Weed management in sorghum-legume intercropping systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Abraham ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Control Application

SummaryThe field experiments were conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi in summer-rainy seasons of 1980 and 1981 to study the effect of different sorghum-legume intercropping systems and weed control methods on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by different crops and on weeds. The intercropping of legumes increased growth, uptake of N, P and K and yield of sorghum compared with sole sorghum. However, maximum increase was obtained when it was grown in association with fodder cow pea. All intercrops smothered the weeds but maximum suppression was by fodder cow pea. The total uptake of nutrients (N, P and K) was also greater in intercropping systems. Pre-emergence application of fluchloralin at 0·5 kg/ha was most effective in all intercropping systems followed by nitrofen at 1·0 kg/ha. Hand weeding and fluchloralin application also led to higher nutrient uptake by sorghum and the whole system than the unweeded control. Application of fluchloralin and nitrofen controlled most of the weeds and reduced nutrient removal compared with the control but was less effective than hand weeding.

Effects of dicyandiamide (DCD) blended with urea on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. SHARMA ◽  
R. KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement

Field experiments, conducted during 1992/93 and 1993/94 at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, indicated that dicyandiamide (DCD) blended with urea produced taller wheat plants with more grains ear−1 and thus higher grain and straw yields than following urea alone. The economic optimum dose (EOD) of nitrogen was estimated to be 73 kg N ha−1 for DCD-blended urea (8[ratio ]2) and 84 kg N ha−1 for urea alone, and the grain kg−1 N of the crop at the EOD was calculated to be 23 kg grain kg−1 N with DCD-blended urea and 18·6 kg grain kg−1 N with urea alone. Thus DCD-blended urea produced more grain using less nitrogen than urea alone. The nitrogen requirement for a targeted yield of 4 t ha−1 was also less when using DCD-blended urea (29 kg N ha−1) than when using urea alone (38 kg N ha−1). The DCD-blended urea resulted in higher N, P and K uptakes, agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery of nitrogen than urea alone.

scholarly journals Effect of duration of weed competition and weed control on the yield of Indian spinach

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSA Khan ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Nurul Islam ◽  
SN Mahfuza ◽  
MK Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur during kharif-1 (March to July) seasons of 2005 and 2006 to identify the critical period of crop-weed competition for Indian spinach. Major weed species were Paspalurn commersoni, Echinochlaa crusgalli. Lie nv/nc india. Cyanotis axillaris and Cyperus rotundus. The lowest weed dry matter was 76.3 g m-2 in 2005 and l01.60 g m-2 in 2006 from the plots weeded up to 40 days after transplanting (DAT). The highest yields were obtained (74.82 t ha in 2005 and 48.48 t ha in 2006) from the weed free plots. The fresh yield of Indian spinach did not vary among no weeding upto 20, 30 and 40 DAT in 2006. But weeded plot upto 30 and 40 DAT produced identical yield in 2005. Maximum BCR (4.52) was obtained from weeded plots upto 30 DAT in 2005 but BCR (2.60) was same from weeded upto 30 and 40 DA F in 2006. On an average, highest BCR (3.55) was recorded from weeding upto 30 DAT. Results revealed that the critical period of crop weed competition lies between 20 and 30 DAT and two times hand weeding would be necessary within 30 DAT for maximum benefit. Key Words: Crop-weed competitions, critical period, weed management and Indian spinach. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2306 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 623-629, December 2008

Sorghum-Legume Intercropping and the Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization. I. Yield and Nitrogen Uptake by Crops

1984 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Waghmaref ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Total System ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Four Levels

SUMMARYSix intercropping systems and four levels of nitrogen were compared at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in the summer rainy seasons (July-October) of 1978 and 1979. The maximum increase in sorghum yield was obtained when it was associated with fodder cowpea, followed by association with grain cowpea and greengram. The application of 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha−1 increased sorghum yield by 8.6, 16.1 and 18.2% in 1978 and by 2.9, 8.1 and 14.1% in 1979, respectively, compared with unfertilized sorghum. The nitrogen uptake by sorghum, and by the total system, was greater in sorghum-legume intercropping systems than in sole sorghum. Nitrogen application also increased the nitrogen uptake by sorghum and by the whole system.

Effect of nitrogen rates, mulching and antitranspirants on water use and water use efficiency of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties grown under dryland conditions

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Agarwal ◽  
Rajat De
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

SummaryField experiments were made under natural rainfall during the winter seasons of 1972–3 and 1973–4 at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to study the soil water use by barley varieties as influenced by nitrogen rates, mulching and foliar application of antitranspirants. Both Ratna and Vijaya varieties of barley had similar efficiency of water use.Total water use was not much different for various treatments but straw mulch and kaolin decreased evapotranspiration at tillering and pre-flowering stages enabling the plants to use more water at critical stages of grain formation. Application of nitrogen, straw mulch and a foliar coating of kaolin increased the efficiency of water use.

Crop compatibility and spatial arrangement in sorghum-based intercropping systems

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Waghmare ◽  
T. K. Krishnan ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

SUMMARYField experiments on crop compatibility and spatial arrangements in sorghum were conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi in irrigated conditions in 1976 and 1978. Grain yield of sorghum increased when grown in association with the legumes greengram, groundnut, grain and fodder cow peas and soya bean, compared with sole sorghum. Planting of sorghum in paired rows (30:90 cm) with two rows of intercrop in the 90 cm space produced maximum yields of sorghum and intercrops.

scholarly journals Effect of Residue Management on Yield and Economics of Pearlmillet Based Cropping Systems under Rainfed Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Raj Singh ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Y. P. Singh ◽  
A. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of residue management on yield and economics of pearlmillet based cropping systems in rainfed condition at Indian Agricultural research Institute, New Delhi. Field experiments were conducted during kharif and rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 using the pearlmillet variety ‘Pusa Composite 443. The application of residue as mulch resulted in 16.94 and 8.97% increase in CEY over conventional tillage and residue as standing retention, respectively. Highest net returns of Rs. 56537/ha was obtained with Pearlmillet-chickpea cropping systems followed by Rs. 42429/ha with pearlmillet-barley. Pearlmillet-chickpea cropping systems was observed more productive, remunerative and resource efficient cropping systems in rainfed conditions. 

scholarly journals Productivity and soil fertility of rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa) as influenced by establishment and weed management

2020 ◽  
pp. 432-436
Author(s):  
KEVIZHALHOU KUOTSU
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Nutrient Depletion ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Hand Weeding

Field experiments were conducted during kharif season of 2016 and 2017 at the experimental farm of SASRD, Nagaland University, Medziphema to evaluate the effect of establishment methods and weed management on productivity, nutrient uptake, nutrient harvest index (NHI) and residual soil fertility of rainfed lowland rice. Three establishment techniques and six weed management practices were evaluated in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed higher grain (4.24 t ha-1) and straw (5.88 t ha-1) yield, nutrient uptake by grain (53.1, 13.8 and 10.7 kg NPK ha-1) and straw (32.3, 6.2 and 48.8 kg NPK ha-1); available nutrients in post harvest soil (332.5, 20.7 and 12.3 kg NPK ha-1) under system of rice intensification (SRI) whereas conventionally transplanted rice (CTR) recorded least values. Minimum weed dry matter (158.4 g m-2) and nutrient depletion (11.3, 1.9 and 19.9 kg NPK ha-1) was recorded in integrated crop management (ICM) while maximum was observed in SRI. Among the weed management methods, significantly lower weed dry weight (103.4 g m-2), nutrient depletion (7.4, 1.3 and 12.9 kg NPK ha-1) and higher grain (4.59 t ha-1) and straw (6.30 t ha-1) yield was observed under hand weeding (HW) twice at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DAT). Nutrient depletion by grasses was observed to be higher as compared to sedges and broad leaved weeds. Weed control increased nutrient uptake by rice and decreased nutrient uptake by weeds. Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT recorded highest grain yield which was 81% higher over weedy check.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Integrated Weed Management Practices on Dry Matter Production and Crop Nutrient Uptake in Machine Transplanted Rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
B. Raviteja ◽  
K. P Vani ◽  
M. Yakadri ◽  
T. Ramprakash
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment entitled “Weed management in machine transplanted rice” was conducted during kharif season, 2019 at Agricultural Research Institute Farm, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to evaluate the influence of different weed management practices on growth and nutrient uptake machine transplanted rice crop. The results revealed that among different weed management treatments hand weeding at 20, 40 DAT (T8) recorded significantly higher dry matter production at harvest (14.7 t ha-1) which was at par with T4 i.e. penoxsulam 1.02% W/W + cyhalofop-p-butyl 5.1% W/W @ 153 g ha-1 at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds + power weeder at 30-40 DAT (14.3 t ha-1). Hand weeding at 20, 40 DAT had significantly increased the crop nutrient uptake at harvest (147.0: 16.9: 153.6 NPK kg ha-1), statistically at par with penoxsulam 1.02% W/W + cyhalofop-p-butyl 5.1% W/W @ 153 g ha-1 at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds + power weeder at 30-40 DAT (142.6: 16.0: 145.4 NPK kg ha-1) while lowest was recorded with weedy check (91.9: 9.9: 89.2 NPK kg ha-1).

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainability in Food Systems: Addressing Changing Climate through Real Time Nitrogen and Weed Management in a Conservation Agriculture-Based Maize–Wheat System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5010
Author(s):  
Kapila Shekhawat ◽  
Vinod K. Singh ◽  
Sanjay Singh Rathore ◽  
Rishi Raj ◽  
T. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Management

The proven significance of conservation agriculture (CA) in enhancing agronomic productivity and resource use efficiency across diverse agro-ecologies is often challenged by weed interference and nitrogen (N) immobilization. The collective effect of real-time N and weed management has been scarcely studied. To evaluate the appropriateness of sensor-based N management in conjunction with a broad-spectrum weed control strategy for the maize–wheat system, an experiment was conducted at ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute—in New Delhi, India, during 2015–2016 and 2016–2017. Weed management in maize through Sesbania brown manure followed by post-emergence application of 2,4-D (BM + 2,4-D) in maize and tank-mix clodinafop-propargyl (60 g ha−1) and carfentrazone (20 g ha−1) (Clodi+carfentra) in wheat resulted in minimum weed infestation in both crops. It also resulted in highest maize (5.92 and 6.08 t ha−1) and wheat grain yields (4.91 and 5.4 t ha−1) during 2015–2016 and 2016–2017, respectively. Half of the N requirement, when applied as basal and the rest as guided by Optical crop sensor, resulted in saving 56 and 59 kg N ha−1 in the maize–wheat system, respectively, over 100% N application as farmers’ fertilizer practice during the two consecutive years. Interactive effect of N and weed management on economic yield of maize and wheat was also significant and maximum yield was obtained with 50% N application as basal + rest as per Optical crop sensor and weed management through BM+2,4-D in maize and Clodi+carfentra in wheat crop. The study concludes that real-time N management, complemented with appropriate weed management, improved growth, enhanced agronomic productivity and endorsed N saving under a CA-based maize–wheat system in Trans Indo-Gangetic Plains.

Two new species of tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with note on intraspecific variations 

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4378 (3) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
NARESH M. MESHRAM ◽  
STUTI RAI ◽  
N. N. RAJGOPAL ◽  
N. RAMYA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Indian Council ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of leafhoppers, Durgades sineprocessus sp. nov. (From Himachal Pradesh: Kalpa) and Japanagallia dolabra sp. nov. (From Sikkim: Lachung) from India, are described and illustrated. Photographic illustrations of Durgades aviana Viraktamath and a detailed note on intraspecific variation in male genitalia of Austroagallia sinuata (Mulsant & Rey) are also provided. Material is deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India. 

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