Subsequent pregnancy affects morbidity of previous child

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Bøhler ◽  
Staffan Bergström
Keyword(s):  
Birth Interval ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Previous Child ◽  
Subsequent Birth ◽  
Study Child ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

SummaryA prospective study of 113 children in rural Bhutan registered their morbidity and weight and their mothers' subsequent pregnancies, monthly for 32 months during the children's first 3 years of life. Children whose mothers had a subsequent birth interval of 18–30 months had an incidence of diarrhoea during the subsequent pregnancy 50% higher than their matched cohort whose mothers did not become pregnant (p=0·02). The relative risk for diarrhoea calculated from pooled child months was 1·51. Children whose mothers became pregnant also tended to have a higher incidence of skin infections.Children, whose mothers were pregnant when they terminated breastfeeding, experienced an increased incidence of diarrhoea around weaning (p=0·01). Children weaned at the same age from non-pregnant mothers did not show increased morbidity.This study, for the first time, relates observations of children's morbidity directly in time to the occurrence of the mother's subsequent pregnancy, and provides evidence of a causal relationship between a moderately short subsequent birth interval and a concurrent increase in morbidity for the study child.

scholarly journals HT-SuMD: Making Molecular Dynamics Simulations Suitable for Fragment-Based Screening. a Comparative Study with NMR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ferrari ◽  
Maicol Bissaro ◽  
Simone Fabbian ◽  
Jessica de Almeida Roger ◽  
Stefano Mammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Solution Nmr ◽  
Protein Recognition ◽  
Fragment Screening ◽  
Fragment Library ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Established Technique ◽  
State Of Art

<p>In this manuscript, for the first time, we presented a fragment library and we validated its performance by comparison with a well-established technique for fragment screening as solution NMR. We were able to screen 400 different fragments producing a total of 1200 independent fragment-protein recognition pathways. As far as we know, this represents the largest screening based on Molecular dynamics ever reported. Our simulations successfully detected the true binders in the library in a prospective study, showing a notable agreement with a state-of-art screening we performed by NMR on the same dataset.</p>

Prospective Evaluation of Percutaneous Central Venous Silastic Catheters in Newborn Infants With Birth Weights of 510 o 3,920 Grams

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Durand ◽  
Rangasamy Ramanathan ◽  
Bruce Martinelli ◽  
Milagros Tolentino
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Central Venous Catheters ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Percutaneous Central Venous Catheters

With improved neonatal survival, especially of very low birth weight infants, our efforts should be directed toward reduction of morbidity. Sick preterm infants require total parenteral nutrition for prolonged periods of time due to extreme prematurity and feeding intolerance. However, the use of surgically placed Broviac catheters has been associated with a high complication rate. A prospective study of 53 percutaneous central venous Silastic catheterizations for administration of total parenteral nutrition was performed in 45 newborn infants. At the time of catheter insertion, 37 babies weighed less than 1,500 g and 19 weighed less than 1,000 g. Percutaneous central venous catheters were placed successfully the first time in 50 of 55 attempts. In three babies, insertion was successful on second attempt. The catheters remained in place for 25.4 ± 16.7 days ([mean ± SD] range two to 80 days). In babies weighing less than 1,000 g, the catheters remained in place for a longer period of time (34.0 ± 18.0; range 12 to 80 days). Sixty-six percent of the catheters were removed electively. There were four cases of bacteremia (7.5%), and the overall incidence of mechanical complications was 26.4%. We conclude that percutaneous central venous catheters can be used safely and effectively in newborn infants for prolonged administration of total parenteral nutrition, especially in neonates weighing less than 1,000 g.

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin G: Anti-Biofilm, Anti-Persister Activities, and Potentiator Effect of Tobramycin Efficacy Against Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9410
Author(s):  
Bruno Casciaro ◽  
Maria Rosa Loffredo ◽  
Floriana Cappiello ◽  
Guendalina Fabiano ◽  
Luisa Torrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Persister Cells ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Skin Infections ◽  
First Time

Bacterial biofilms are a serious threat for human health, and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is one of the microorganisms that can easily switch from a planktonic to a sessile lifestyle, providing protection from a large variety of adverse environmental conditions. Dormant non-dividing cells with low metabolic activity, named persisters, are tolerant to antibiotic treatment and are the principal cause of recalcitrant and resistant infections, including skin infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promise as new anti-infective agents to treat such infections. Here for the first time, we investigated the activity of the frog-skin AMP temporin G (TG) against preformed S. aureus biofilm including persisters, as well as its efficacy in combination with tobramycin, in inhibiting S. aureus growth. TG was found to provoke ~50 to 100% reduction of biofilm viability in the concentration range from 12.5 to 100 µM vs ATCC and clinical isolates and to be active against persister cells (about 70–80% killing at 50–100 µM). Notably, sub-inhibitory concentrations of TG in combination with tobramycin were able to significantly reduce S. aureus growth, potentiating the antibiotic power. No critical cytotoxicity was detected when TG was tested in vitro up to 100 µM against human keratinocytes, confirming its safety profile for the development of a new potential anti-infective drug, especially for treatment of bacterial skin infections.

scholarly journals Effect of anemia on pregnancy outcome: a prospective study at tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5379
Author(s):  
Chintan Upadhyay ◽  
Nisha Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy leads to preterm birth, low birth weight and small-for-gestational age babies and increases incidence of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and the reason for the incidence of PPH is higher in India compared with the rest of the world. The objective of this study was to find association between maternal anaemia and neonatal complications and to find long term morbidity and mortality of babies born to anaemic mothers.Methods: It is a prospective study done at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore during October 2009 to October 2011. All subjects were analyzed in full details and haemoglobin estimation done during 1st visit, at 30th week and 36th week of gestation.Results: Study observed moderate anaemia observed in almost 53.0% cases followed by mild (29.5%) and severe (17.5%) respectively. Risk factors present in 58.0% cases and maternal complications in puerperium observed in 14.5% cases. High incidence of adverse foetal outcome in the form of preterm (20%), IUGR (28%), NICU admission (25.5%) and IUD (3%) seen in present study. Study found association between space between pregnancy, LSCS and fetal outcome with severity of anaemia. Ensuring maternal iron sufficiency during gestation is the most cost-effective method of preventing perinatal iron deficiency and related morbidities.Conclusions: Iron supplementation during pregnancy in iron deficient mothers improves iron status during pregnancy and postpartum period, thus providing some protection against iron deficiency in the subsequent pregnancy. Proper antenatal care is the basic requirement for prevention, early detection and treatment of anaemia.

A prospective study of postnatal depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in first-time fathers

2019 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Da Costa ◽  
Coraline Danieli ◽  
Michal Abrahamowicz ◽  
Kaberi Dasgupta ◽  
Maida Sewitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time

Antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci from canine pyoderma: a prospective study of first-time and recurrent cases in Sweden

2002 ◽  
Vol 151 (20) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Holm ◽  
U. Petersson ◽  
A. Morner ◽  
K. Bergstrom ◽  
A. Franklin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time

Demographic and Maternal Correlates of Infant and Child Mortality in Bangladesh

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Edmonston
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Subsequent Birth ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
Infant And Child Health ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Health Programmes

SummaryThis paper analyses the influence of maternal factors (mother's age, parity, prior birth interval, and subsequent birth interval) on mortality risk for 2150 Bangladeshi infants and children, taking the sex and age of the child into account. Logistic regression estimates from retrospective maternal birth histories for the period 1966–75 reveal age and sex patterns consistent with previous research. These estimates also demonstrate that there are associations with mother's age and parity, but that prior birth interval emerges as the strongest predictor of mortality risk. It appears that part of the mortality risk of mother's age and parity actually stems from association with shorter prior birth interval, a factor to which infant and child health programmes need to give more attention.

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