Inter-individual and seasonal weight variation in rural Nepali women

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Panter-Brick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Age Related

SummaryChanges in body weight were examined for non-pregnant women in rural Nepal, using 183 anthropometric measures between the early winter and monsoon seasons in 1982, 1982–83, 1990–91 and 1993. The women gained weight when work loads decreased after the monsoon, but despite substantial changes in total energy expenditure, which were out of phase with changes in food intake, seasonal changes were small, averaging only up to 2.6% of initial body weight.There were notable differences between individual women, changes in body weight ranging from-5·6 kg to 4·8 kg. Weight change was examined with respect to lactation status, age, body mass index, mid upper arm circumference and skinfolds as well as total energy expenditure and intake. Non-lactating women, very thin women and women aged under 25 years gained more weight than their counterparts, both before and after the monsoon. Data for a sub-sample in 1982–83 indicated that women who maintained high physical activity levels throughout the year were less prone to weight loss than women whose activity fluctuated between seasons. Initial energy reserves, age-related maturation factors, levels of physical activity and energy intake combine to produce the notable inter-individual variation in body weight changes observed in this population.

Caloric Intake and Energy Expenditures in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Eli ◽  
Nicholas Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Abstract Total energy expenditures for the Indian population between 1983 and 2012 are estimated to shed light on the debate concerning falling measured caloric intake during the period (A. Deaton and J. Drèze. 2009. “Food and Nutrition in India: Facts and Interpretations.” Economic and Political Weekly 44(7): 42–65). Anthropometric, time-use, and detailed employment surveys are used to estimate the separate components of total energy expenditure related to metabolism and physical activity levels. Despite a significant drop in adult physical activity levels, total energy expenditures are flat overall between 1983 and 2012. Rising metabolic requirements due to increases in weight dampened the effect of falling activity levels on total energy expenditure. In addition, the 10 percent decline in the population share of children in the period raised average total energy expenditures considerably as children have much lower metabolic requirements and activity levels than adults.

The association of change in physical activity and body weight in the regulation of total energy expenditure

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Drenowatz ◽  
J O Hill ◽  
J C Peters ◽  
A Soriano-Maldonado ◽  
S N Blair
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure

The Role of Park Conditions and Features on Park Visitation and Physical Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s2) ◽  
pp. S178-S187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane L. Rung ◽  
Andrew J. Mowen ◽  
Stephanie T. Broyles ◽  
Jeanette Gustat
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Area ◽  
Basketball Court ◽  
Activity Areas

Background:Neighborhood parks play an important role in promoting physical activity. We examined the effect of activity area, condition, and presence of supporting features on number of park users and park-based physical activity levels.Methods:37 parks and 154 activity areas within parks were assessed during summer 2008 for their features and park-based physical activity. Outcomes included any park use, number of park users, mean and total energy expenditure. Independent variables included type and condition of activity area, supporting features, size of activity area, gender, and day of week. Multilevel models controlled for clustering of observations at activity area and park levels.Results:Type of activity area was associated with number of park users, mean and total energy expenditure, with basketball courts having the highest number of users and total energy expenditure, and playgrounds having the highest mean energy expenditure. Condition of activity areas was positively associated with number of basketball court users and inversely associated with number of green space users and total green space energy expenditure. Various supporting features were both positively and negatively associated with each outcome.Conclusions:This study provides evidence regarding characteristics of parks that can contribute to achieving physical activity goals within recreational spaces.

scholarly journals Estimating energy requirements: regression based prediction equations or multiples of resting metabolic rate

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (7a) ◽  
pp. 1184-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I Goran
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Alternative Approaches

AbstractEnergy requirements have traditionally been determined based on multiples of resting metabolic rate (RMR), known as Physical Activity Levels (PAL). With more data from doubly labelled water studies alternative approaches for estimating energy requirements have been suggested. Statistical analysis reveals that body weight explains more of the variance in total energy expenditure (TEE) than does RMR. The explanation for this phenomenon is that body weight contributes to the variance of both RMR and the other major determinant of TEE, i.e. physical activity related energy expenditure. Thus, in effect, the regression-based approach provides a more physiological appropriate model for TEE. Its major departure from tradition, difference from current adult proposals, and time taken for acceptance are the disadvantages of the regression-based approach.

scholarly journals Total energy expenditure in patients with colorectal cancer: associations with body composition, physical activity, and energy recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Purcell ◽  
Sarah A Elliott ◽  
Peter J Walter ◽  
Tom Preston ◽  
Hongyi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass

ABSTRACT Background Total energy expenditure (TEE) data in patients with early-stage cancer are scarce, precluding an understanding of energy requirements. Objective The objective was to cross-sectionally characterize TEE in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to compare measured TEE with energy recommendations. It was hypothesized that TEE would differ according to body mass, body composition, and physical activity level (PAL) and current energy recommendations would have poor individual-level accuracy. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed CRC had resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry and TEE by doubly labeled water. Hypermetabolism was defined as REE > 110% of that predicted from the Mifflin St.-Jeor equation. Body composition was assessed via DXA. Physical activity was determined as the ratio of TEE to REE (TEE:REE) (PAL) and residual activity energy expenditure (RAEE). TEE was compared with energy recommendations of 25–30 kcal/d and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) using Bland–Altman analyses. Patients were stratified according to median BMI, PAL, and sex-specific ratio of fat mass (FM) to fat-free mass (FFM). Results Twenty-one patients (M:F 14:7; mean ± SD BMI: 28.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2, age: 57 ± 12 y) were included. Most (n = 20) had stage II–III disease; 1 had stage IV. Approximately half (n = 11) were hypermetabolic; TEE was not different in those with hypermetabolism and REE as a percentage of predicted was not correlated with TEE. Mean ± SD TEE was 2473 ± 499 kcal/d (range: 1562–3622 kcal/d), or 29.7 ± 6.3 kcal/kg body weight (range: 20.4–48.5 kcal/kg body weight). Mean ± SD PAL was 1.43 ± 0.27. The energy recommendation of 25 kcal/kg underestimated TEE (−12.6% ± 16.5%, P = 0.002); all energy recommendations had wide limits of agreement (the smallest was DRI with measured PAL: −21.2% to 29.3%). Patients with higher BMI and FM:FFM had higher bias using kilocalories per kilogram recommendations; bias from several recommendations was frequently lower (i.e. underestimation) in patients with higher PAL and RAEE. Conclusions TEE variability was not reflected in energy recommendations and error was related to body weight, body composition, and physical activity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03131921.

Determination of total energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate and physical activity in lean and overweight people

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thielecke ◽  
J. Möseneder ◽  
A. Kroke ◽  
K. Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
H. Boeing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Overweight People

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Measured with the Bicarbonate-Urea Method in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. J. Paton ◽  
M. Elia ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
G. Jennings ◽  
D. C. MacAllan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Urea Method ◽  
Resting Energy

1. Our objectives were to measure total energy expenditure, the daily variation in total energy expenditure and the physical activity level in a group of HIV-positive subjects using the bicarbonate-urea method. The study also aimed to assess the practicalities of using the bicarbonate-urea technique in free-living conditions. 2. Total energy expenditure was measured with the bicarbonate-urea method over 2 consecutive days (1 day in one subject) in 10 male patients with HIV infection (median CD4 count = 30). Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Physical activity level (total energy expenditure/resting energy expenditure) was calculated from these measurements and from activity diaries. 3. Resting energy expenditure was found to be 7.46 ± 0.87 MJ/day, 5% higher than predicted values. Total energy expenditure was 10.69 ± 1.95 MJ/day with an intra-individual day-to-day variation of 6 ± 6%. The measured physical activity level was 1.42 ± 0.14, higher than the diary estimate of 1.34 ± 0.16 (P = 0.029), and there were large inter-method differences in individual values. The subcutaneous infusion of bicarbonate was well tolerated and did not seem to restrict normal activities. 4. Total energy expenditure was not elevated in the group of HIV-positive subjects when compared with reference values for normal subjects. The physical activity level of the patients in this study was lower than that measured using other techniques in healthy young men, but was compatible with that expected for people leading a sedentary lifestyle. Reductions in physical activity in patients with HIV are likely to contribute to the wasting process and physical activity level may thus be a clinically useful measure. This study has also provided the first tracer estimate of the day-to-day variation in total energy expenditure. The bicarbonate-urea method represents an important new investigative tool for measuring total energy expenditure which has previously only been possible within the confines of a whole-body calorimeter or using the expensive doubly labelled water method.

scholarly journals Low physical activity reduces total energy expenditure in women with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for dietary intake recommendations

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronenn Roubenoff ◽  
Joseph Walsmith ◽  
Nancy Lundgren ◽  
Laura Snydman ◽  
Gregory J Dolnikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure
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