as the historical or contextual privileging of specific nationalist problematics grounded in this common national imaginary. Second, it means that within the nationalist imaginary that guides them there is a space in which, in given circumstances, the practitioners of valorisation and tolerance can turn into practitioners of mass killings and vice versa without them turning into a radically different kind of nationalists. Far from being specific to an ‘Eastern’ nationalism, the logic of extermination is inherent to any form of nation building today.

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