To the question of evaluating the efficiency of linear breeding in Simmental cattle breed different origin

Abstract. The purpose of the research – to study the impact of related foreign pedigree resources on the Russian population of Simmental cattle. Research Methods. Studies carried out on cows of Simmental breed of different linear origin and genotypes in five regions of Russian Federation: Voronezh, Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod regions and Altayskiy krai, the total number was 35147 cows. EBV estimates were calculated through RENUMF 90, REMLF 90 and BLUPF 90 programs. Evaluation of the components of the variants of genetic and paratypical nature was carried out using the method restricted maximum likelihood – REML. Results. It is established that the largest share for animals foreign origin are 60.7 %, including German-Austrian bloodlines 46.6 % and Holsteins – 14.1 %. 39.3 % of animals are the Russian origin, which 13.5 % representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines, 17.8 % are Holsteins and 8.0 % are from domestic (Russian) bloodlines. In the general population of Simmental breed, the best productivity was shown by cows of German-Austrian bloodlines at the level of 5351 kg of milk with fat percentage 4.00 % and protein percentage 3.19 %. Representatives of German-Austrian bloodlines origin for milk yield showed the estimated breeding value (EBV) for Simmental bulls in the common population by +9.2 kg and fat percentage by +0.012 %. The negative EBV values were obtained for Russian bloodlines by –22.8 kg, and Holstein bloodlines took an intermediate position among all lines (+2.3 kg). The first calving cows, which were in the herd at the time of research, the best milk production traits were found in individuals of foreign origin, both for Holstein (6096 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.96 % and protein 3.23 %), and German-Austrian bloodlines (milk yield 5763 kg, fat 4.04 % and protein 3.19 %), with high estimates of breeding value for milk yield +33.3 kg and +15.2 kg, respectively. Low values of milk productivity among all evaluated animals were observed for animals of Russian bloodlines by 4469 kg milk 3.87 % fat and 3.20 % protein in milk. The first calving cows of Russian origin in foreign bloodlines origin exceeded their peers in Russian Simmental bloodlines in milk production by +608 kg of milk and +0.15 % fat (signed to German-Austrian bloodlines) and +924 kg and +0.06 % fat (signed to Holstein bloodlines). The average values of EBV in these lines, although had low values by –5.6 kg milk for Holstein and by +2.7 kg milk for German-Austrian bloodlines, but was significantly higher than for Russian lines by –12.7 kg milk. Scientific novelty. For the first time, scientific research aimed at improving the system of prediction to breeding abilities of bulls on dairy productivity of daughters based on optimization structure of equations of the mixed model (BLUP, the best linear unbiased prediction) has been carried out for the population Simmental cattle of Russian Federation.

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EFFICIENCY AND COMPARISON OF THE TEST-DAY MODEL AND BLUP METHOD MODIFICATIONS FOR ASSESSING BULLS BREEDING VALUE IN SIMMENTAL CATTLE BREED

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2020.46.43.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

А.И. МАМОНТОВА ◽

С.А. НИКИТИН ◽

Е.Е. МЕЛЬНИКОВА ◽

А.А. СЕРМЯГИН

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Cattle Breed ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Am1 Method ◽

Production Traits ◽

Genetic Trend ◽

Sire Model ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Simmental Cattle

Целью проведенных исследований являлась отработка и адаптация применения методик BLUP AM (Animal Model — модель животного) и TDM (Test-Day Model — модель тестового дня) для прогнозирования племенной ценности быков-производителей и оценки селекционно-генетических параметров на популяции скота симментальской породы четырех регионов РФ. Проведен сравнительный анализ указанных методов с более ранним методом BLUP SM (Sire Model — модель отца). Рассчитана племенная ценность быков и коров симментальской породы по признакам молочной продуктивности: удой за 305 дней, выход молочного жира, выход молочного белка. Анализ полученных средних значений достоверности оценок быков-производителей, рассчитанных на основе сопоставляемых методов, свидетельствует, что достоверность для признака «удой за 305 дней» при переходе от метода SM1 к AM1 увеличивается на 2,4%, а при переходе от SM1 к TDM1 — на 7,8%. Даны варианты генетического тренда по удою с использованием различных уравнений моделей расчета племенной ценности. На основании полученных данных можно сделать вывод о том, что модель тестового дня позволяет не только повысить точность оценок быков, но и более рельефно выявить их ранги, а также несколько уменьшить срок получения достоверных оценок производителей по качеству потомства по продуктивным признакам. The purpose of this research was to develop and adapt the application of BLUP AM (Animal Model) and TDM (Test-Day Model) methods for predicting the sires breeding value and evaluating genetic parameters for Simmental cattle population in four regions of the Russian Federation. A comparative analysis of these methods with the earlier BLUP SM (Sire Model) method is performed. The breeding value for sires and cows of Simmental breed was calculated by milk production traits: milk yield for 305 days; milk fatyield; milk proteinyield. The sires reliability of average breeding value calculated by different methods reveal that milk yield for 305 days when switching from the SM1 to AM1 method increases by 2.4%, and when switching from SM1 to TDM1 — by 7.8%.The variants of the genetic trend for milk yield are given using various equations of BLUP and TDM. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that the Test-Day model allows increasing the accuracy of bull’s evaluation and also more clearly identifying their ranks, as well as slightly reducing the time for obtaining reliable estimates of bulls by offspring for production traits.

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Using quantile regression for fitting lactation curve in dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029919000013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Hossein Naeemipour Younesi ◽

Mohammad Mahdi Shariati ◽

Saeed Zerehdaran ◽

Mehdi Jabbari Nooghabi ◽

Peter Løvendahl

Keyword(s):

Quantile Regression ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Information Criterion ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Breeding Center

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to compare the performance of different ‘nonlinear quantile regression’ models evaluated at theτth quantile (0·25, 0·50, and 0·75) of milk production traits and somatic cell score (SCS) in Iranian Holstein dairy cows. Data were collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran from 1991 to 2011, comprising 101 051 monthly milk production traits and SCS records of 13 977 cows in 183 herds. Incomplete gamma (Wood), exponential (Wilmink), Dijkstra and polynomial (Ali & Schaeffer) functions were implemented in the quantile regression. Residual mean square, Akaike information criterion and log-likelihood from different models and quantiles indicated that in the same quantile, the best models were Wilmink for milk yield, Dijkstra for fat percentage and Ali & Schaeffer for protein percentage. Over all models the best model fit occurred at quantile 0·50 for milk yield, fat and protein percentage, whereas, for SCS the 0·25th quantile was best. The best model to describe SCS was Dijkstra at quantiles 0·25 and 0·50, and Ali & Schaeffer at quantile 0·75. Wood function had the worst performance amongst all traits. Quantile regression is specifically appropriate for SCS which has a mixed multimodal distribution.

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Associations between polymorphisms of SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B genes and Milk production traits in Chinese Holstein

BMC Genomic Data ◽

10.1186/s12863-021-01002-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ruike Jia ◽

Yihan Fu ◽

Lingna Xu ◽

Houcheng Li ◽

Yanhua Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Milk Production ◽

Association Analysis ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Fat Yield ◽

Percentage Protein

Abstract Background Our preliminary work confirmed that, SLC22A7 (solute carrier family 22 member 7), NGFR (nerve growth factor receptor), ARNTL (aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like) and PPP2R2B (protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Bβ) genes were differentially expressed in dairy cows during different stages of lactation, and involved in the lipid metabolism through insulin, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, AMPK, mTOR, and PPAR signaling pathways, so we considered these four genes as the candidates affecting milk production traits. In this study, we detected polymorphisms of the four genes and verified their genetic effects on milk yield and composition traits in a Chinese Holstein cow population. Results By resequencing the whole coding region and part of the flanking region of SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B, we totally found 20 SNPs, of which five were located in SLC22A7, eight in NGFR, three in ARNTL, and four in PPP2R2B. Using Haploview4.2, we found three haplotype blocks including five SNPs in SLC22A7, eight in NGFR and three in ARNTL. Single-SNP association analysis showed that 19 out of 20 SNPs were significantly associated with at least one of milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield or protein percentage in the first and second lactations (P < 0.05). Haplotype-based association analysis showed that the three haplotypes were significantly associated with at least one of milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield or protein percentage (P < 0.05). Further, we used SOPMA software to predict a SNP, 19:g.37095131C > T in NGFR, changed the structure of NGFR protein. In addition, we used Jaspar software to found that four SNPs, 19:g.37113872C > G,19:g.37113157C > T, and 19:g.37112276C > T in NGFR and 15:g.39320936A > G in ARNTL, could change the transcription factor binding sites and might affect the expression of the corresponding genes. These five SNPs might be the potential functional mutations for milk production traits in dairy cattle. Conclusions In summary, we proved that SLC22A7, NGFR, ARNTL and PPP2R2B have significant genetic effects on milk production traits. The valuable SNPs can be used as candidate genetic markers for genomic selection of dairy cattle, and the effects of these SNPs on other traits need to be further verified.

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Effect of DGAT1, BTN1A1, OLR1, and STAT1 genes on milk production and reproduction traits in the Czech Fleckvieh breed

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/7228-cjas ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 45-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Rychtářová ◽

Z. Sztankóová ◽

J. Kyselová ◽

V. Zink ◽

M. Štípková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Heterogeneous Effects ◽

Reproduction Traits ◽

Estimated Breeding Value ◽

The Impact

The impact of polymorphism of the diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1), butyrophilin (BTN1A1), oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (OLR1), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) genes on milk production and reproduction traits in 419 Czech Fleckvieh cows was examined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The loci DGAT1 and BTN1A1 were observed simultaneously to affect milk production, estimated breeding value of milk production traits, as well as reproduction parameters. Significant differences were found also between genotypes of the STAT1 loci in relation to estimated breeding value of milk production traits. Similar findings in pure dairy breeds suggest that heterogeneous effects of the observed loci can be explained by different genetic backgrounds in various breed populations selected to achieve different commercial goals. Thus, it is necessary to determine variability and influence of a molecular marker in a specific population when considering its inclusion into a breeding programme.  

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ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ СИММЕНТАЛЬСКИХ БЫКОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ПРИ ПЕРЕОЦЕНКЕ НА БАЗЕ ПЛЕМЕННЫХ РЕСУРСОВ РОССИИ

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2019.7.42226 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

A.A. SERMYAGIN ◽

L.P. IGNATIEVA ◽

S.A. SHEMETYUK ◽

S.N. KHARITONOV ◽

I. SOELKNER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Parameters ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Genetic Breeding ◽

Additional Information ◽

Livestock Population ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Simmental Cattle

Проведены сравнительные исследования по переоценке быковпроизводителей симментальской породы импортного происхождения на примере российской региональной популяции скота. Дана краткая характеристика состояния развития генетических ресурсов на породном уровне в Австрии. Проведено сопоставление селекционногенетических параметров в сравнении с РФ. Оценка племенной ценности производителей отечественной (n843) и зарубежной селекции (n641) проводилась на основе методологии BLUP, которая далее сравнивалась с официальной оценкой быков, полученной аналогичным методом по результатам 2018 года в Австрии. Наследуемость показателей молочной продуктивности колебалась от 0,182 до 0,252. Анализ результатов взаимосвязи между фенотипическими показателями дочерейпервотелок, а также генетическими оценками быковпроизводителей показал низкую повторяемость от 0,145 по фенотипу до 0,216 по генотипу для удоя, 0,047 и 0,103 для процента жира, 0,043 и 0,109 для процента белка, соответственно, по изучаемой выборке. С увеличением числа потомков и точности племенной ценности повторяемость EBV быков, оцененных в РФ и Австрии, возрастала от 0,0950,181 до 0,7470,918, соответственно. Определены условия для прохождения процедуры проверки по качеству потомства импортированных быков симментальской породы (семени) для их переоценки на территории РФ: должны быть получены не менее 80 дочерей из 34 хозяйств EBV страныпроисхождения по ряду хозяйственно полезных признаков может бытьиспользовано в качестве дополнительной информации точность оценки, полученной на поголовье в РФ, должна быть не ниже 70, а переоценка племенной ценности максимально приближена к методике страны выведения особи, то есть к BLUP процедуре.Comparative studies on the reevaluation in Simmental cattle sires of foreign origin were carried out using the Russian regional livestock population. A brief description of genetic resources development of Simmental cattle in Austria is given. A comparison of genetic parameters with the Russian cattle population is carried out. Assessment of breeding value in domestic (n843) and foreign breeding sires populations (n641) was carried out by BLUP methodology which was then compared with the official bulls evaluation obtained using a similar method according to the results of 2018 in Austria. The heritability of milk production traits ranged from 0.182 to 0.252. The correlation analysis between phenotypic features of firstparity daughters and genetic breeding values of sires showed low repeatability from 0.145 for the phenotype to 0.216 for the genotype by milk yield, 0.047 and 0.103 for the fat percentage, 0.043 and 0.109 for the protein percentage, respectively, for the studied dataset. With an increase the number of offspring and the accuracy of breeding value the repeatability of the bulls EBV evaluated in the Russian Federation and Austria ranged from 0.0950.181 to 0.7470.918, respectively. The conditions for passing the verification procedure of imported Simmental bulls (semen) in Russia for reevaluation are defined: at least 80 daughters from 34 farms must be obtained EBV of the country origin for economically useful traits can be used as additional information the accuracy of the EBV based on Russian population should not be lower than 70, and the reassessment of breeding value should be as close as possible to the BLUP methodology of the country that animal was bred.

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Identification of Genetic Variants in ABCG2 Gene Influencing Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-3770 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Arun Pratap Singh ◽

A K Chakravarty ◽

M A Mir ◽

Ashwani Arya ◽

Manvendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Rflp Analysis ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Production Traits ◽

Crossbred Cattle ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Karan Fries ◽

Abcg2 Gene

This study was performed to investigate the polymorphisms in the ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) gene and to reveal the association of genotypes with breeding value (BV) for first lactation milk yield and milk composition traits of Karan Fries (HF crossbred) cattle. The traits were adjusted against the significant effect of non-genetic factors. PCR-RFLP analysis of ABCG2 (exon 14) gene revealed three genotypes. AA genotype in ABCG2 gene had significant effect on BV for average test day fat percentage. The identified potential genetic marker could be used for the development of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) strategy for higher milk yield and milk composition traits in Karan Fries Cattle.

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DGAT1 polymorphism in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029918000468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 412-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jun Li ◽

Shenhe Liu ◽

Zipeng Li ◽

Shujun Zhang ◽

Guohua Hua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Buffalo Milk ◽

Production Performance ◽

Production Traits ◽

Coding Region ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Dgat1 Gene ◽

Swamp Buffalo

This Research Communication describes the polymorphisms in the coding region of DGAT1 gene in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo, and associations between polymorphisms and milk production performance in Riverine buffalo. Two polymorphisms of DGAT1were identified, located in exon 13 and exon 17, respectively. The distribution of the genotypes of the two SNP loci in different buffalo population varied, especially the polymorphism located in exon 13 which was not found in the Swamp buffalo. Moreover, SNP located in exon 17 was a nonsynonymous switch resulting in the animo acid sequence changed from an arginine (Arg) to a histidine (His) at position 484. Both SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the polymorphism of g.8330T>C in the exon 13 was significantly associated with peak milk yield, total milk yield and protein percentage. The C variant was associated with an increase in milk yield and peak yield but less in protein percentage compared with the T variant. The polymorphisms of g.9046T>C in exon 17 were significantly associated with fat percentage, in that the buffaloes with TT genotype had a significantly higher fat percentage than those with CC genotype. These findings reveal the difference in the genetic evolution of the DGAT1 between Riverine buffalo and Swamp buffalo, and provide evidence that the DGAT1 gene has potential effects for Riverine buffalo milk production traits, which can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in buffalo breeding.

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Impact of economic parameters on economic values in dairy sheep

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/6522-cjas ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 21-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Z. Krupová ◽

E. Krupa ◽

M. Wolfová

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Litter Size ◽

Functional Traits ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Economic Value ◽

Production Traits ◽

Economic Values ◽

Economic Parameters ◽

The Impact

The impact of variation in economic conditions on the economic values of fourteen production and functional traits was examined for the Improved Valachian breed using a bio-economic model implemented in the ECOWEIGHT software. The following economic parameters were investigated: market prices of lambs, milk, and cheese (variation ± 40%), costs for roughage, concentrates, and total feeding rations , costs for labour and veterinary care, fixed costs (variation ± 20% for all costs), and discount rate of revenues and costs (0 and 3%). Results of the analyses were presented in detail for the marginal and relative economic values of the four most important traits: milk yield in the 150-day milking period, conception rate of ewes, litter size per lambed ewe, and productive lifetime of ewes. Furthermore, cumulative relative economic values of the four trait complexes – milk production, growth, functional, and wool traits – were presented. Prices for sheep products were found to be the most important factor for both the marginal and the relative economic values of the evaluated traits. The four traits with the highest relative economic values in the base calculation stayed the most important for all investigated economic parameters ranges. The relative economic values of the remaining 10 traits did not exceed 6.1%. The relative economic values of milk yield and litter size were the most sensitive to the variation in economic circumstances. For the investigated range of economic parameters, the relative economic value for the complex of milk production traits ranged 30.6–48.1%, for growth traits 6.3–9.4%, and that for functional traits 45.4–59.7%. The relative economic value for the wool trait did not exceed 0.3%.

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Optimisation of the breeding value model of Simmental bull sires

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0606011p ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (5-6) ◽

pp. 11-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jovanka Panic ◽

V. Vidovic

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Yield ◽

Value Model ◽

Year 2000 ◽

Cattle Farms

In this research 245 cows were included. They are daughters of ten sires, and they realized 548 lactations in the period from year 2000 to 2003. Data were used from two cattle farms, "Backa" and "Pobeda" that are located on government property "Krivaja". In this research influences of systematic factors like farm, year, season or lactation have been included. Breading values are evaluated for all qualities (milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage and persistency of milk production). Sires are ranked based on average milk yield of his daughters.

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Results of the application of the technology of genetic improvement of Simmental cattle population in Serbia

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah0602001p ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Milan Petrovic ◽

Ljiljana Sretenovic ◽

Vlada Pantelic ◽

Stevica Aleksic ◽

Branislav Miscevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Fat ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Production Traits ◽

Cattle Population ◽

Method Of Least Squares ◽

General Average ◽

Simmental Cattle ◽

Calving Season

Results of production traits obtained from first calving cows and evaluation of the breeding value of bull sires of Simmental breed in Serbia. Data was analyzed using the method of least squares and for evaluation of bulls' breeding value mixed model of random sire effect (BLUP method). Based on obtained results it was established in statistical analysis that breeding region had highly significantly affected (P<0.01) the deviation of production traits from the general average. Considerable deviation from the general average was caused by the year and season of calving (P<0.05), and interaction of breeding region and calving season contributed to high variation in yield of milk and milk fat (P<0.01).

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