THE IMPORTANCE OF TIME OF SPRAYING, DESICCANT TYPE AND HARVEST TIME
                    ON INDUSTRIAL FIBRE PRODUCTION FROM STAND-RETTED FIBRE FLAX (LINUM
                        USITATISSIMUM) - CORRIGENDUM

SUMMARYEven and successful retting of flax through application of a desiccating herbicide and stand-retting is a major constraint to increasing its incorporation in industrial products. With the release of a new form of glyphosate based on the isopropylamine (IPA) salt with biactivator (Roundup Biactive, Monsanto Ltd), a field trial was planted using three flax varieties with differing levels of ease of desiccation at the Henfaes Research Centre, University of Wales Bangor in 2004. The crop was sprayed at four different times of maturity: mid-point of flowering plus 7 days (MPF+7), MPF+14, MPF+21 or MPF+28 using two different herbicide treatments; Roundup Biactive (Monsanto PLC) or Roundup Biactive+Restore (40% ammonium sulphate, AmegA Sciences PLC). Fibre quality was assessed following retting and the ease of decortication was measured. The highest fibre yields were obtained from the MPF+28 spray date, and from the Biactive herbicide treatment. Although lower yields were recorded with the Biactive+Restore treatment, the stems were easier to decorticate. It is suggested that an early sowing date and the use of the IPA salt-based glyphosate with biactivator, and careful monitoring of the crop during the retting process, contributed to the early and successful harvest from the MPF+28 plots, allowing mature seeds as well as fibre to be harvested from the flax plants.

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AN AGRONOMIC EVALUATION OF FIBRE FLAX IN SASKATCHEWAN

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps80-008 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 55-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. G. ROWLAND

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Oil Content ◽

Seed Rate ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

Linum Usitatissimum L ◽

Agronomic Evaluation ◽

Rainfed Conditions

Three fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars, Hera, Natasja and Reina, and the oilseed cultivar Dufferin were tested at Hagen in 1977 and 1978 under rainfed conditions, and at Saskatoon in 1977 and Outlook in 1978 under irrigation. The tests included four rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N/ha) and three seeding rates (50, 100 and 150 kg/ha). In addition, these four cultivars plus the fibre cultivar Budalak were evaluated under rainfed conditions at Saskatoon in 1977. In every test, except the Saskatoon rainfed, straw yields of the fibre cultivars were significantly greater than of Dufferin. Nitrogen fertilizer increased straw production and straw yields responded linearly to seed rate increases. Without exception, Dufferin had the greatest yield of seed and had approximately 3% higher oil content.

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Variation patterns within 153 flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genebank accessions based on evaluation for resistance to fusarium wilt, anthracnose and pasmo

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262108913897 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 22-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Axel Diederichsen ◽

Tatiana A. Rozhmina ◽

Ljudmilla P. Kudrjavceva

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Severity Index ◽

Disease Severity Index ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

Linum Usitatissimum L ◽

Average Resistance ◽

Variation Patterns

Germplasm of 153 flax (Linum usitatissimum) accessions from 24 countries held at Plant Gene Resources of Canada (PGRC) was evaluated for resistance to fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum lini) and pasmo (Septoria linicola). The screening was conducted at the All-Russian Flax Research Institute (VNIIL) at Torzhok, Russia, over 3 years for fusarium wilt and anthracnose, and over 2 years for pasmo. A disease severity index ranging from 0% (no infection) to 100% (heavy infection) was calculated based on observations after artificial inoculation with the pathogens in the greenhouse (fusarium wilt) or in field nurseries (anthracnose and pasmo). The average disease severity index for fusarium wilt was 56.6 ± 34.4% (range 0–100.0%), for anthracnose 59.8 ± 8.1% (range 43.8–83.9%) and for pasmo 74.2 ± 11.8% (range 27.3–100.0%). The variation of disease severity indices among the years and within each accession was highest for fusarium wilt. Higher than average resistance for all three diseases was found in accessions from East Asia, while germplasm from the Indian subcontinent showed considerably lower than average resistance. Germplasm from North America and South America (mostly linseed) displayed above average resistance to fusarium wilt, while European accessions (mostly fibre flax) showed lower than average resistance to this disease. The different resistance levels reflected the improvements made by plant breeding and differences in the environments under which the germplasm accessions evolved. Accessions with potential use in linseed and fibre flax breeding were identified.

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Influence of Sowing and Harvest Time on Fibre Flax (Linum usitatissimumL.) in the Mediterranean Environment

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1046/j.1439-037x.2003.00034.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 189 (3) ◽

pp. 191-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

F. Rossini ◽

R. Casa

Keyword(s):

Harvest Time ◽

Mediterranean Environment ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

The Mediterranean

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Effects of diurnal temperature range and seasonal temperature pattern on the agronomic traits of fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2013-103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (6) ◽

pp. 1249-1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fei Yang ◽

Fei-hu Liu ◽

Gordon Rowland

Keyword(s):

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Diurnal Temperature Range ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Temperature Pattern ◽

Seasonal Temperature ◽

Diurnal Temperature ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

Linum Usitatissimum L ◽

Temperature Ranges

Yang, F., Liu, F.-h. and Rowland, G. 2013. Effects of diurnal temperature range and seasonal temperature pattern on the agronomic traits of fibre flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1249–1255. Three cultivars of fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), Viking, Argos and Ariane, were used to study the effect on various agronomic traits of diurnal temperature ranges (DIF) and seasonal temperature patterns (STP) applied throughout the crop growth period. Diurnal temperature ranges were set at 5, 10 and 15°C with the same daily mean temperature and accumulated growing degree days (GDDa), under a parabolic STP. Seasonal temperature patterns were set following parabolic, anti-parabolic and quasi-horizontal configurations with DIF set at 10°C. The results showed that DIF or cultivar had a significant influence on the biomass, plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), length of technical stem (LTS), weight of technical stem (WTS), fibre weight (FW), fibre content (FC) and seed weight per pot (SWp). Seasonal temperature pattern also had a significant influence on these traits except for WTS and FW. Significant interactions were observed between DIF and cultivar, affecting all traits with the exception of FW, and between STP and cultivar, affecting biomass, PH, SD and WTS. Diurnal temperature range set at 10°C was optimal for biomass, PH, SD, LTS, WTS, and FW, while DIF set at 5°C benefited FC and SWp. Among the different STP configurations, anti-parabolic pattern was optimal for biomass, PH, SD, LTS and FC, and the quasi-horizontal pattern best fit SWp. In conclusion, the combination of DIF set at 10°C and anti-parabollic STP provided the most favorable temperature conditions for fibre flax growth, which is the situation with winter flax production in Yunnan, China.

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Regional Features of the Development of the Flax Sub-complex in the Context of Growing Crisis Phenomena

Vestnik APK Verhnevolzh`ia ◽

10.35694/yarcx.2020.50.2.0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

И.В. Великанова ◽

Р.А. Попов

Keyword(s):

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Import Substitution ◽

Raw Material ◽

Main Task ◽

Material Base ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

Regular Production ◽

Wide Range

Целью настоящей работы является оценка состояния льноводства в Российской Федерации в целом и в отдельных льносеющих регионах, выявление текущих проблем в отрасли, изучение программ государственной поддержки льняного комплекса и определение возможностей для его развития. В процессе исследования использовался широкий спектр аналитических методов изучения экономических явлений – монографический, статистический и другие. Особое внимание уделялось сопоставимости показателей для анализа динамики изучаемых процессов. Для России лён-долгунец – важнейшая техническая культура, максимально адаптированная к её почвенно-климатическим условиям, позволяющая в значительной мере обеспечить импортозамещение хлопка. Основная задача, стоящая перед льняной отраслью сегодня – создание надёжной отечественной сырьевой базы для льноперерабатывающих предприятий. От её решения зависит экономическая и стратегическая безопасность страны, которая определяется необходимостью наличия отлаженного производства отечественного волокнистого сырья и продуктов его переработки гражданского и оборонного назначения. Исследования показали, что реализуемые меры по поддержке отрасли на федеральном и региональном уровнях положительно влияют на её состояние, но пока не могут обеспечить высокую эффективность производства. Валовые сборы льноволокна не растут и стабилизировались на уровне 40 тыс. тонн, а площади посева льна-долгунца не достигают и 50 тыс. гектаров. Низким остаётся и качество льнопродукции. В условиях высокой затратности производства льнопродукции, диспаритета цен, недостаточного уровня инвестиций рентабельность производства льнопродукции довольно низка. Важными и актуальными задачами в развитии льняной отрасли являются увеличение объёмов и эффективности производства льна, повышение качества волокнистой и семенной продукции, техническая и технологическая модернизация льноводства. Поэтому, наряду с действующими программами (льготное кредитование, лизинг техники, субсидирование затрат), необходима разработка целевой комплексной программы «Развитие льняного подкомплекса региона», охватывающей не только сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей, но и предприятия перерабатывающей и лёгкой промышленности. The purpose of this work is to assess the state of flax cultivation in the Russian Federation as a whole and in certain flax-sowing regions, to identify current problems in the industry, to study state support programs for the flax complex and to determine opportunities for its development. A wide range of analytical methods for studying economic phenomena – monographic, statistical and others was used in the research process. Particular attention was paid to the comparability of indicators for the analysis of the dynamics of the studied processes. For Russia, the fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum) is the most important industrial crop adapted to its soil and climatic conditions as much as possible, which allows to significantly ensuring the import substitution of cotton. The main task facing the flax industry today is to create a reliable domestic raw material base for flax processing enterprises. The economic and strategic security of the country depends on its decision which is determined by the need for regular production of domestic fibrous raw materials and its derived products for civil and defense purposes. Researches have shown that the measures implemented to support the industry at the federal and regional levels positively affect its condition, but so far cannot ensure high production efficiency. Whole yields of flax fiber do not increase and have stabilized at the level of 40 thousand tons and the area of planting fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum) does not reach 50 thousand hectares. The quality of flax products remains low. In conditions of high cost of flax production, price disparity, insufficient level of investments, the profitability of flax production is rather low. Important and relevant tasks in the development of the flax industry are increasing the volume and efficiency of flax production, improving the quality of fibrous and seed products and technical and technological modernization of flax cultivation. Therefore, along with existing programs (easy credit terms, finance lease of equipment, subsidizing of costs) it is necessary to develop a targeted integral program "Development of the flax sub-complex of the region", covering not only agricultural commodity producers but also enterprises of the processing and light industries.

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A study of the plant, fibre and seed development in flax and linseed (Linum usitatissimum) grown at a range of seed rates

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859699008400 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 135 (4) ◽

pp. 361-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

D. L. EASSON ◽

R. M. MOLLOY

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Seed Development ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Linum Usitatissimum ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Seed Rate ◽

Fibre Flax ◽

Total Seed ◽

Seed Yields

A comparison of the fibre and seed development in fibre flax and linseed types of Linum usitatissimum (L.) was carried out in replicated field plot experiments in 1993, 1994 and 1996 in Northern Ireland. Flax cultivar Ariane, and linseed cultivars Barbara (1993 and 1996) and Flanders (1994) were each grown at seed rates of 500, 1000 and 1500 seeds/m2 and sampled at 7-day intervals from the start of flowering until harvest. The number of buds, flowers and capsules per plant were counted and straw height and total, seed, straw, total fibre, long fibre and short fibre dry matter ( DM) yields determined for each sample date. Fibre yields were determined after water retting the straw for 7 days at 20°C and extracting the fibre by scutching and hackling.The emergence dates were similar in all years, but site and season interactions resulted in later flower and capsule development in 1993. Although the total biomass of flax and linseed were similar at the start of flowering, flax maintained a more rapid straw growth rate and linseed a more rapid seed growth rate giving final fibre yields that were 1300 kg/ha higher in flax than linseed and seed yields that were 800 kg/ha greater in linseed than flax. The proportion of fibre in the straw was higher in flax than linseed and the proportion of long fibre within the total fibre fraction was also greater. Final seed yields were highest in 1993, and fibre yields from flax were higher in 1994 than in the other years. Seed rate had no effect on seed yield in either flax or linseed but at the lowest seed rate, which gave plant counts of about 400 plants/m2 , the total fibre yield was significantly reduced compared with the higher seed rates with plant counts of about 1200 plants/m2 . It is concluded that decreasing fibre flax seed rates from 1500 to 500 seeds/m2 will reduce potential fibre yields by 25% but have little effect on seed yield, whilst increasing linseed seed rates from 500 to 1500 seeds/m2 would only result in marginal increases in the potential yield of fibre.

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