Discussion of ‘First finds of problematic Ediacaran fossil Gaojiashania in Siberia and its origin’

2010 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoping Cai ◽  
Hong Hua ◽  
Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev ◽  
José Antonio Gámez Vintaned ◽  
Andrey Yu. Ivantsov
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
North China ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ◽  
Southern Shaanxi

Y. Cai & H. Hua comment: Zhuravlev, Gámez Vintaned & Ivantsov (2009) reported the problematic Ediacaran fossil Gaojiashania annulucosta in Siberia and they considered that this is the first find of Gaojiashania outside China, since Gaojiashania had previously only been reported from the Gaojiashan Member of the middle Dengying Formation in the Ningqiang area, southern Shaanxi Province, South China. However, we believe that the so-called Siberian Gaojiashania was mis-identified, and what was described as Gaojiashania annulucosta by Zhuravlev, Gámez Vintaned & Ivantsov (2009) is more appropriately ascribed to Shaanxilithes ningqiangensis, another problematic Ediacaran fossil that has also been known from the Gaojiashan Member in Shaanxi Province of South China (Chen, Chen & Lao, 1975; Xing et al. 1984), as well as the stratigraphically equivalent Taozichong Formation in Guizhou Province (Hua, Chen & Zhang, 2004) and the Jiucheng Member (Dengying Formation) in Yunnan Province of South China (Zhu & Zhang, 2005), the Zhoujieshan Formation in Qinghai Province (Shen et al. 2007), and the Zhengmuguan Formation in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of North China (Shen et al. 2007).

A survey of Agroeca Westring, 1861 from China (Araneae: Liocranidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
YANNAN MU ◽  
CHI JIN ◽  
FENG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Chongqing City ◽  
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Southern Xinjiang

Spiders of the genus Agroeca Westring, 1861 occurring in China were surveyed. Five species were previously known from the country, and eight species are reported for the first time, of which five are described as new: A. batangensis sp. n. (♂) from Chongqing City, A. lata sp. n. (♂ ♀) from the Yunnan Province, A. mainlingensis sp. n. (♂ ♀) from the Xizang Autonomous Region, A. nigra sp. n. (♂) from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and A. tumida sp. n. (♂) from the Gansu Province. The three described species recorded from China for the first time are A. brunnea (Blackwall, 1833) and A. dentigera Kulczyński, 1913 from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and A. coreana Namkung, 1989 from the Shaanxi Province. Two species previously described from southern Xinjiang, A. flavens O. P.-Cambridge, 1885 and A. debilis O. P.-Cambridge, 1885, probably do not belong to Agroeca. 

ACloudina-like fossil with evidence of asexual reproduction from the lowest Cambrian, South China

2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 1294-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN HAN ◽  
YAOPING CAI ◽  
JAMES D. SCHIFFBAUER ◽  
HONG HUA ◽  
XING WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
South China ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Branching Structures ◽  
Southern Shaanxi ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
Evolutionary Continuity ◽  
Evolutionary Fate

AbstractThe earliest fossil record of animal biomineralization occurs in the latest Ediacaran Period (c. 550 Ma).CloudinaandSinotubulitesare two important tubular taxa among these earliest skeletal fossils. The evolutionary fate ofCloudina-type fossils across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition, however, remains poorly understood. Here we report a multi-layered tubular microfossilFeiyanella manicagen. et sp. nov. from a phosphorite interval of the lowest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation, southern Shaanxi Province, South China. This newly discovered fossil is a conical tube with a ‘funnel-in-funnel’ construction, showing profound morphological similarities toCloudinaandConotubus. On the other hand, the outer few layers, and particularly the outermost layer, ofFeiyanellatubes are regularly to irregularly corrugated, a feature strikingly similar to the variably folded/wrinkled tube walls ofSinotubulites. TheFeiyanellatubes additionally exhibit two orders of dichotomous branching, similar to branching structures reported occasionally inCloudinaand possibly indicative of asexual reproduction. Owing to broad similarities in tube morphology, tube wall construction and features presumably indicative of asexual reproduction,Cloudina, Conotubus, Sinotubulitesand the here describedFeiyanellamay thus constitute a monophyletic group traversing the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary. The tube construction and palaeoecological strategy ofFeiyanellaputatively indicate evolutionary continuity in morphology and palaeoecology of benthic metazoan communities across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition.

scholarly journals Chemo- and biostratigraphy of the Gaojiashan section (northern Yangtze platform, South China): a new Pc-C boundary section

Fossil Record ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gamper ◽  
U. Struck ◽  
F. Ohnemueller ◽  
C. Heubeck ◽  
S. Hohl
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
South China ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Cambrian Explosion ◽  
Local Perturbation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Ediacaran Fauna

Abstract. The widespread, terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation (~ 551–~ 542 Ma) of South China hosts one of the most prominent negative carbonate carbon isotope excursions in Earth's history and thus bears on the correlation of the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary worldwide. The dominantly carbonate strata of the Dengying Formation are largely studied for their unique preservation of its terminal Ediacaran fauna but their geochemical context is poorly known. This study presents the first high-resolution stable isotope record (δ13C, δ18O) of calcareous siliciclastic shallow-water deposits of the Gaojiashan section (Shaanxi Province). The section includes (in ascending order) the Algal Dolomite Member, the Gaojiashan Member and the Beiwan Member of the Dengying Formation. Our data record a major δ13Ccarb negative excursion to −6 ‰ in the uppermost Gaojiashan Member which is comparable in shape and magnitude to the global Precambrian–Cambrian boundary negative δ13C excursion. Our data set is consistent with a "shallow-water anoxia" scenario which is thought to contribute to the "Cambrian explosion". The stratigraphic occurrence of Cloudina and a large negative δ13C excursion suggest that the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary is located near the top of the Gaojiashan Member and, consequently, that overlying carbonates and dolomites of the Beiwan Member are of earliest Cambrian age. Thus the Gaojiashan section may represent a new shallow-water section spanning the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary. Although bio- and chemostratigraphic data support this novel interpretation, we cannot exclude the possibility that the key excursions may represent a local perturbation indicating a restricted-basin environment.

Problematic macrofossils from Ediacaran successions in the North China and Chaidam blocks: implications for their evolutionary roots and biostratigraphic significance

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Shen ◽  
Shuhai Xiao ◽  
Lin Dong ◽  
Zhou Chuanming ◽  
Jianbo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
South China ◽  
North China ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Deep Root ◽  
The North ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Cap Carbonate ◽  
Neoproterozoic Glaciation ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities

Upper Neoproterozoic successions in the North China and nearby Chaidam blocks are poorly documented. North China successions typically consist of a diamictite unit overlain by siltstone, sandstone, or slate. Similar successions occur in Chaidam, although a cap carbonate lies atop the diamictite unit. The diamictites in both blocks have been variously interpreted as Cryogenian, Ediacaran, or Cambrian glacial deposits. In this paper, we describe problematic macrofossils collected from slate of the upper Zhengmuguan Formation in North China and sandstone of the Zhoujieshan Formation in Chaidam; both fossiliferous formations conformably overlie the aforementioned diamictites. Some of these fossils were previously interpreted as animal traces. Our study recognizes four genera and five species—Helanoichnus helanensis Yang in Yang and Zheng, 1985, Palaeopascichnus minimus n. sp., Palaeopascichnus meniscatus n. sp., Horodyskia moniliformis? Yochelson and Fedonkin, 2000, and Shaanxilithes cf. ningqiangensis Xing et al., 1984. None of these taxa can be interpreted as animal traces. Instead, they are problematic body fossils of unresolved phylogenetic affinities. The fundamental bodyplan similarity between Horodyskia and Palaeopascichnus, both with serially repeated elements, indicates a possible phylogenetic relationship. Thus, at least some Ediacaran organisms may have a deep root because Horodyskia also occurs in Mesoproterozoic successions.Among the four genera reported here, Palaeopascichnus Palij, 1976 and Shaanxilithes Xing et al., 1984 have been known elsewhere in upper Ediacaran successions, including the Dengying Formation (551-542 Ma) in South China. If these two genera have biostratigraphic significance, the fossiliferous units in North China and Chaidam may be upper Ediacaran as well. Thus, the underlying diamictites in North China and Chaidam cannot be of Cambrian age, although their correlation with Ediacaran and Cryogenian glaciations remains unclear. As no other Neoproterozoic diamictite intervals are known in North China and Chaidam, perhaps only one Neoproterozoic glaciation is recorded in that area.

Szecladia new genus, a late Permian conifer with multiveined leaves from South China

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Qi Yao ◽  
Lu-Jun Liu ◽  
Gar W. Rothwell ◽  
Gene Mapes
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Single Bundle ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Dense Wood

A conifer from the uppermost Permian with small, helically arranged leaves is described from the Guangxi Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province of South China as Szecladia multinervia, new genus and species. The material includes both impression specimens and the first anatomically preserved Paleozoic conifer fossils from China. Shoots are irregularly branched, with small, helically arranged, multiveined leaves. Stems display an endarch eustele with abundant, dense wood. Leaf traces diverge from the stele as a single bundle that divides several times in the cortex and at the base of the leaves, forming about seven or eight parallel veins in each leaf. Szecladia is the earliest known conifer with multiveined leaves and it represents a distinctive coniferous element of the uppermost Permian Cathaysian flora in South China. Szecladia further demonstrates that conifers with wood and leaf venation suggestive of the Podocarpaceae may have evolved by the end of the Paleozoic.

scholarly journals SIMS U–Pb zircon geochronological constraints on upper Ediacaran stratigraphic correlations, South China

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 1202-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUAN YANG ◽  
XIAN-HUA LI ◽  
MAOYAN ZHU ◽  
DANIEL J. CONDON
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
South China ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
White Sea ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Geological Evolution ◽  
Geochronological Constraints ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

AbstractFossiliferous Ediacaran successions of South China, the Doushantuo and Dengying formations and their equivalents, are key to understanding bio- and geological evolution at the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian transition. However, their absolute ages, especially the upper Ediacaran successions, are poorly constrained. SIMS zircon U–Pb dating results in this study suggest that ash beds at the basal and middle parts of the Jiucheng Member (middle Dengying Formation) in eastern Yunnan Province were deposited at 553.6 ± 2.7/(3.8) Ma and 546.3 ± 2.7/(3.8) Ma, respectively. These new dates indicate that the age for the base of Dengying Formation in eastern Yunnan Province is similar to the 550.55 ± 0.75 Ma date, which is from an ash bed at the top of the Miaohe Member and has been regarded as the age for the base of Dengying Formation in Yangtze Gorges area. These dates do not permit a clear test of the two correlation models for the chronostratigraphic position of the Miaohe Member (uppermost Doushantuo Formation vs. middle Dengying Formation), implying that further integrated intra-basinal stratigraphic correlations and more high-resolution chronological data from the upper Ediacaran deposits of South China are required. New dates of the Jiucheng Member constrain the age of the fossil biotas in the middle Dengying Formation and extend the stratigraphic range ofRangea,HiemaloraandCharniodiscusto 546.3 ± 2.7/(3.8) Ma. The geochronology of the Dengying Formation implies that Ediacaran-type fossils preserved in this formation are younger than the White Sea Assemblage and temporally overlapping with the Nama Assemblage.

scholarly journals Sedimentology and chemostratigraphy of the terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation at the Gaojiashan section, South China

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 1924-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Cui ◽  
Shuhai Xiao ◽  
Yaoping Cai ◽  
Sara Peek ◽  
Rebecca E. Plummer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Seawater Chemistry ◽  
Evolutionary Innovation ◽  
Aragonite Crystal ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Peritidal Facies ◽  
Bilaterian Animal ◽  
High Alkalinity

AbstractThe terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation (c. 551.1–538.8 Ma) in South China is one of two successions where Ediacara-type macrofossils are preserved in carbonate facies along with skeletal fossils and bilaterian animal traces. Given the remarkable thickness of carbonate-bearing strata deposited in less than 12.3 million years, the Dengying Formation holds the potential for construction of a relatively continuous chemostratigraphic profile for the terminal Ediacaran Period. In this study, a detailed sedimentological and chemostratigraphic (δ13Ccarb, δ18Ocarb, δ13Corg, δ34Spyrite, and 87Sr/86Sr) investigation was conducted on the Dengying Formation at the Gaojiashan section, Ningqiang County of southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Sedimentological results reveal an overall shallow-marine depositional environment. Carbonate breccia, void-filling botryoidal precipitates and aragonite crystal fans are common in the Algal Dolomite Member of the Dengying Formation, suggesting that peritidal facies were repeatedly karstified. The timing of karstification was likely early, probably soon after the deposition of the dolomite sediments. The presence of authigenic aragonite cements suggests high alkalinity in the terminal Ediacaran ocean. Geochemical analysis of micro-drilled samples shows that distinct compositions are registered in different carbonate phases, which should be considered when constructing chemostratigraphic profiles representative of true temporal variations in seawater chemistry. Integrated chemostratigraphic data suggest enhanced burial of organic carbon and pyrite, and the occurrence of extensive marine anoxia (at least in the Gaojiashan Member). Rapid basinal subsidence and carbonate accumulation during a time of elevated seawater alkalinity and increased rates of pyrite burial may have facilitated the evolutionary innovation of early biomineralizing metazoans.

scholarly journals Three new species of Aleurodiscus s.l. (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from southern China

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Tian ◽  
Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad ◽  
Shuang-Hui He ◽  
Yu-Cheng Dai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Three New Species

Three new species of Aleurodiscus s.l. with corticioid basidiomata are described and illustrated from southern China based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and nrLSU sequence data. Aleurodiscusbambusinus was collected from Jiangxi Province on bamboo and is distinct by having a compact texture, simple-septate generative hyphae, abundant acanthophyses, basidia with acanthophysoid appendages and smooth basidiospores. Aleurodiscusisabellinus was collected from Yunnan Province on both angiosperm wood and bamboo and is distinct by having soft basidiomata with yellow to yellowish-brown hymenophore, yellow acanthophyses, simple-septate generative hyphae and smooth basidiospores. Aleurodiscussubroseus was collected from Guangxi Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province on angiosperm wood and is distinct by having pinkish basidiomata when fresh, clamped generative hyphae, clavate acanthophyses and echinulate basidiospores. In the phylogenetic tree, A.bambusinus and A.isabellinus were nested within the A.cerussatus group, whilst A.subroseus was clustered with A.wakefieldiae. An identification key to 26 species of Aleurodiscus s.l. in China is provided.

Cambrothyra ampulliformis, an unusual coeloscleritophoran from the Lower Cambrian of Shaanxi Province, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1040-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Moore ◽  
Susannah M. Porter ◽  
Michael Steiner ◽  
Guoxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
Dengying Formation ◽  
Southern Shaanxi ◽  
Image Pairs ◽  
Multiple Species

Cambrothyra ampulliformis Qian and Zhang, 1983, is a jar- or vase-shaped fossil known from the Lower Cambrian of Shaanxi and Hubei provinces, China. It has been interpreted as a protistan test or cyst or a metazoan sclerite. A large collection of specimens from the Xihaoping Member of the Dengying Formation in southern Shaanxi Province permits its detailed redescription. These fossils are highly variable in shape but this variation is continuous and does not support the current recognition of multiple species for this material. They were originally hollow with a restricted basal foramen and a calcareous wall probably composed of fibrous aragonite. All of these features support the identification of Cambrothyra as sclerites of a coeloscleritophoran, a problematic group of Cambrian scleritome-bearing metazoans. Furthermore, the walls of Cambrothyra sclerites contain numerous pores, a feature shared with other coeloscleritophorans. Cambrothyra resembles chancelloriids in particular due to the shared presence of a verruculose texture around the foramen and the absence of mirror-image pairs of asymmetric sclerites. However, unlike chancelloriids, which have rosette-like compound sclerites, the scleritome of Cambrothyra was dominated by isolated sclerites, with only a few pairs and clusters of sclerites and twin sclerites. Consequently, we hypothesize that Cambrothyra forms a clade with other chancelloriids, but represents a basal lineage that plesiomorphically retained isolated sclerites. The morphology of Cambrothyra sclerites, which shares features with both chancelloriids and halkieriids, thus supports the hypothesis that all coeloscleritophorans form a natural group.

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