scholarly journals Wrecking Peasants and Salvaging Landlords – Or Vice Versa? Wrecking in the Russian Baltic Provinces of Estland and Livland, 1780–1870

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-93
Author(s):  
Kersti Lust
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

AbstractThis article is a case study of wrecking, based on a database of hundreds of shipwrecks that occurred between 1780 and 1870, in what is today Estonia. Through a qualitative analysis of narrative sources, it examines the wrecking activities of manorial lords as well as of their peasants. Contrary to the international scholarly tradition, which views wrecking as an activity of the common people, this article sheds light on the deceptive and opportunistic activities of manorial lords, who were responsible for enforcing the law at the local level by performing police and court functions, but who, at the same time, benefited on a large scale from wrecking. The article contrasts this with the opportunities coastal peasants had to wreck for their own profit. In wrecking and salvage, the three characteristic elements of peasant-landlord relationships – exploitation, partnership, and patronage – emerge. In contrast with studies focusing on the friction between peasants and their lords in regions dominated by manorialism, this article argues that, in wrecking, their collaboration apparently proceeded without much conflict in this period.

scholarly journals Leishmaniasis and Climate Change—Case Study: Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Daniel Salomón ◽  
María Gabriela Quintana ◽  
Andrea Verónica Mastrángelo ◽  
María Soledad Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Vector Borne

Vector-borne diseases closely associated with the environment, such as leishmaniases, have been a usual argument about the deleterious impact of climate change on public health. From the biological point of view interaction of different variables has different and even conflicting effects on the survival of vectors and the probability transmission of pathogens. The results on ecoepidemiology of leishmaniasis in Argentina related to climate variables at different scales of space and time are presented. These studies showed that the changes in transmission due to change or increase in frequency and intensity of climatic instability were expressed through changes in the probability of vector-human reservoir effective contacts. These changes of contact in turn are modulated by both direct effects on the biology and ecology of the organisms involved, as by perceptions and changes in the behavior of the human communities at risk. Therefore, from the perspective of public health and state policy, and taking into account the current nonlinear increased velocity of climate change, we concluded that discussing the uncertainties of large-scale models will have lower impact than to develop-validate mitigation strategies to be operative at local level, and compatibles with sustainable development, conservation biodiversity, and respect for cultural diversity.

scholarly journals Delay in Justice is an Indicator in the Promotion of Terrorism: A Case Study of Swat

2020 ◽  
Vol V (Winter 2020) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hashmat Ali ◽  
Nazim Rahim ◽  
Aziz Ur Rehman Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Judicial System ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Common People ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
Short Span ◽  
First Time ◽  
Death Cases

The pre-merger judicial system of Swat was famous for speedy justice. Even death cases were solved in days. The people of Swat expected the same judicial system from Pakistan. Civil as well as criminal cases take long time for decision with no guarantee of fairness. Maulana Sufi Muhammad raised voice for Islamic Sharia for the first time in 1990. For the sake of Islam and speedy justice the common illiterate people of Swat supported the movement of Sufi Muhammad called TNSM. It was banned after accepting some of their demands. In 2004 another movement named TTP (Swat faction) appeared andgot control of most of the areas of Swatin a short span of time. The clerics of TTP preached their own version of Islam on FM channels and loud speakers. Imposition of Islamic laws and speedy justice were the main points of their agenda which inspired the common people of Swat and Malakand region.

scholarly journals Post Modern Cross Comparative Analysis on the Mosque Ornamentation in Malaysia: (A Case Study of Charles Jencks)

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Nangkula Utaberta ◽  
Aisyah Nur Handryant ◽  
Md Azree Othuman Mydin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Islamic Architecture ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Charles Jencks

Ornamentation is one of the elements in mosque which is almost considered as a compulsory element by the common people. Most of these ornaments are using the precedent from Middle East, such as geometry, floral and arabesque (Utaberta, 2014). Many architects are using revivalism approach of past architectural building such as the Putra Mosque, glorious son of Malaysia. The Putra mosque adopts distinct Islamic architecture that calls on a foreign eclectic revivalism (historicism design approach) of the Persian (Iranian) vocabulary found during the glorification of Safavid period (Utaberta 2012). Ornamentation in Islamic building has recorded in many books. describe that one of the first ornamentation in Islamic Building found in Persia which is using revivalism approach in designing ornament in its column. Ornamentation is the key element that is used in most mosques all over the world. The aim of this writing is to provide the Charles Jencks’s approaches to evaluating ornamentation system in mosque especially in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Maker and the Tool: Charles Parker, Documentary Performance, and the Search for a Popular Culture

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Watt
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
New South ◽  
Common People ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Common ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Verbatim Theatre ◽  
The University

Charles Parker's BBC Radio Ballads of the late 1950s and early 1960s, acknowledged by Derek Paget in NTQ 12 (November 1987) as a formative influence on the emergence of what he called ‘Verbatim Theatre’, have been given a new lease of life following their recent release by Topic Records; but his theatrical experiments in multi-media documentary, which he envisaged as a model for ‘engendering direct creativity in the common people’, remain largely unknown. The most ambitious of these – The Maker and the Tool, staged as part of the Centre 42 festivals of 1961–62 – is exemplary of the impulse to recreate a popular culture which preoccupied many of those involved in the Centre 42 venture. David Watt, who teaches Drama at the University of Newcastle, New South Wales, began researching these experiments with work on a case study of Banner Theatre of Actuality, the company Parker co-founded in 1973, for Workers' Playtime: Theatre and the Labour Movement since 1970, co-authored with Alan Filewod. This led to further research in the Charles Parker Archive at Birmingham Central Library, and the author is grateful to the Charles Parker Archive Trust and the staff of the Birmingham City Archives (particularly Fiona Tait) for the opportunity to explore its holdings and draw on them for this article.

scholarly journals Integration Versus Fragmentation, the Role of Minor Rural Networks in Rural Cultural Landscapes. A Study-Case in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4765
Author(s):  
Julio Plaza Tabasco ◽  
Héctor S. Martínez Sánchez-Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Ciudad Real ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Common ◽  
Landscape Units

This work deals with the dichotomy between integration and fragmentation caused by artificial elements in the cultural landscapes, especially minor rural roads. In Europe, the rural matrix dominates the configuration of landscapes, and the agents of fragmentation can be analysed from different perspectives. For this purpose, the Land Parcel Information System, designed for the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) is used as a data source to feed the indicators, allowing a high detail analysis, down to the parcel unit. It is applied to a case-study in Spain: the province of Ciudad Real. Here we find different landscape units with different rural and agrarian profiles to test the hypothesis. We use three indicators that allow us to explore the configuration of different cultural landscapes under the fragmentation perspective, using minor rural roads and other elements of the rural matrix that can only be observed at large scale. Then we calculate a composite indicator summarizing the fragmentation results of each unit. Results reveal a significative variability of fragmentation results regarding the land use and spatial patterns of the different cultural landscapes dominated by agrarian and rural factors, with a strong correspondence with the minor rural network underneath. Therefore, fragmentation can be interpreted as a dual process in cultural landscapes where the different land uses have different relations with the infrastructure network.

scholarly journals Shifting characterizations of the ‘Common People’ in modern English retranslations of Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War: a corpus-based analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Jones
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Peloponnesian War ◽  
Common People ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Little research has yet explored the impact of (re)translation on narrative characterization, that is, on the process through which the various actors depicted in a narrative are attributed particular traits and qualities. Moreover, the few studies that have been published on this topic are either rather more anecdotal than systematic, or their focus is primarily on the losses in character information that inevitably occur when a narrative is retold for a new audience in a new linguistic context. They do not explore how the translator’s own background knowledge and ideological beliefs might affect the characterization process for readers of their target-language text. Consequently, this paper seeks to make two contributions to the field: first, it presents a corpus-based methodology developed as part of the Genealogies of Knowledge project for the comparative analysis of characterization patterns in multiple retranslations of a single source text. Such an approach is valuable, it is argued, because it can enhance our ability to engage in a more systematic manner with the accumulation of characterization cues spread throughout a narrative. Second, the paper seeks to move discussions of the effects of translation on narrative characterization away from a paradigm of loss, deficiency and failure, promoting instead a perspective which embraces the productive role translators often play in reconfiguring the countless narratives through which we come to know, imagine and make sense of the past, our present and imagined futures. The potential of this methodology and theoretical standpoint is illustrated through a case study exploring changes in the characterization of ‘the common people’ in two English-language versions of classical Greek historian Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War, the first produced by Samuel Bloomfield in 1829 and the second by Steven Lattimore in 1998. Particular attention is paid to the referring expressions used by each translator—such as the multitude vs. the common people—as well as the specific attributes assigned to this narrative actor. In this way, the study attempts to gain deeper insight into the ways in which these translations reflect important shifts in attitudes within key political debates concerning the benefits and dangers of democracy.

scholarly journals Numerical Games and Official's Achievements

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Qingyu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political System ◽  
County Level ◽  
Senior Leaders ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Common People ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Government

This case study describes the conditions under which some local Chinese officials may use annual statistics work to overstate their achievements in order to earn praise and promotions.Dan Jiangjou, a county-level city in Hubei province o China, reported that the average income of its villagers steadily increase since 1996. For this the county officials were praised and rewarded time and again. But behind this achievenet lies the plot o stretching the veracity of the numbers.This paper examines weaknesses in the system that have permitted the officials to falsely report the statistics: Agricultural statistics data is not derived from an independent agency; the measure of economic growth in the countryside is too closely tied to the measure of the achievement of the government officals; and the present political system is one of excessive centralization, keeping the professional future of the local officials under the control of the more senior leaders, as opposed to the common people who have elected them. These three factors have worked together to create a numbers game in Dan Jiangkou City. 

IV: CRIME, DEBT, AND THE LAW

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 97-127
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

The common people: complaint that those summoned to appear before justices at inquests and assizes do not come for fear of death and other mischief perpetrated by those who do not fear the law, and suitors are thus delayed in recovering by default of suit and greatly impoverished. Request that the king will not suffer this to continue.

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