Soil phosphorus accumulation model for an arid area of north-western China with 3-year rotation of wheat, maize and cotton

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (7) ◽  
pp. 1247-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. WANG ◽  
H. LIU ◽  
X. H. WANG ◽  
J. M. LI ◽  
Y. B. MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desert Soil ◽  
Western China ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Accumulation Model ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
North Western

SUMMARYPredictive models for the accumulation of available phosphorus (Olsen-P, extracted with 0·5 mol/l sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) at pH 8·5) in the north-western arid areas of China, especially in Xinjiang, are essential for the improved management of phosphorus (P) fertilizers. In the present study, an accumulation model for Olsen-P in grey desert soil (Calcaric Cambisol) was developed using the data for initial Olsen-P in soil, P fertilizer application rate (organic and inorganic P), crop yields, and soil pH from a 22-year long-term experiment (1990–2011) with 3-year rotation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium spp.). The model was also validated independently using previously published data from the literature. The results indicated an average net accumulation of Olsen-P in the plough layer (0–200 mm) of 0·36 mg/kg/year (from 0·083 to 0·47 mg/kg/year) when P fertilizer was applied, while an average net Olsen-P loss of 0·12 mg/kg/year (from 0·067 to 0·26 mg/kg/year) was observed without P fertilization in the soil. For target yields of wheat, maize and cotton at 5, 6 and 6 tonne/ha (t/ha), respectively, in soil with pH 8, the rates of Olsen-P increase in the soil as estimated by the model were 0·11, 0·24, 0·36, 0·49 and 0·61 mg/kg/year when P application rates were 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 kg P/ha per 3-year period, respectively. For every 100 kg/ha of P surplus, Olsen-P increased by 1·1 mg/kg in Xinjiang grey desert soil. This Olsen-P accumulation model was valuable for the management of soil P in agricultural production and environmental protection in north-western China and other arid areas planted with a yearly rotation of wheat, maize or cotton.

Effect of Different Phosphorus Fertilization Treatments on the Phosphorus Transference in an Aquatic Brown Paddy Soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Quan Lai Zhou ◽  
Mu Qiu Zhao ◽  
Cai Yan Lu ◽  
Yi Shi ◽  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
Phosphorus Application

This study investigated the effects of different rates of phosphorus application on vertical transference of P. An aquatic brown paddy soil was filled in organic glass columns using for the leaching experiments. The results indicated that significant vertical transference was found using change of Olsen-P and CaCl2-P. The transference distance was no more than 10cm when P application rate between 200 and 800 kg P ha-1, and was more than 10cm as P application rate above 800 kg P ha-1. We obtained the threshold value of Olsen-P was 53.7 mg kg-1 by split-line model, and calculated that the threshold value of P fertilizer application rate was 382.1 kg P ha-1 by relationship of soil Olsen-P concentration and P application rate. The soil P transference increased, if P application rate was above 382.1 kg P ha-1. It would be helpful for controlling the P fertilizer amount by field to decrease P loss.

scholarly journals Estimation of the P Fertilizer Demand of China Using the LePA Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Yu ◽  
Haigang Li ◽  
Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Torsten Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
Fertilizer Demand ◽  
P Removal

Modern phosphate (P) fertilizers are sourced from P rock reserves, a finite and dwindling resource. Globally, China is the largest producer and consumer of P fertilizer and will deplete its domestic reserves within 80 years. It is necessary to avoid excess P input in agriculture through estimating P demand. We used the legacy P assessment model (LePA) to estimate P demand based on soil P management at the county, regional, and country scales according to six P application rate scenarios: (1) rate in 2012 maintained; (2) current rate maintained in low-P counties and P input stopped in high-P counties until critical Olsen-P level (CP) is reached, after which rate equals P-removal; (3) rate decreased to 1–1.5 kg ha−1 year−1 in low-P counties after CP is reached and in high-P counties; (4) rate in each county decreased to 1–8 kg ha−1 year−1 after soil Olsen-P reached CP in low P counties; (5) rate in each county was kept at P-removal rate after reduction; (6) P input was kept at the rate lower than P-offtake rate after reduction. The results showed that the total P fertilizer demand of China was 750 MT P2O5, 54% of P fertilizer can be saved from 2013 to 2080 in China, and soil Olsen-P of all counties can satisfy the demand for high crop yields. The greatest potential to decrease P input was in Yangtze Plain and South China, which reached 60%. Our results provide a firm basis to analyze the depletion of P reserves in other countries.

scholarly journals Cow Manure Application Cuts Chemical Phosphorus Fertilizer Need in Silage Rice in Japan

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Thanh Tung Nguyen ◽  
Yuka Sasaki ◽  
Mitsuhiko Katahira ◽  
Dhirendranath Singh
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Total P

Cow manure is a good source of phosphorus (P). Here, we investigated whether the amount of P fertilizer can be reduced when cow manure is applied to paddy soil based on growth, P uptake, yield, and soil P status evaluation. Treatments included unfertilized control (CK); manure plus chemical nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and P fertilizer (MNK P); MNK and 75% P (MNK ¾ P); MNK and 50% P (MNK ½ P); MNK and 25% P (MNK ¼ P); and MNK. Manure was applied at the rate of 10 t ha−1 in fresh weight base. The P fertilizer was applied at 34.9 kg P ha−1 as full dose. Treatment with MNK resulted in the same growth, P uptake, and yield as that with the P fertilizer. P uptake and yield did not respond to P input from chemical fertilizer owing to high soil Olsen P levels. Moreover, MNK could maintain soil Olsen P and total P. Manure application resulted in a positive partial P balance. These results suggest that manure application can cut P fertilizer requirements in P-rich soils, while maintaining soil P for optimal rice growth and yield. By using cow manure in rice production, farmers can conserve finite P resources.

Effects of soil- and foliar-applied phosphorus fertilizers on the potato (Solanum tuberosum) crop

2001 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. ALLISON ◽  
J. H. FOWLER ◽  
E. J. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
P Fertilizers

Twenty-two field experiments in England, done between 1986 and 2000, tested the effects of phosphorus (P) fertilizers on number of tubers and tuber yield in Solanum tuberosum. Applying P fertilizer resulted in statistically significant increases in tuber yield in six experiments and the optimal P application rate ranged from c. 90 to 180 kg P/ha. Statistically significant increases in yield in response to application of P fertilizers were found only in soils that contained < 26 mg Olsen-P/l (< Index 3) and appeared to be associated with increases in ground cover. Statistically significant increases in the number of tubers in response to application of P fertilizer were found only in soils that contained < 16 mg Olsen-P/l (< Index 2) and appeared to be associated with an increase in ground cover by the time of tuber initiation (c. 5–6 week after planting). Each tonne of tuber fresh-weight yield was, on average, associated with removal of 0·39 kg P but regression analysis showed that this value increased as soil Olsen-P increased. Re-analysis of published data showed that whilst the probability of a response to P fertilizer and the optimum P application rate may have been overestimated, some statistically significant responses to P fertilizer did occur when Olsen-P was > 26 mg/l. The absence of yield responses on P Index 3 soils found in the current experiments was attributed to increased use of irrigation that may have increased the availability of soil P. Re-interpretation of data from long-term experiments showed that the agronomic benefits of increasing soil P status by applying more P than is removed by harvested crop parts, are small. Since large P residues, estimated by Olsen-P or degree of soil P saturation, are associated with desorption of P and consequent loss to drainage water it is inadvisable to increase soil P above Index 3. For these reasons, no P fertilizer is recommended for Index 4 soils, an amount equivalent to replacement is recommended for Index 3 soils but up to 110–130 kg P/ha should be applied to Index 0 soils. Applications of foliar P had no effect on number of tubers or tuber yield and this practice cannot be recommended.

scholarly journals Soil phosphorus and relationship to phosphorus balance under long-term fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Benhua ◽  
Cui Quanhong ◽  
Guo Yun ◽  
Yang Xueyun ◽  
Zhang Shulan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Activation Coefficient ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Temporal changes in the concentrations of plant-available phosphorus (P) in soil (Olsen-P), total soil-P and P activation coefficient (the ratio of Olsen-P to residual-P (i.e. an approximation to total-P)) were measured in plots that received consistent inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus organic fertilizers annually. Maize and winter wheat crops were grown in rotation for 24 years. Olsen-P and P activation coefficient declined significantly in the earlier years (&lt; 12 years) for treatments that did not include any P fertilizer, and increased over the same period for the P-fertilized treatments. The rates of change in the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient values were positively related to P balance. In the later years, the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient plateau values were positively related to the P balance.

scholarly journals KADAR FOSFOR DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) DAN KORELASINYA DENGAN FOSFOR TANAH TERSEDIA DARI BEBERAPA METODE EKSTRAKSI

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
A. ARIVIN RIVAIE
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Soil P Test ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Bray 1

ABSTRAK<br />Percobaan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian beberapa metoda uji P<br />tanah untuk tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dan pengaruh<br />berbagai dosis pupuk P terhadap kadar P daun dan berat kering tanaman<br />terhadap jarak pagar telah dilakukan pada tanah Ultisol Citayam, Bogor.<br />Percobaan dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah<br />dan Aneka Tanaman Industri Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, dari bulan September<br />2006 sampai Juni 2007. Perlakuan terdiri atas dosis P (SP-36), yaitu 0, 50,<br />100, dan 150 mg P O<br />2 5 /kg tanah, yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak<br />Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa kadar P daun dan berat kering tanaman jarak pagar meningkat<br />sejalan dengan dosis pupuk P yang diberikan. Peningkatan dosis pupuk P<br />juga diikuti oleh peningkatan kadar P tanah yang diekstraksi dengan<br />metoda Olsen-P, Bray-1 P, dan HCl 25%. Nilai-nilai kadar P tanah tersedia<br />yang diukur dengan ketiga metoda uji P tanah tersebut mempunyai hubungan yang nyata dengan kadar P tanah yang diekstraksi dengan determinasi (R 2 ) tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh persamaan regresi dari nilai-<br />nilai P tanah dengan metoda Bray-1 P (R 2 = 0.92) dibandingkan dengan<br />metoda Olsen-P dan HCl 25%, yang menunjukkan bahwa metoda uji<br />tanah Bray-1 P lebih sesuai untuk penyusunan rekomendasi pemupukan P<br />untuk tanaman jarak pagar di tanah Ultisol.<br />Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas L., P daun, metode uji P tanah, hubungan<br />antara P daun dan P tanah<br />ABSTRACT<br />A study was conducted to compare the suitability of several soil P<br />test methods for physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) and to determine the<br />effect of various doses of P fertilizer on the leaf P content and the plant dry<br />matter on Ultisol Citayam, Bogor. The experiments were carried out in a<br />glasshouse from September 2006 up to July 2007. The employed<br />treatments, namely 0, 50, 100, and 150 mg P O<br />2 5 /kg soil (in form of SP-36),<br />were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four<br />replications. The results showed that the leaf P content and plant dry<br />matter of physic nut on Ultisol increased in line with increasing doses of P<br />fertilizer applied. Increase of P fertilizer P rates was also followed by the<br />increase of soil P concentrations extracted by the three soil P test methods<br />(Olsen-P, Bray-1 P, and HCl 25%). The values of available soil P concentration measured by the three soil P test methods had significant relationship with leaf P contents. The highest coefficient of determination (R 2 ) showed by the regression equation of available soil P concentration<br />measured by the Bray-1 P (R 2 = 0,92) compared to those measured by the<br />Olsen-P and HCl 25% methods, indicated that the Bray-1 P method is<br />likely  more  suitable  to  be  used  in  establishing  P  fertilizer<br />recommendations for the physic nut in Ultisol.<br />Key words: Jatropha curcas L., leaf P, soil P test methods, relationship<br />between soil P and leaf P contents

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Model of Soil Legacy P Assessment for Calcareous and Acidic Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Yu ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Tobias Edward Hartmann ◽  
Minggang Xu ◽  
Xueyun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Simulation Accuracy ◽  
Contrast Model ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Soil Legacy ◽  
P Fertilizer

Phosphate (P) rock is a finite natural resource, and its use for P fertilizer production has resulted in its rapid depletion worldwide. In order to reduce the use of natural P resources, reducing the input of P into agricultural systems is necessary. The assessment of legacy P in soil is an option to maintain crop yield with low P fertilizer input. Many models have been tested to assess the contribution of legacy soil P to crop uptake. However, these models face a common challenge as conceptual soil P pools in models cannot be accurately initiated and evaluated using measured soil P indexes. In this study, a novel legacy P assessment (LePA) model was developed according to empirical equations about crop P uptake, soil Olsen-P, and total P from two long-term fertilizer experiments in typical calcareous and acidic soils in China. We used the DPPS (dynamic phosphorus pool simulator) model as a contrast model to estimate the simulation accuracy of the new LePA model. The calibration and validation datasets for both models were set-up by collecting data from two long-term fertilizer experiments in typical calcareous and acidic soils in China. The results showed that the LePA model simulated crop P uptake similar to the DPPS model in calcareous soil. While the DPPS model failed to depict crop P uptake under low pH conditions, the LePA model worked well after modification when limited crop growth caused by acidic conditions was considered. Moreover, the LePA model can also predict changes in soil TP and Olsen-P with P fertilizer application, which are new functions compared with the DPPS model. Based on a scenario analysis generated by the LePA model, P fertilizer application could be reduced by 52% in Yangling and 46% in Qiyang compared with the conventional application rate during this period to maintain the current yields if soil legacy P can be utilized efficiently. The LePA model is a useful tool for guiding soil P management from the field to country scales.

Build-up in soil available P and yield response of spring wheat to seed-placed P in a 24-year study in the Brown Soil zone

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
F. Selles
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Available P ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Soil Available P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Responses

Producers in western Canada have applied phosphorus (P) fertilizer to annual crops for many years. This has increased soil available P and gradually decreased the expected yield response to P fertilization, but yield responses to small amounts of P placed with the seed are still reported regardless of soil available P levels. Controlled growth chamber studies suggest that the P responses should be most apparent during cool, wet springs. This 24-yr field study compared the yields of two fallow–spring wheat–spring wheat (F–W–W) systems, one fertilized with N and P each crop year, and the other fertilized with only N. The study, which was part of a long-term crop rotation experiment, was conducted on an Orthic Brown Chernozemic loam at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Bicarbonate-extractable P (Olsen P) in the 0- to 15-cm depth in spring of the treatment receiving no P remained relatively constant (about 19 kg ha−1) throughout the study, while P fertilizer application at 6.5 kg ha−1 yr−1 increased extractable soil P by about 0.9 kg ha−1 yr−1. However, this increase in available P has not reduced yield responses to seed-placed P over the years. Regression analysis showed that yield response to P on fallow soil was positively related to temperature between emergence and the three-leaf stage and to precipitation at dough stage, but negatively related to precipitation near seeding time. For wheat grown on stubble, response to P was negatively related to temperature between 10 and 16 June (i.e., about the three- to four-leaf stage) and positively to precipitation received at anthesis stage. We concluded that, although available P in prairie soils has probably increased in recent years, producers can still expect to receive a 10% yield increase when small amounts of P are applied with the seed.Key words: Crop rotations, bicarbonate-extractable P, Olsen P, temperature effects, effect of precipitation

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