DGAT1 polymorphism in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Shenhe Liu ◽  
Zipeng Li ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Guohua Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Dgat1 Gene ◽  
Swamp Buffalo

This Research Communication describes the polymorphisms in the coding region of DGAT1 gene in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo, and associations between polymorphisms and milk production performance in Riverine buffalo. Two polymorphisms of DGAT1were identified, located in exon 13 and exon 17, respectively. The distribution of the genotypes of the two SNP loci in different buffalo population varied, especially the polymorphism located in exon 13 which was not found in the Swamp buffalo. Moreover, SNP located in exon 17 was a nonsynonymous switch resulting in the animo acid sequence changed from an arginine (Arg) to a histidine (His) at position 484. Both SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the polymorphism of g.8330T>C in the exon 13 was significantly associated with peak milk yield, total milk yield and protein percentage. The C variant was associated with an increase in milk yield and peak yield but less in protein percentage compared with the T variant. The polymorphisms of g.9046T>C in exon 17 were significantly associated with fat percentage, in that the buffaloes with TT genotype had a significantly higher fat percentage than those with CC genotype. These findings reveal the difference in the genetic evolution of the DGAT1 between Riverine buffalo and Swamp buffalo, and provide evidence that the DGAT1 gene has potential effects for Riverine buffalo milk production traits, which can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in buffalo breeding.

Using quantile regression for fitting lactation curve in dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Hossein Naeemipour Younesi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Shariati ◽  
Saeed Zerehdaran ◽  
Mehdi Jabbari Nooghabi ◽  
Peter Løvendahl
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Breeding Center

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to compare the performance of different ‘nonlinear quantile regression’ models evaluated at theτth quantile (0·25, 0·50, and 0·75) of milk production traits and somatic cell score (SCS) in Iranian Holstein dairy cows. Data were collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran from 1991 to 2011, comprising 101 051 monthly milk production traits and SCS records of 13 977 cows in 183 herds. Incomplete gamma (Wood), exponential (Wilmink), Dijkstra and polynomial (Ali & Schaeffer) functions were implemented in the quantile regression. Residual mean square, Akaike information criterion and log-likelihood from different models and quantiles indicated that in the same quantile, the best models were Wilmink for milk yield, Dijkstra for fat percentage and Ali & Schaeffer for protein percentage. Over all models the best model fit occurred at quantile 0·50 for milk yield, fat and protein percentage, whereas, for SCS the 0·25th quantile was best. The best model to describe SCS was Dijkstra at quantiles 0·25 and 0·50, and Ali & Schaeffer at quantile 0·75. Wood function had the worst performance amongst all traits. Quantile regression is specifically appropriate for SCS which has a mixed multimodal distribution.

scholarly journals Associations between polymorphisms of SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B genes and Milk production traits in Chinese Holstein

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruike Jia ◽  
Yihan Fu ◽  
Lingna Xu ◽  
Houcheng Li ◽  
Yanhua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Percentage Protein

Abstract Background Our preliminary work confirmed that, SLC22A7 (solute carrier family 22 member 7), NGFR (nerve growth factor receptor), ARNTL (aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like) and PPP2R2B (protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Bβ) genes were differentially expressed in dairy cows during different stages of lactation, and involved in the lipid metabolism through insulin, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, AMPK, mTOR, and PPAR signaling pathways, so we considered these four genes as the candidates affecting milk production traits. In this study, we detected polymorphisms of the four genes and verified their genetic effects on milk yield and composition traits in a Chinese Holstein cow population. Results By resequencing the whole coding region and part of the flanking region of SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B, we totally found 20 SNPs, of which five were located in SLC22A7, eight in NGFR, three in ARNTL, and four in PPP2R2B. Using Haploview4.2, we found three haplotype blocks including five SNPs in SLC22A7, eight in NGFR and three in ARNTL. Single-SNP association analysis showed that 19 out of 20 SNPs were significantly associated with at least one of milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield or protein percentage in the first and second lactations (P < 0.05). Haplotype-based association analysis showed that the three haplotypes were significantly associated with at least one of milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield or protein percentage (P < 0.05). Further, we used SOPMA software to predict a SNP, 19:g.37095131C > T in NGFR, changed the structure of NGFR protein. In addition, we used Jaspar software to found that four SNPs, 19:g.37113872C > G,19:g.37113157C > T, and 19:g.37112276C > T in NGFR and 15:g.39320936A > G in ARNTL, could change the transcription factor binding sites and might affect the expression of the corresponding genes. These five SNPs might be the potential functional mutations for milk production traits in dairy cattle. Conclusions In summary, we proved that SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B have significant genetic effects on milk production traits. The valuable SNPs can be used as candidate genetic markers for genomic selection of dairy cattle, and the effects of these SNPs on other traits need to be further verified.

AGPAT3 Gene polymorphisms are associated with milk production traits in Chinese Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Sun ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Qisong Gao ◽  
Jiahe Guo ◽  
Cheng Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

Abstract The current study reports the identification of previously undiscovered single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine AGPAT3 gene and further investigates their associations with milk production traits. Our results demonstrate that the major allele C of the SNP g.12264 C > T is positively correlated with test-day milk yield, protein percentage and 305-day milk yield. Importantly, in silico analysis showed that the C/T transition at this locus gives rise to two new transcription factor binding sites (TFBS), E2F1 and Nkx3-2. Polymorphism g.18658 G > A was the only SNP associated with milk urea nitrogen (MUN) with the G allele related to an increase in milk urea nitrogen as well as fat percentage. The GG genotype of SNP g.28731 A > G was associated with the highest fat and protein percentage and lowest 305-day milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS). The association between AGPAT3 locus and milk production traits could be utilized in marker-assisted selection for the genetic improvement of milk production traits and, probably in conjunction with other traits, for selection to improve fitness of dairy cattle.

scholarly journals To the question of evaluating the efficiency of linear breeding in Simmental cattle breed different origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Konte ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The purpose of the research – to study the impact of related foreign pedigree resources on the Russian population of Simmental cattle. Research Methods. Studies carried out on cows of Simmental breed of different linear origin and genotypes in five regions of Russian Federation: Voronezh, Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod regions and Altayskiy krai, the total number was 35147 cows. EBV estimates were calculated through RENUMF 90, REMLF 90 and BLUPF 90 programs. Evaluation of the components of the variants of genetic and paratypical nature was carried out using the method restricted maximum likelihood – REML. Results. It is established that the largest share for animals foreign origin are 60.7 %, including German-Austrian bloodlines 46.6 % and Holsteins – 14.1 %. 39.3 % of animals are the Russian origin, which 13.5 % representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines, 17.8 % are Holsteins and 8.0 % are from domestic (Russian) bloodlines. In the general population of Simmental breed, the best productivity was shown by cows of German-Austrian bloodlines at the level of 5351 kg of milk with fat percentage 4.00 % and protein percentage 3.19 %. Representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines origin for milk yield showed the estimated breeding value (EBV) for Simmental bulls in the common population by +9.2 kg and fat percentage by +0.012 %. The negative EBV values were obtained for Russian bloodlines by –22.8 kg, and Holstein bloodlines took an intermediate position among all lines (+2.3 kg). The first calving cows, which were in the herd at the time of research, the best milk production traits were found in individuals of foreign origin, both for Holstein (6096 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.96 % and protein 3.23 %), and German-Austrian bloodlines (milk yield 5763 kg, fat 4.04 % and protein 3.19 %), with high estimates of breeding value for milk yield +33.3 kg and +15.2 kg, respectively. Low values of milk productivity among all evaluated animals were observed for animals of Russian bloodlines by 4469 kg milk 3.87 % fat and 3.20 % protein in milk. The first calving cows of Russian origin in foreign bloodlines origin exceeded their peers in Russian Simmental bloodlines in milk production by +608 kg of milk and +0.15 % fat (signed to German-Austrian bloodlines) and +924 kg and +0.06 % fat (signed to Holstein bloodlines). The average values of EBV in these lines, although had low values by –5.6 kg milk for Holstein and by +2.7 kg milk for German-Austrian bloodlines, but was significantly higher than for Russian lines by –12.7 kg milk. Scientific novelty. For the first time, scientific research aimed at improving the system of prediction to breeding abilities of bulls on dairy productivity of daughters based on optimization structure of equations of the mixed model (BLUP, the best linear unbiased prediction) has been carried out for the population Simmental cattle of Russian Federation.

EFFECTS OF TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON MILK PRODUCTION

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
JOHN HODGES ◽  
P. G. HILEY ◽  
J. FROESE
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Change Period ◽  
Percentage Protein

The effects on production of moving a herd of 27 Ayrshire milking cows from one environment to a totally different one, with changed methods of feeding, milking and housing, were studied. Following a pre-change period of 105 days, during which each cow was recorded on alternate days for yield of milk and fat, lactose and protein percentages, the immediate effects of the change, the recovery if any, and permanent changes in production were analyzed over a 19-day period. All traits were affected in mean levels, except protein percentage. Milk yield fell by 2.6 kg (13.0%), fat percentage increased by 0.43 units (10.0%), and lactose percentage fell by 0.23 units (4.8%). Protein percentage was unaltered throughout. Milk yield and lactose percentage did not change after the immediate drop. Fat percentage returned linearly from the initial increase, to expectation at 11 days after the change, and continued to decline for another 8 days. The variances of all the traits were temporarily inflated by factors of 2,5,3 and 3 for milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage and lactose percentage, respectively. The gradual decline to normal, pre-change variance levels took 7–8 days for compositional traits and 10 days for milk yield. Estimates of these means, variances and coefficients of variation are given.

scholarly journals Genetic Effects of LPIN1 Polymorphisms on Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Han ◽  
Yuwei Yuan ◽  
Ruobing Liang ◽  
Yanhua Li ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Haplotype Blocks ◽  
Flanking Region ◽  
Fat Yield

Our initial RNA sequencing work identified that lipin 1 (LPIN1) was differentially expressed during dry period, early lactation, and peak of lactation in dairy cows, and it was enriched into the fat metabolic Gene Ontology (GO) terms and pathways, thus we considered LPIN1 as the candidate gene for milk production traits. In this study, we detected the polymorphisms of LPIN1 and verified their genetic effects on milk yield and composition in a Chinese Holstein cow population. We found seven SNPs by re-sequencing the entire coding region and partial flanking region of LPIN1, including one in 5′ flanking region, four in exons, and two in 3′ flanking region. Of these, four SNPs, c.637T > C, c.708A > G, c.1521C > T, and c.1555A > C, in the exons were predicted to result in the amino acid replacements. With the Haploview 4.2, we found that seven SNPs in LPIN1 formed two haplotype blocks (D′ = 0.98–1.00). Single-SNP association analyses showed that SNPs were significantly associated with milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, or protein yield in the first or second lactation (p = < 0.0001–0.0457), and only g.86049389C > T was strongly associated with protein percentage in both lactations (p = 0.0144 and 0.0237). The haplotype-based association analyses showed that the two haplotype blocks were significantly associated with milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, or protein percentage (p = < 0.0001–0.0383). By quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), we found that LPIN1 had relatively high expression in mammary gland and liver tissues. Furthermore, we predicted three SNPs, c.637T > C, c.708A > G, and c.1521C > T, using SOPMA software, changing the LPIN1 protein structure that might be potential functional mutations. In summary, we demonstrated the significant genetic effects of LPIN1 on milk production traits, and the identified SNPs could serve as genetic markers for dairy breeding.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for production traits in Holstein and Jersey from Colombia

2015 ◽  
pp. 4962-4973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rincón F ◽  
Juan Zambrano A ◽  
Julián Echeverri
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
The Tropics

ABSTRACT Objective. Determine the genetic and phenotypic parameters for milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage and somatic cell score. Materials and methods. 18134 lactation records were used to Holstein and 1377 lactations for Jersey in different herds. The (co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using the software Multiple Trait Derivative-Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood MTDFREML. Results. The Holstein and Jersey heritability’s (and standard error) for milk yield were: 0.16 (0.082) and 0.15 (0.306), 0.30 (0.079) and 0.37 (0.319) for protein percentage, 0.32 (0.076) and 0.46 (0.313) for fat percentage and for somatic cell score were: 0.01 (0.054) and 0.01 (0.233), respectively. The largest genetic correlations were found between the percentage of fat and percentage of protein, with values of 0.82 (0.126) and 0.98 (0.852) for Holstein and Jersey respectively. The lowest correlations were between fat percentage and somatic cell score with -0.01 (1.147) and -0.01 (1. 734). Phenotypic correlations were generally found low and repeatability showed a significant effect of permanent environment on milk production per lactation. Conclusions. It is important to emphasize the development of research to help guide breeding programs in the tropics, using selection indices of multi-traits.

scholarly journals Effect of DGAT1 polymorphisms on the estimated breeding values of Czech Simmental sires

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hanusová ◽  
A. Míková ◽  
L. Večerek ◽  
D. Schroeffelová ◽  
V. Řehout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Dgat1 Gene ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values

The aim was to evaluate the effect of polymorphisms in the promoter and in the coding region of the DGAT1 gene on the estimated breeding values (EBV) of Czech Simmental sires. The K232A polymorphism (n = 191) in the coding region was genotyped by PCR/RFLP, and the KU and SA polymorphisms in the promoter (n = 203) were identified in an automatic sequencer. In the K232A polymorphism, the frequency of the genotype AA (Alanine) was greater than that of the genotype KA, the homozygous genotype KK (Lysine) was not found. Similarly, the allele A predominated over the K allele (0.945 and 0.055). The EBV for milk performance have been assigned to the genotypes, and the associations quantified. For the AA genotype and A allele, positive association with EBV of milk yield and protein yield was found, and negative association with the breeding values of fat percentage and yield, and protein percentage, but only the value of fat content was found to be significant. The positive non-significant association of the A variant with the protein yield was caused by the high milk yield. In the KU polymorphism, the CC genotype was associated significantly with lower EBV for the fat percentage, both the C allele and the CC genotype were associated with higher EBV for milk yield, so both the fat and the protein yield were non-significantly increased. For the diplotypes K232A/KU, there was a significant association with the fat percentage. The AACC combination seemed to have some breeding potential. The K232A polymorphism explained maximum of 6.2% of EBV variability, the KU polymorphism of 4.4%, and the SA polymorphism of 4.2%. The diplotypes K232A/KU explained maximum of 7.4% of variability. The highest proportion of variability was explained for fat percentage. The results confirmed the important role of the BTA14 region in controlling milk performance. &nbsp;

Association of MAP4K4 gene single nucleotide polymorphism with mastitis and milk traits in Chinese Holstein cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Bhattarai ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Zia ur Rehman ◽  
Xingjie Hao ◽  
Farman Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Protein Percentage

The objective of the studies presented in this Research Communication was to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms present in the MAP4K4 gene with different milk traits in dairy cows. Based on previous QTL fine mapping results on bovine chromosome 11, the MAP4K4 gene was selected as a candidate gene to evaluate its effect on somatic cell count and milk traits in ChineseHolstein cows. Milk production traits including milk yield, fat percentage, and protein percentage of each cow were collected using 305 d lactation records. Association between MAP4K4 genotype and different traits and Somatic Cell Score (SCS) was performed using General Linear Regression Model of R. Two SNPs at exon 18 (c.2061T > G and c.2196T > C) with genotype TT in both SNPs were found significantly higher for somatic SCS. We found the significant effect of exon 18 (c.2061T > G) on protein percentage, milk yield and SCS. We identified SNPs at different location of MAP4K4 gene of the cattle and several of them were significantly associated with the somatic cell score and other different milk traits. Thus, MAP4K4 gene could be a useful candidate gene for selection of dairy cattle against mastitis and the identified polymorphisms might potentially be strong genetic markers.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between polymorphisms of leptin and IGF-1 genes with milk yield in indicine and taurine crossbred cows

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rayees Dar ◽  
Mahendra Singh ◽  
Sunita Thakur ◽  
Archana Verma
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Karan Fries ◽  
Apparently Healthy

ABSTRACTLeptin and IGF-1 plays a significant role in milk production and lactation in bovines. The present investigation was carried out to identify the novel polymorphisms in exon 3 region of leptin gene and exon 3 + partial intron 3 of IGF-1 gene and to analyze their association with the milk production performance in indicine and taurine crossbred (Karan Fries) cows. Blood samples were collected from 160 apparently healthy Karan Fries cows. Four SNPs at positions rs29004508 (C>T), rs29004509 (C>T), rs29004510 (T>C), rs29004511 (T>C) in Leptin gene and two SNPs at positions rs133251968 (C>A), rs137289661(C>T) in IGF-1 gene were found in Karan Fries cows, however rs29004509 (C>T) had positive correlation (p<0.05) with milk yield. The genetic variants observed in exon 3 region of leptin gene and their association with milk yield traits revealed the importance of CT genotype, which had been useful for genetic improvement of Karan Fries cow for milk production traits and can also be utilized as a potential genetic marker to select appropriate animals.

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