Technological dependence in the Andean group

1978 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn K. Mytelka
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Andean Group ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
Monopoly Rents

In the metalworking and chemical industries of Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia, the ownership structure of firms, their product sector, and propensity to obtain technology through licensing are closely associated. Foreign firms cluster in industrial sectors with complex and volatile technologies, in which their technological advantages permit the exaction of monopoly rents. Ownership structure and product sector, as well as firm size, are related to the firm's decision to obtain technology by licensing rather than by generating it autonomously or obtaining it through other means. Ownership structure, product sector, and licensing appear to interact with choice of machinery imports and research and development activities in such a way as to produce a “technological dependence syndrome” in which opportunities for “learning by doing” are consistently missed.

scholarly journals How to Avoid Innovation Competence Loss in R&D Outsourcing

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus C. Becker ◽  
Francesco Zirpoli
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Complex Products ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Innovation Competence

Companies developing complex products face a crucial dilemma: the benefits of research and development (R&D) outsourcing such as lower costs, access to specialist knowledge, or shorter development lead times often have negative consequences for competence development due to the loss of opportunities for learning by doing. Having experienced the problems of outsourcing R&D, Fiat developed a novel organizational solution that offers new insights as to how firms can organize R&D to protect against innovation competence loss in R&D outsourcing.

scholarly journals Firm Size, Board Size, And Ownership Structure And Risk Management Disclosure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Pangestuti ◽  
Erika Takidah ◽  
Ratna Anggraini ZR
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research aims to examine the influence of firm size, board size, and ownership structure on risk management disclosure on syariah banking in Indonesia 2011-2014. This research uses secondary data which is the annual report of syariah banking. The sample was selected by purposive sampling which are 10 syariah banking qualified in this research. This research conducts multiple linear regression analysis method to examine the hypothesis in the level of significance 5%. The result of this research showed that firm size, board size and public ownership have influence on risk management disclosure. Meanwhile, the institutional ownership didn’t have a significant impact on risk management disclosure

scholarly journals Ownership structure and corporate governance: What does the data reveal about Saudi listed firms?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan ◽  
Everton Dockery
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
Market Instability ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Size Variable

In this paper we examine the ownership structure of 169 firms listed on the Saudi Arabian stock market from 2008 to 2014. The analysis uses the testing methodology described by Demsetz and Lehn (1985) to examine the effects of firm and market instability on Saudi ownership structure and additionally, the effect of systematic regulation that imposes constraints on the behaviour of the selected listed firms. We find evidence, for the majority of the ownership structures considered, in favour of the view that firm size, regulation and instability affects ownership structure. The results suggest that the size variable has a positive effect on ownership concentration. Our analysis also shows that instability had some effect on ownership concentration and structure when using the non-linear specification, particularly when using firm specific instability, albeit the effect was stronger when the instability measure was accounting profit returns. Lastly, there is evidence that government-owned firms were mostly affected by regulation while diffused owned firms were affected most by instability than non-government owned firms.

Determinants of corporate social and environmental voluntary disclosure in Saudi listed firms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi A. Boshnak
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ifrs Implementation

Purpose This paper aims to examine firm characteristics and ownership structure determinants of corporate social and environmental voluntary disclosure (CSEVD) practices in Saudi Arabia to address the paucity of research in this field for Saudi listed firms. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses manual content and regression analyses for online annual report data for Saudi non-financial listed firms over the period 2016–2018 using CSEVD items drawing on global reporting initiative-G4 guidelines. Findings Models show that Saudi firm CSEVD has increased over time compared to previous studies to an average of 68% disclosure due to new corporate governance regulations and IFRS implementation. The models show that firm size, leverage, manufacturing industry type and government ownership are positive determinants of CSEVD, while family ownership is the negative driver of CSEVD. However, firm profitability, audit firm size, firm age and institutional ownership have no impact on the level of CSEVD. Originality/value Using legitimacy and stakeholder theories, the paper determines the influence of firm characteristics and ownership structure on CSEVD, identifying implications for firm stakeholders and providing some evidence on the impact of corporate governance regulation and IFRS implementation on such disclosure. The paper provides additional evidence on progress towards Saudi’s Vision 2030.

The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 810-826
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Erceg ◽  
Zafer Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
The Way

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are present in our lives, and although they are mostly connected to military purposes, they are becoming more present in the commercial and civilian sector. Possible applications of UAVs in the commercial and civilian sector will open new possibilities for further research and development of UAVs. This movement can bring new investment and new jobs, but at the same time, it will influence the way some activities are being done now. The use of UAVs brings savings in the production cycles and improve current operations in various industrial sectors. The chapter gives a definition and explains different types and potential applications of unmanned aerial vehicles in the word as well as the potential economic impact of their development and use. In the second part, the chapter analyzes the application of drones in Turkey and Croatia. Although different in terms of their size and the number of inhabitants, both countries are at the same level in relation to UAV application. Applications in both countries are compared, and after that, a conclusion is drawn.

Disclosure and corporate governance in developing countries: evidence from Ghana

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Tsamenyi ◽  
Elsie Enninful‐Adu ◽  
Joseph Onumah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Structure Dispersion

PurposeFollowing previous studies the paper seeks to use disclosure scores to examine corporate governance practices of Ghanaian listed firms. The study is motivated by the dearth of literature on corporate governance practices in the developing world despite the increasing interests in the topic in both the developed and the developing world.Design/methodology/approachThe data for the analysis are gathered from 22 listed companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE representing 95 percent of the Ghanaian market capitalization). The paper also examines the extent to which factors such as ownership structure, dispersion of shareholding, firm size, and leverage influence disclosure practices.FindingsConsistent with findings reported in studies from other developing countries the study finds that the level of disclosure in Ghana is low. Furthermore, ownership structure, dispersion of shareholding, and firm size (measured as total assets and market capitalization) all have significant effect on disclosure. However, the correlation between disclosure and leverage is insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the research will help policy makers and practitioners in formulating corporate governance policies. However, this research is limited because it focuses on only companies listed on the GSE. The results may therefore not be representative of all companies operating in Ghana.Originality/valueThe study is important because of the recent surge in international capital into the developing world (including Ghana) as a result of the ongoing World Bank and IMF led economic reforms. These reforms have emphasized transparency and accountability. There is therefore the need to understand corporate governance practices in these environments.

scholarly journals The Impact of Protectionism on the Completion and Duration of Cross-Border Acquisitions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rehanna Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Impact

<p>This study investigates the impact of protectionism in a host country on the completion likelihood of an announced cross-border acquisition and the time required to complete the acquisition. Adopting a legitimacy perspective, I identify and test boundary conditions at the firm and national levels to study the relationship between protectionism and cross-border acquisition completion and duration. I hypothesise that in host countries with a high level of protectionism, as reflected by the level of non-tariff barriers, cross-border acquisitions are less likely to be completed and the time taken to close the acquisition deal increases. I also propose that the relationships between protectionism and acquisition outcomes are moderated by critical target firm characteristics and the host country's economic condition. Specifically, these moderators include target firm size, target firm performance, the degree to which the target industry is sensitive to national security concerns, and the host country's GDP growth. I test these hypotheses using a sample of 675 cross-border acquisition attempts by firms in the manufacturing and services industries (excluding financial services) into the U.S. and Canada between 1995 and 2015. The results of the statistical analysis support the prediction that the higher the degree of protectionism, the lower likelihood of acquisition completion and the longer the duration is between acquisition announcement and completion. Findings also support the predicted moderating effects of the target firm size, performance and national security concern. However, the hypothesised moderating effect of the host country's GDP growth was not supported by the results. This finding suggests that host country protectionism impacts cross-border acquisition attempts, irrespective of the host country's economic development. These findings have significant implications for legitimacy-based explanations of cross-border acquisitions. In particular, the results of this study indicate that when protectionism is high, the host country is more likely to raise concerns around the legitimacy of foreign firms. In turn, these firms face adverse host country scrutiny which can result in a failed acquisition attempt, or an extended and therefore, costlier acquisition deal. The framework and findings of this study contribute to an institution-based view and, in particular, to a legitimacy-based perspective in the research on the internationalisation of firms.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Ownership Structure, Profitability, Firm Size and Tangibility on Capital Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-505
Author(s):  
Tika Iswarini ◽  
Anindya Ardiansari
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Company Value ◽  
Optimal Value

The important decision faced by financial management which relates to the continuity of company operations is funding decision which is capital structure. Capital structure achieves optimal value if the composition of debt and capital are able to increase company value. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of ownership structure, profitability, firm size, and tangibility against capital structure (research on manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2012-2016). The population in this research were all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2012-2016. This research used purposive sampling method with certain criteria to determine the sample. The sample used was 38 companies with the research period 2012-2016 at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Multiple regression analysis using Eviews 8 was used to analyze the data. The result of multiple linear regression test showed that there were three independent variables that affect capital structure they were managerial ownership, firm size and tangibility. Whereas institutional ownership and profitability did not affect the capital structure of manufacturing companies in 2012-2016. The conclusion of this research is managerial ownership, firm size and tangibility have positive and significant effect on capital structure, while institutional ownership and profitability have negative and insignificant effect on capital structure.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2008-2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rilla Gantino
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Firm Risk ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
Growth Opportunity ◽  
Size Firm

This study examine the influence of firm size, firm risk, capital intensity, leverage, tax, litigation, ownership structure, and growth opportunity for accounting conservatism.The study population was 129 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2009 and 2011. Based on purposive sampling method, 38 manufaturing companies was selected (or 114 observations). Data was selected from the companies’ financial reports and analysed by using multiple linear regression. This study uncovered that. the firm size, firm risk, capital intensity, leverage, tax, litigation, ownership structure, and growth opportunity have influence for accounting conservatism collectively. But, only firm size, firm risk, capital intensity, ownership structure and growth opportunity affect accounting conservatism individually in the studied companies

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document