Some Aspects of Our Puritan Inheritance

1930 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-211
Author(s):  
Edward C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Present Moment ◽  
Massachusetts Bay ◽  
The World ◽  
Massachusetts Bay Colony ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mind

An Impressive thing is happening in these days. We are observing the Tercentenary of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The common verdict has been for a long time rather against the Puritans. Their civil administration is declared to have been at times tyrannical, their ecclesiastical order prejudiced, even bigoted. Individuals among them appear to us fanatical. Such accusations have become almost traditional. At the present moment however the mind of our country and in some measure of the world has turned again to the contemplation of the Puritan history. We recall their deeds and suffering. It is realized how one-sided is the judgment alluded to. There is a disposition to recognize how great was their service to our country and to modern men. This is the mind of some who by no means share the solemn earnestness, the rigidity, the zealotry of the typical Puritan character. Perhaps no generation of our countrymen has ever been further removed than is our own from Puritan standards. Yet there is this widespread feeling that justice is not always done them. We may owe to them something of the larger liberty and more comfortable existence which, coming generations after them, we now enjoy and which apparently we might not have enjoyed had we lived among them.

New England

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
William E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Massachusetts Bay ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
New Haven ◽  
The World ◽  
Massachusetts Bay Colony ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

This chapter focuses mainly on developments in the law of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was founded as a Puritan utopia to display to rest of the world how a society should be governed. Although Massachusetts incorporated elements of the common law into its legal system, the dominant source of law was the word of God. But the divine word, which was enforced by the magistrates of the Court of Assistants, sometimes met resistance from local juries. A major issue throughout the 1630s and 1640s was whether the magistrates or local people would have final authority to determine the substance of the law; the issue was resolved in 1649 by providing for appeals in all cases of judge-jury disagreement to the General Court sitting as a unicameral body in which representatives of localities outnumbered the magistrates and thus had final authority. The chapter ends with a brief look at legal developments in Connecticut, New Haven, Plymouth, and Rhode Island.

scholarly journals The foundational problem of logic

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gila Sher
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Philosophical Foundation ◽  
Formal Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Normativity Of Logic ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Foundational Problem ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe construction of a systematic philosophical foundation for logic is a notoriously difficult problem. In Part One I suggest that the problem is in large part methodological, having to do with the common philosophical conception of “providing a foundation”. I offer an alternative to the common methodology which combines a strong foundational requirement (veridical justification) with the use of non-traditional, holistic tools to achieve this result. In Part Two I delineate an outline of a foundation for logic, employing the new methodology. The outline is based on an investigation of why logic requires a veridical justification, i.e., a justification which involves the world and not just the mind, and what features or aspect of the world logic is grounded in. Logic, the investigation suggests, is grounded in the formal aspect of reality, and the outline proposes an account of this aspect, the way it both constrains and enables logic (gives rise to logical truths and consequences), logic's role in our overall system of knowledge, the relation between logic and mathematics, the normativity of logic, the characteristic traits of logic, and error and revision in logic.

Neuroexistentialism

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Second Wave

Existentialism is a concern about the foundation of meaning, morals, and purpose. Existentialisms arise when some foundation for these elements of being is under assault. In the past, first-wave existentialism concerned the increasingly apparent inability of religion and religious tradition to provide such a foundation, as typified in the writings of Kierkegaard, Dostoevsky, and Nietzsche. Second-wave existentialism, personified philosophically by Sartre, Camus, and de Beauvoir, developed in response to the inability of an overly optimistic Enlightenment vision of reason and the common good to provide such a foundation. There is a third-wave existentialism, a new existentialism, developing in response to advances in the neurosciences that threaten the last vestiges of an immaterial soul or self. With the increasing explanatory and therapeutic power of neuroscience, the mind no longer stands apart from the world to serve as a foundation of meaning. This produces foundational anxiety. This collection of new essays explores the anxiety caused by this third-wave existentialism and some responses to it. It brings together some of the world’s leading philosophers, neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, and legal scholars to tackle our neuroexistentialist predicament and explore what the mind sciences can tell us about morality, love, emotion, autonomy, consciousness, selfhood, free will, moral responsibility, law, the nature of criminal punishment, meaning in life, and purpose.

Specialist counselling in the social work with a person and a family after a traumatic experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Anna Weissbrot-Koziarska
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Need Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Constant State ◽  
The Mind

Times we live in make us question what is going to happen with the world after the pandemic. The struggle against COVID-19 and changes produced will have impact on the mind of many people. Some lose their relatives, who they cannot bury. Others live in a constant state of fear about their health and future living. The world will never be the same. People will never be as they were before this traumatic event. The invisible enemy – coronavirus – will leave a lasting mark on their memory. Many will need support which can be provided by specialist counselling. Many will struggle with a trauma, which will make the return to “normality” impossible for a long time. A traumatic experience is a psychological trauma suffered by a person and caused by a strong, sudden stimulus. This stimulus is intensive enough to cause changes in the areas of soma, psyche and polis, and it also directly threatens health or life of a person. People after a traumatic experience require a complex assistance to return to their normal functioning. Currently, this stimulus is a deadly virus. The article presents the role of the specialist counselling in the area of social work with a person and their family after a traumatic experience.

scholarly journals Teologia e ciência

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (281) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
João Batista Libanio
Keyword(s):  
Personal Life ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The World ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Similar Claim

O diálogo entre teologia e ciência se dá no nível da episteme própria de cada uma delas e no da vida pessoal do cientista e do teólogo. O embate de teologia e ciência acontece de longa data, mas compreendido de maneiras diferentes. Santo Tomás põe com clareza o problema da relação entre fé e razão e, concomitantemente, entre teologia e ciência. A modernidade trouxe virada importante em tal relação. Passou-se de uma teologia que pensava tudo saber, para uma ciência com a pretensão de dominar todo o real. Mais: avançou-se para o mundo da prática com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia com idêntica reivindicação de tudo poder fazer. Em face da ciência que tudo sabe e da tecnologia que tudo pode a teologia tem palavra a dizer a partir de sua fonte: a revelação. O diálogo torna-se mais viável no momento atual diante de uma ciência e de uma tecnologia que começam a perceber os próprios limites. E todas elas – teologia, ciência e tecnologia – conscientes de suas insuficiências, mas também de suas possibilidades, têm amplo campo de mútuo questionamento e enriquecimento.Abstract: The dialogue between theology and science happens at the level of the appropriate episteme of each one of them and in the personal life of the scientist and of the theologian. The battle between theology and science has been happening for a long time but has different interpretations. Saint Thomas explains clearly the problem of the relationship between faith and reason and concomitantly between theology and science. Modernity brought an important turn about in that relationship. We went from a theology that thought it knew everything to a science that had the pretention to control reality. And more: we advanced towards the world of practice with the development of technology that had a similar claim of being able to do everything. In the face of the science that knows all and of the technology that can do all, theology has a word to say from its source: the revelation. The dialogue becomes more viable at the present moment with a science and a technology that begin to perceive their own limits. And all of them – theology, science and technology – are aware of their insufficiencies but also aware of their possibilities and have a broad area for mutual questioning and improvement.

scholarly journals The Short Story of A. P. Platonov «The Impossible»: Genre-Narrative Structure, Function of Duality as a Way of Modeling of the Author’s Personality

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
A. B. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Mind

In this article the short story of A. P. Platonov “The Impossible” (1921) is considered as a multidimensional wholeness, with a complex structure – at the level of genre and of narration. We highlight biography, scientific article, elements of a philosophical essay, lyric and philosophical poem in the genre structure. In addition to a neutral background, we highlight the lyrical monologue, scientific and publicistic discourse at the narrative level. The genre and stylistic heterogeneity of this short story did not allow researchers to unambiguously determine its genre dominant for a long time. It was not by chance that at first in earlier studies “The Impossible” was classified as a publicistic genre. Only in the first volume of the Scientific publication of Collected works this story is included in the corpus of Early Short Stories of Platonov. In a certain perspective, this work can indeed be read as a publicistic article containing the author’s reflection on philosophical, scientific concepts in the specific manner of Platonov, with overstepping beyond the boundaries of one genre. The focus on the addressee, declared at the beginning of “The Impossible”, activates its communicative function. The inclusion of his own technical developments by Platonov in this story introduces an element of scientific autobiography. At the same time, “The Impossible” is the life story of the “new saint”: the embodiment of the image of the “new human”, whose life, if it did not end so suddenly, could open the way to the Mystery of the World – the main metaphysical problem that occupied the mind of the young Platonov. At the same time it is the lyrical narration about the “sobbing” beauty of the world and the incredible, “impossible” love of the hero – the narrator’s alter ego to his beloved Maria. Using the technique of duality, the author is able to express his most intimate experiences through the image of the “other”, to expose his own soul to the reader. The unifying layer that maintains the integrity of this story is the motive structure with such basic components as the motives of the Mystery, the transfiguration of the world in the version of rebellion into the universe, light, impossible, silence, music, love, death and immortality, etc.

scholarly journals COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun çocuklardaki yansımaları

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tuba Merter
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Spread Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Day By Day

The virus, which emerged from Wuhan, China in the last months of 2019, and named by the World Health Organization as COVID-19, caused a pandemic all over the world. According to the studies and experiences, it has been seen that COVID-19 can infect people of all age groups and affect human health for a long time. Since the months of the outbreak of the pan- demic, the majority of studies conducted worldwide have been in symptomatic adults; However, considering the spread rate of COVID-19 all over the world, it is expected that the number of pediatric cases will increase day by day. Therefore, it is of great importance to establish diagnostic criteria for pediatric patients. In this review article, the common results of the studies conducted on pediatric patients in line with the studies worldwide are mentioned.

scholarly journals Review Article on Myths about COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-526
Author(s):  
Bharat Jotwani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mind

A substitute disease was recently discovered in Wuhan, China at the beginning of 2019. It is recognized that this disease was caused by a new kind of substitute coronavirus and almost affects the whole world. The 2019-nCov or Wuhan-coronavirus was identified by Chinese investigators. But the World Health Organisation has called it as COVID-19 virus when communicating with the COVID-19 media worldwide as well as in India to prevent doubts and misunderstandings. It has disturbed and made people unstable. In Indian society there are numerous misunderstandings and rumours of coronavirus that cause trepidation in the mind of people. The myths and facts about coronavirus must be discerned so that we can alleviate the panic between people so that adequate precautions can be taken for our safety. This article thus aims to make the common people aware of the myths and the facts. We must understand and keep knowledge of myths through social media so that we can protect you with such harsh evils. At individual levels, people must avoid COVID 19. Appropriate action will be beneficial to the whole world in discreet communities and countries.

Hamilton, William (1788–1856)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.O. Mounce
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy ◽  
The Mind

Sir William Hamilton was a leading exponent of the Scottish philosophy of ‘common sense’. This philosophy had its origin in the works of Thomas Reid, but it was through Hamilton that it achieved its most subtle form and exerted its greatest influence. ‘Common-sense’ philosophy, on a superficial view, may seem to hold that philosophical problems should be settled by appealing to the commonly accepted opinions of ordinary people. But that is not what it holds. The ‘common sense’ to which it refers are certain powers and beliefs natural to the mind and therefore common alike to the learned and vulgar. Hamilton holds that these powers and beliefs can neither be doubted nor justified. They carry their own authority. This view derives its significance from a point which has often been overlooked. When we doubt or justify a belief, we stand outside that belief and compare it with the world. But the power to compare a belief with the world itself presupposes beliefs about the world. We cannot step outside all our beliefs. That is why, according to Hamilton, certain powers and beliefs must carry authority.

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