scholarly journals Paying Attention: Overnight Returns and the Hidden Cost of Buying at the Open

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Berkman ◽  
Paul D. Koch ◽  
Laura Tuttle ◽  
Ying Jenny Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Strong Tendency ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Hidden Cost ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
Implicit Transaction Costs

AbstractWe find a strong tendency for positive returns during the overnight period followed by reversals during the trading day. This behavior is driven by an opening price that is high relative to intraday prices. It is concentrated among stocks that have recently attracted the attention of retail investors, it is more pronounced for stocks that are difficult to value and costly to arbitrage, and it is greater during periods of high overall retail investor sentiment. The additional implicit transaction costs for retail traders who buy high-attention stocks near the open frequently exceed the effective half spread.

scholarly journals The impact of transaction costs in portfolio optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (48) ◽  
pp. 288-311
Author(s):  
Luc Chavalle ◽  
Luis Chavez-Bedoya
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Holding Period ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the impact of transaction costs in portfolio optimization in Peru. The study aims to compare the transaction costs structure applied in Peru with respect to the ones applied in the USA, and over a few dimensions. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for an empirical study analyzing the cost of rebalancing portfolios over a set period and dimensions. Stocks have been carefully selected using Bloomberg terminals, and portfolio designed then rebalanced using VBA programming. Over a few dimensions as type and number of stocks, holding period and trading strategy, the behavior of these different transaction costs has been compared. The analysis has been done for four different portfolios. Findings The paper provides empirical insights about how a retail investor actively trading in Peru can pay up to 14 times more in transaction costs than trading the same portfolio in the USA. These comparatively high transaction costs prevent retail investors to trade in the Peruvian stock market while fueling illiquidity to this market. Research limitations/implications The paper deals with a limited amount of Peruvian stocks. Researchers are encouraged to test the proposition further, including other dimensions. Practical implications The paper includes implications for any retail investor that wants to invest in Peruvian stocks, giving an insight about how expensive it is to actively rebalance a portfolio in Peru. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to study how much it costs to actively invest on the stock market in Peru.

Investor sentiment antecedents

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Dasgupta ◽  
Rashmi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Specific Factors

PurposeThe determinants of investor sentiment based on stock market proxies are found in numbers in empirical studies. However, investor sentiment antecedents developed from primary survey measures by constructing an investor sentiment index (ISI) are not done till date. The purpose of this paper is to fill this research gap by first developing an ISI for the Indian retail investors and then examining the investor-specific, stock market-specific, macroeconomic and policy-specific factors’ individual impact on the investor sentiment.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the authors develop the ISI by using the mean scores of six statements as formulated based on popular direct investor sentiment surveys undertaken throughout the world. Then, the authors employ the structural equation modeling approach on the responses of 576 respondents on 40 statements (representing the index and four study hypotheses) collected in 2016 across the country.FindingsThe results show that investor- and stock market-specific factors are the major antecedents of investor sentiment for these investors. However, interestingly macroeconomic fundamentals and policy-specific factors have no role to play in driving their sentiment to invest in the stock market.Practical implicationsThe major implication of the results is that the Indian retail investors are showing a mixed approach of Bayesian and behavioral finance decision making. So, these implications can guide the investment consultants, regulators, other stakeholders in markets and overwhelmingly the retail investors to introspect their investment decision making across time horizons.Originality/valueThe formulation of ISI in an emerging market context and thereafter examining possible antecedents to influence retail investors in their investment decision making are not done till date. So, the study is unique in its research issue and findings and will have significant implication for the retail investors at least in emerging market contexts.

What is your desire? Retail investor preferences in structured products

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Baule ◽  
Patrick Muenchhalfen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
Retail Products ◽  
Structured Financial Products ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThe authors evaluate the preferences of retail investors with regard to the investment in structured financial products. The purpose of the paper is an analysis of the relative importance of key product attributes namely the issuing bank, the product structure, the associated costs and the disclosed risk.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a choice-based conjoint analysis, based on an online experiment. Participants judge their preferences for products which are presented by shortened key information documents according to the requirements of EU regulation.FindingsInvestors consider the costs and the product structure to be most important, whereas the issuer and information on risk are of less interest. Their preferences depend on their (self-evaluated) expertise: while inexperienced retail investors concentrate on costs, experienced investors pay more attention to the product structure.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to a subsegment of the market, the discount certificates. For these products, issuing banks gain insight into the attractiveness of their products. Furthermore, the study carries implications for regulators: since investors emphasize the costs in their decisions, an unbiased disclosure of costs should be enforced.Originality/valueWhile the recent literature has studied preferences for the investment in mutual funds, this is the first paper which directly analyzes the drivers of an investment in structured retail products.

scholarly journals IMPLICIT TRANSACTION COSTS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREMS OF ASSET PRICING

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750024 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERINDI ALLAJ
Keyword(s):  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Price Impact ◽  
Quadratic Variation ◽  
Trading Strategies ◽  
Arbitrage Pricing Theory ◽  
Bid Ask Spread ◽  
Bid Price ◽  
Equivalent Probability Measure ◽  
Implicit Transaction Costs

This paper studies arbitrage pricing theory in financial markets with implicit transaction costs. We extend the existing theory to include the more realistic possibility that the price at which the investors trade is dependent on the traded volume. The investors in the market always buy at the ask and sell at the bid price. Implicit transaction costs are composed of two terms, one is able to capture the bid-ask spread, and the second the price impact. Moreover, a new definition of a self-financing portfolio is obtained. The self-financing condition suggests that continuous trading is possible, but is restricted to predictable trading strategies having cádlág (right-continuous with left limits) and cáglád (left-continuous with right limits) paths of bounded quadratic variation and of finitely many jumps. That is, cádlág and cáglád predictable trading strategies of infinite variation, with finitely many jumps and of finite quadratic variation are allowed in our setting. Restricting ourselves to cáglád predictable trading strategies, we show that the existence of an equivalent probability measure is equivalent to the absence of arbitrage opportunities, so that the first fundamental theorem of asset pricing (FFTAP) holds. It is also shown that the use of continuous and bounded variation trading strategies can improve the efficiency of hedging in a market with implicit transaction costs. To better understand how to apply the theory proposed we provide an example of an implicit transaction cost economy that is linear and nonlinear in the order size.

scholarly journals INDIAN RETAIL INVESTORS AND INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERS: PRE AND POST COVID ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Sreyansh Surana, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Google Trends ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Going Public ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Grey Market ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Tail Events ◽  
Market Premium

Going public is one of the most popular forms of raising funds for expansion and growth of business. Since the liberalisation of economy in 1991, more than 1500 companies have listed themselves on the exchange. And the Indian stock markets keep expanding with increasing number of public offers in both mainstream and SME category. This paper compares the IPOs of Indian markets in broadly two phases-pre covid and post covid. A sample of 242 listings across eleven years from 2010-2020 are considered for the study. A comparison based on details of listing, listing gains etc reveal a more active retail investor segment. Overoptimism and urge to synthesise short term gains contribute to such gains. This is further backed by analysis of search results in the Indian region using google trends. Tail events such as covid-19 alter the way Indian investors behave and invest in IPOs and make their investments more on basis of speculative measures such as grey market premium, than actual fundamentals of the issue under consideration.                       

scholarly journals Donald Trump, investor attention and financial markets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapas Tanmaya Mohapatra ◽  
Monika Gehde-Trapp
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Investor Attention ◽  
Wealth Transfer ◽  
Search Volume ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
Google Search ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Sheer Number

Information attracts attention but attention is costly. Social media has been at the forefront ofinformation dissipation due to the sheer number of users propagating information in a fast but cheap way. We look into one specific case where Donald Trump’s tweets on companies have had effect on retail investors whose only source of information is internet. We find that retail investor attention spike as indicated by surge in Google Search Volume Index following Donald Trump’s tweet, irrespective of the tone in the tweet. We also find that Trump’s tweet facilitates wealth transfer due to selling from the retail investors followed by buying by the institutional investors in low retail investor attention environment. Finally, we see no effect in intra-day returns for the stocks irrespective of the attention they are receiving.

scholarly journals Awareness Level of Retail Investors on Stock Market in Chennai City

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S5) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Retail Investor ◽  
Stock Market Investors ◽  
Chennai City ◽  
Investment Patterns ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The globalization of monetary markets has been increasing the dimensions of retail investor community over the past three decades by providing a good sort of market and investment options. Hence, it makes their investment decisions process more complex. The present study aims to study the awareness of investors on stock market. The data were collected from 100 retail stock market investors of Chennai using structured questionnaire. The analysis is made using percentage and mean value. The study proves that post graduate, professional, high income level investors are aware of investment patterns through friends, neighbors and they yield a good income. The study also reveals that the retail investors are even aware of the fundamental and technical analysis of investment, which helps them for a better and wise investment.

Noise Trader

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Po-Keng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Noise Traders ◽  
Heterogeneous Agent ◽  
Noise Trader ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Economic Markets ◽  
Heterogeneous Agent Models

This paper briefly reviews the literature on the topics of noise traders in the financial market. We cover the no-trade theorem under complete and competitive markets in the 1980s, the noise trader approach to finance in the 1990s, and recent studies from several approaches related to noise traders, such as heterogeneous agent models, investor sentiment, retail investors, experimental analysis, and extrapolation. Understanding and tackling the issues resulted from noise traders would be essential for us to realize how financial and economic markets work.

Algorithmic Trading and Transaction Costs

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-219
Author(s):  
George Chalamandaris ◽  
Dimitrios Antonopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Hedge Fund ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Trading Strategies ◽  
Algorithmic Trading ◽  
Price Momentum ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
High Level ◽  
Implicit Transaction Costs

“Algos” are algorithmic trading strategies that are meant to optimize the execution quality of the trades in terms of transaction costs and market-timing. This chapter presents the transaction costs taxonomy and popular algorithmic execution strategies. Authors empirically examine a dataset of hedge fund transactions. Our results suggest that implicit transaction costs are characterized by a significant buy-sell asymmetry. To get some insight about the possible determinants of Implicit Transaction Costs, authors investigate the algo type and stock characteristics such as market capitalization, relative volume, inverse prior close, price momentum, buy indicator and trade duration. Both in-sample and out-of-sample tests show that a significant portion of transaction costs can be anticipated before the trade execution. Results show that high-level execution strategies can be constructed to optimize the algo choice.

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