Labor Policies of the General Managers' Association of Chicago, 1886–1894

1953 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. McMurry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labor Policies ◽  
General Managers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

The activities of the General Managers' Association of Chicago in the great strike of the American Railway Union in 1894 are well known, but the earlier history of this association has remained obscure. Even the most scholarly writers on the Pullman strike have accepted statements made in testimony before the United States Strike Commission that this association first participated in a labor conflict in 1893. As a matter of fact, it originated in a strike, and early in its career it set precedents for many of its exploits a few years later.

The Importance of Being Florentine: A Journey around the World for Wax Anatomical Venuses

Nuncius ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Paolo de Ceglia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Anatomical Models ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
19Th Century History ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis article reconstructs the 19th century history of events regarding a few female wax anatomical models made in Florence. More or less faithful copies of those housed in Florence's Museum of Physics and Natural History, these models were destined for display in temporary exhibitions. In their travels through Europe and the United States, they transformed the expression "Florentine Venus" into a sort of brand name used to label and offer respectability to pieces of widely varying quality.

scholarly journals Cholera.

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J B Kaper ◽  
J G Morris ◽  
M M Levine
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Made In

Despite more than a century of study, cholera still presents challenges and surprises to us. Throughout most of the 20th century, cholera was caused by Vibrio cholerae of the O1 serogroup and the disease was largely confined to Asia and Africa. However, the last decade of the 20th century has witnessed two major developments in the history of this disease. In 1991, a massive outbreak of cholera started in South America, the one continent previously untouched by cholera in this century. In 1992, an apparently new pandemic caused by a previously unknown serogroup of V. cholerae (O139) began in India and Bangladesh. The O139 epidemic has been occurring in populations assumed to be largely immune to V. cholerae O1 and has rapidly spread to many countries including the United States. In this review, we discuss all aspects of cholera, including the clinical microbiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features of the disease. Special attention will be paid to the extraordinary advances that have been made in recent years in unravelling the molecular pathogenesis of this infection and in the development of new generations of vaccines to prevent it.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly J. McCammon ◽  
Lee Ann Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Nineteenth Amendment ◽  
United States Today ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Realm ◽  
Made In

This introduction takes a number of steps to highlight the book’s focus on women’s engagement in electoral politics and their efforts in social movement activism. The introduction begins by returning briefly to the history of the woman suffrage movement, ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, and the immediate political aftermath of giving voting rights to many women in the United States. The introduction then looks back over the last century and asks, what has transpired since enactment of the Nineteenth Amendment, and where is the United States today? The introduction discusses the significant progress women have made in the political realm as well as numerous ways in which women experience marginalization, including how intersecting constraints, for instance, between gender and race or gender and class place limits on some women’s political engagement. The discussion then provides readers with an overview of the volume’s chapters.

Discord in Community: The North Atlantic Area as a Partial International System

1963 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International System ◽  
The United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Common ◽  
North Atlantic Area ◽  
Made In

There are many ways in which one could study what is frequently called the Atlantic Community. First, one could trace the history of proposals made in order to strengthen the bond between the United States and nations situated on the other side of the Atlantic. Such suggestions, whether they aimed at federal union or at a close alliance, came either from Britain or from the United States, were always centered on the “British-American connection,” and aimed at making the two great English-speaking peoples the magnet that would attract lesser breeds, the force whose strength and virtues would preserve law, order, and peace in the world. Although such blue-prints rarely left visible traces on official policy in the United States, they are significant, both because British policy since the war often appeared inspired by the hope, or the nostalgia, for a world of this hue, and because overtones of these earlier appeals may have crept into recent American tactics in support of Britain's application to the Common Market.

Review of A brief history of the United States.

1919 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of

An American Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina Lozano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
The U.S

An American Language is a political history of the Spanish language in the United States. The nation has always been multilingual and the Spanish language in particular has remained as an important political issue into the present. After the U.S.-Mexican War, the Spanish language became a language of politics as Spanish speakers in the U.S. Southwest used it to build territorial and state governments. In the twentieth century, Spanish became a political language where speakers and those opposed to its use clashed over what Spanish's presence in the United States meant. This book recovers this story by using evidence that includes Spanish language newspapers, letters, state and territorial session laws, and federal archives to profile the struggle and resilience of Spanish speakers who advocated for their language rights as U.S. citizens. Comparing Spanish as a language of politics and as a political language across the Southwest and noncontiguous territories provides an opportunity to measure shifts in allegiance to the nation and exposes differing forms of nationalism. Language concessions and continued use of Spanish is a measure of power. Official language recognition by federal or state officials validates Spanish speakers' claims to US citizenship. The long history of policies relating to language in the United States provides a way to measure how U.S. visions of itself have shifted due to continuous migration from Latin America. Spanish-speaking U.S. citizens are crucial arbiters of Spanish language politics and their successes have broader implications on national policy and our understanding of Americans.

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