Influence of planting seed tubers with gangrene(Phoma foveata) and of neighbouring healthy, diseased and missing plants on the yield and size of potatoes

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Hide ◽  
S. J. Welham ◽  
P. J. Read ◽  
A. E. Ainsley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Tuber Number ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
Phoma Foveata

SUMMARYPotato seed tubers infected or not infected with gangrene (Phoma foveata) were planted at Rothatnsted in 1987 to measure the effect of the disease and of neighbouring plants on yield. The experimental design was constructed so that the effect on growth of six adjacent plants (two nearest neighbours in each direction within rows and one nearest neighbour in each direction across rows) could be estimated for each plant. Total yield, ware (> 150 g) yield and tuber number from individual plants were affected most by the disease but also, in decreasing importance, by the two plants on either side within the same row (first neighbours), the two plants adjacent to the first neighbours (second neighbours) and the two adjacent plants in the rows on either side. Yield and tuber numbers increased as the different combinations of neighbouring plants contained increasing proportions of plants from diseased seed and missing plants; plants compensated for decreasing competition. Tuber size distributions showed that numbers of ware tubers decreased with increasing competition whereas numbers of small tubers were less affected. The fitted model was used to predict yields from crops planted with different proportions of diseased or missing seed tubers.

Effects of planting mixtures of different sizes of potato seed tubers on the yield and size of tubers

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. HIDE ◽  
S. J. WELHAM ◽  
P. J. READ ◽  
A. E. AINSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Mixed Populations

In 1989 and 1990, small, medium and large seed tubers, cv. Désirée, were planted 38 cm apart in experiments designed to measure the effects of different combinations of neighbouring plants on the yield and size of tubers from individual plants. Total yield, ware yield (> 150 g), numbers of tubers and numbers of stems increased as seed tuber size increased. Also, decreasing the size of seed tubers decreased the numbers of tubers in all sizes except those > 200 g. Competition from the two neighbouring plants on either side in the same row (first neighbours) increased as the size of seed tubers increased and with all seed sizes yields decreased. For example, plants from large seed benefited from small seed planted as neighbours whereas, with plants from small seed, yield was decreased with neighbouring plants from large seed. Numbers of stems and tubers were not affected by neighbouring plants. Also yields were not affected by the two plants adjacent to the first neighbours (second neighbours) or by the size of seed tubers planted in adjacent rows. Competition from first neighbours also affected tuber size distributions and, with small seed, increasing the competition decreased the number of tubers > 150 g and increased numbers < 50 g. Medium and small seed planted as neighbours of large seed increased numbers of tubers > 150 g. When yields from plants produced by seed of each size with similarly sized seed planted as first neighbours (uniform populations) were compared with mixed populations, yields were always greater from the mixed populations of different seed sizes planted alternately than from the means of uniform populations. Therefore in the mixed populations, there were larger gains from the larger seed than losses from the smaller seed.

Determination of optimum tuber planting density in the potato varieties Pentland Squire, Cara, Estima, Maris Piper and King Edward

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
J. R. Fellows ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Cost

SummaryThirty-two experiments examining the effects of the weight and within-row spacing of potato seed tubers on graded tuber yields of five varieties were conducted on eight sites from 1980 to 1985. A complex analysis technique was used to combine these data and estimate the optimum tuber planting densities for different ratios of seed cost to small (40–60 mm) and large (60–80 mm) ware value. The same technique could be applied to any other combination of seed cost, ware size and ware value.The optimum tuber planting density decreased with increasing seed-tuber weight. Differences in optimum planting density between varieties were much greater with small (35 g) than with large (105 g) seed tubers and decreased as the cost of seed increased relative to the value of ware. As large ware became worth more than small ware the influence of increasing seed cost on the optimum density was reduced. As the value of large ware increased, net returns increased and the effect of seed cost on net returns was reduced. Mean tuber size decreased with increasing stem density at harvest and at the same stem density was lower in varieties producing more daughter tubers/stem. Changes of mean tuber size (μ) and the spread of yield across size grades (σ) with time were well described by parallel curves in different varieties. It is suggested that in future it may not be necessary to determine optimum tuber planting densities by complex experiments involving several seed-tuber weights and spacings. Instead μ and σ could be estimated from simple experiments and tuber spacings determined by comparison with control varieties.

scholarly journals Performance of Different Size True Potato Seed Seedling Tubers at Khumaltar

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Ram C Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Size Tuber ◽  
Cut Seed ◽  
Cut Seed Tubers

A field study was carried out at Khumaltar-Lalitpur, during 2002-2004 to evaluate and comparethe performance of different sizes of seedling tubers (1-5 g, 5-10 g, 10-20 g and 20-40 g) of truepotato seed (TPS) with whole and half cut seed tubers of Desiree of 20-40 g size at 60- × 25-cmspacing. Percent emergence, plant height, ground cover by foliage, stems/plant, number of tubersper plant, marketable and total yields were significantly increased with the increase in seedlingtubers weight as compared to whole and half cut seed tubers of Desiree. Late blight(Phytophthora infestans L.) disease was quite low in the TPS crops than Desiree. Both wholeand half cut seed tubers of Desiree produced significantly higher average per tuber weight.Uniformity of the tubers harvested from different sizes of seedling tubers was statisticallysimilar and tubers from Desiree were statistically uniform as compared to seedling tubers. Thethree years result suggests that more than 1 g size seedling tubers can be successfully used forpotato production as from the seed tubers of any standard variety.Key words: Desiree; seedling tuber; tuber size; tuber yieldDOI: 10.3126/narj.v6i0.3341Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.6 2005 pp.28-34

Response of ‘Russet Burbank’ Seed Tubers Containing Dicamba and Glyphosate

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Nelson D. Geary ◽  
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti ◽  
Gary A. Secor ◽  
Richard K. Zollinger ◽  
Andrew P. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Mother Plants

AbstractIncreased use of dicamba and/or glyphosate in dicamba/glyphosate-tolerant soybean might affect many sensitive crops, including potato. The objective of this study was to determine the growth and yield of ‘Russet Burbank’ potato grown from seed tubers (generation 2) from mother plants (generation 1) treated with dicamba (4, 20, and 99 g ae ha−1), glyphosate (8, 40, and 197 g ae ha−1), or a combination of dicamba and glyphosate during tuber initiation. Generation 2 tubers were planted near Oakes and Inkster, ND, in 2016 and 2017, at the same research farm where the generation 1 tubers were grown the previous year. Treatment with 99 g ha−1dicamba, 197 g ha−1glyphosate, or 99 g ha−1dicamba + 197 g ha−1glyphosate caused emergence of generation 2 plants to be reduced by up to 84%, 86%, and 87%, respectively, at 5 wk after planting. Total tuber yield of generation 2 was reduced up to 67%, 55%, and 68% when 99 g ha−1dicamba, 197 g ha−1glyphosate, or 99 g ha−1dicamba + 197 g ha−1glyphosate was applied to generation 1 plants, respectively. At each site year, 197 g ha−1glyphosate reduced total yield and marketable yield, while 99 g ha−1dicamba reduced total yield and marketable yield in some site-years. This study confirms that exposure to glyphosate and dicamba of potato grown for potato seed tubers can negatively affect the growth and yield potential of the subsequently grown daughter generation.

scholarly journals Genetic mapping of tuber size distribution and marketable tuber yield under drought stress in potatoes

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest B. Aliche ◽  
Marian Oortwijn ◽  
Tom P. J. M. Theeuwen ◽  
Christian W. B. Bachem ◽  
Herman J. van Eck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Tuber Number ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Tuber Size Distribution ◽  
Drought Effects

Abstract Drought sensitivity of potato leads to a reduction in total tuber yield and marketable yield. An investigation of drought effects on tuber yield attributes will facilitate our understanding of how to reduce such huge yield losses. We have evaluated tuber yield, tuber size distribution and marketable yield of a set of 103 European commercial potato cultivars under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions in the field. The multi-year results from two locations, Connantre, France (2013–2015) and Nieuw-Namen in Zeeland, The Netherlands (2013–2014), were analysed. We used Normal and Gamma Distribution models to describe the tuber size distribution of tuber fresh weight and tuber number, respectively. The interactions among parameters of tuber size distribution and total/marketable tuber yield traits were analysed using correlation matrices and biplots. Finally, we used a 14K Infinium SNP marker array to find associations between the parameters or traits and genetic loci on the potato genome. Late foliage maturity facilitated a wider spread of tuber size distribution in favour of larger-sized tubers. Drought effects on total yield were representative of their impact on marketable yield, however, absolute values of total tuber number may not be indicative of marketable number of tubers. We found significant marker-trait associations between a region on chromosome 3 and the spread of tuber number distribution, size class with maximum tuber number and marketable fractions of tuber number and tuber weight. These findings will contribute to improvement and selection for drought tolerance in potato.

scholarly journals The yield of potato plants as affected by stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani), blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) and by neighbouring plants

1996 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Hide ◽  
S. J. Welham ◽  
P. J. Read ◽  
A. E. Ainsley
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Yield Gaps

SUMMARYPotato seed tubers inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani and Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, to induce stem canker and blackleg respectively, were planted with uninoculated seed tubers in field experiments designed to measure the effects of the diseases and of neighbouring plants on tuber yield. Gaps were also included. The plant variables total and ware (> 150 g) yields and tuber numbers were affected by disease, and also by competition from the two plants on either side in the same row (first neighbours), and increased as competition from neighbouring plants decreased. Plants adjacent to the first neighbours also influenced yields of plants with stem canker but those in adjacent rows did not have a significant effect with either disease. Both diseases altered the tuber size distributions, which were also modified by neighbouring plants. The data were used to predict total and ware yields for crops containing different proportions of healthy, diseased and missing plants.

Age of potato seed-tubers influences protein synthesis during sprouting

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Mohan Kumar ◽  
N. Richard Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Seed Tubers

scholarly journals VARIABILTY AND STABILTY OF TUBER YIELD OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (Helianthus tuberosus L.) / VARIABILIDAD Y ESTABILIDAD DEL RENDIMIENTO DE TUBERCULOS DEL TOPINAMBO / VARIABILITÉ ET STABILITÉ DU RENDEMENT DU TUBERCULE DE TOPINAMBUR

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janoš Berenji ◽  
Vladimir Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Tuber Number ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
The Stability

SUMMARYThe objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic and ecological variation as well as the stability of tuber yield per plant, tuber number per plant and tuber size of Jerusalem artichoke based on the results of a variety trial carried out with 20 different Jerusalem artichoke varieties during the period of 1994-2000. Significant genetic as well as ecologycal variation was observed for all of the traits studied. The most promissing varieties showing high tuber yield combined with high yield stability were “BT-4”, “Violet Rennes” and “UKR 4/ 82”. It is encouraging that the highest yielding varieties exibited a rather stable performance over environments.

The effects of the growth-regulating compounds methyl decanoate and 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid on potato tuber size

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid ◽  
Tuber Size Distribution ◽  
Methyl Decanoate

SummaryApplication of methyl decanoate to a potato crop about the time of tuber initiation reduced the total yield and the yield of tubers in the grade 2·5–5·5 cm though neither of these reductions were significant. However, application of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid increased the yield of tubers 2·5–5·5 cm by up to 20% while having no significant effect on total tuber yield. This change in the tuber size distribution was due to a more even partition of photosynthate between tubers and not to an increase in the total number of tubers.

scholarly journals Extension of mathematical background for Nearest Neighbour Analysis in three-dimensional space

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Eva Stopková
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Mathematical Background ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
Anisotropic Function ◽  
Neighbour Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Proceeding deals with development and testing of the module for GRASS GIS [1], based on Nearest Neighbour Analysis. This method can be useful for assessing whether points located in area of interest are distributed randomly, in clusters or separately. The main principle of the method consists of comparing observed average distance between the nearest neighbours r A to average distance between the nearest neighbours r E that is expected in case of randomly distributed points. The result should be statistically tested. The method for two- or three-dimensional space differs in way how to compute r E . Proceeding also describes extension of mathematical background deriving standard deviation of r E , needed in statistical test of analysis result. As disposition of phenomena (e.g. distribution of birds’ nests or plant species) and test results suggest, anisotropic function would repre- sent relationships between points in three-dimensional space better than isotropic function that was used in this work.

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