A cross-sectional study of helminths in rural scavenging poultry in Tanzania in relation to season and climate

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Permin ◽  
H. Magwisha ◽  
A.A. Kassuku ◽  
P. Nansen ◽  
M. Bisgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Raillietina Echinobothrida ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Syngamus Trachea

AbstractA cross-sectional study on the prevalence of helminths in rural scavenging poultry on six hundred adult chickens selected randomly from six villages in the Morogoro Region, Tanzania during the wet and the dry seasons, was conducted. The trachea and gastrointestinal tract of each bird were examined for the presence of parasites. All chickens were infected with one or several species of helminths, the average being 4.8 ±1.7 helminths per chicken during the wet season and 5.1 ± 1.8 during the dry season. A total of 29 different helminth species were shown in the trachea or the gastrointestinal tract. The following species were identified: Syngamus trachea (0.7% (wet season), 2% (dry season)); Gongylonema ingluvicola (6.3%, 17.7%); Tetrameres americana (54.3%, 60.3%); Dispharynx nasuta (0%, 2.7%); Acuaria hamulosa (8.3%, 19.3%); Ascaridia galli (28.3%, 32.3%); Heterakis gallinarum (74.0%, 78.7%); H. isolonche (18.7%, 5.0%); H. dispar (25.7%, 6.3%); Allodapa suctoria (40.0%, 52.0%); Subulura strongylina (3.3%, 1.0%); Strongyloides avium (0.3%, 3.0%); Capillaria annulata (2.0%, 0.0%); C. contorta (9.0%, 1.0%); C. caudinflata (2.0%, 4.3%); C. obsignata (8.7%, 25.0%); C. anatis (4.0%, 9.0%); C. bursata (1.0%, 2.7%); Raillietina echinobothrida (41.3%, 46.3%); R. tetragona (25.3%, 21.3%); R. cesticillus (8.7%, 2.7%); Choanotaenia infundibulum (0.0%, 3.7%); Hymenolepis carioca (9.0%, 18.0%); H. cantaniana (48.0%, 43.0%); Amoebotaenia cuneata (39.3%, 36.0%); Metroliasthes lucida (1.0%, 0.3%); Davainea proglottina (5.7%, 0.3%) and Polymorphus boschadis (0.3%, 0.0%). No trematodes were found. No correlation was found between season and prevalence, or season and mean worm burdens. Twelve helminths of the species recovered represent new local records.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated withS. haematobiumEgg Excretion during the Dry Season, Six Months following Mass Distribution of Praziquantel (PZQ) in 2017 in the Bafia Health Area, South West Region Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Vicky Daonyle Ndassi ◽  
Judith Kuoh Anchang-Kimbi ◽  
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele ◽  
Godlove Bunda Wepnje ◽  
Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Contact Behaviour ◽  
The Difference

Background. A selective population mass drug administration of PZQ involving school-aged children was carried out in the Bafia Health Area in April 2017. This study investigated the prevalence, intensity, and factors associated withS. haematobiumegg excretion in this foci during the dry season, six months after the chemotherapy campaign.Methods. A cross-sectional study including 1001 consenting individuals (aged 3-62 years) was carried out in three localities (Ikata, Bafia, and Munyenge) in the Bafia Health Area between November 2017 and January 2018. Information on sociodemographic, stream usage, and contact behaviour was documented.Schistosoma haematobiumova in urine were detected using membrane filtration technique.Results. The prevalence ofS. haematobiumegg excretion was 8% with a higher level recorded in Munyenge (13.2%) than Ikata (7.5%) and Bafia (2.8%). The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Equally, Munyenge had the highest infection intensity (36.36 range: 2-200) when compared with Ikata (16.25 range: 2-57) and Bafia (8.0 range: 0-8). Although the age group (5–15 years) was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with more exposure to infested water, this group was less likely (OR: 0.42 95% CI: 0.19-0.91) associated withS. haematobiumegg excretion. The risk of egg excretion increased by 4.79 times (95% CI: 2.20-10.41) and 3.68 times (95% CI: 1.59-8.54) among residents in Munyenge and Ikata, respectively. Similarly, frequency to the stream (> thrice/day) was significantly higher (χ2= 58.73; p < 0.001) in Munyenge. Frequent contact (three visits/day) with stream correlated with highest odds of egg excretion (OR: 8.43 95% CI: 3.71-19.13).Conclusion. The prevalence ofS. haematobiumegg excretion was low during the dry season. This was most likely attributed to the preventive campaign with PZQ and may parallel low transmission potentials in infested waters during this period.

scholarly journals Awareness of gastrointestinal tract malignancies among the population of Lublin province (Eastern Poland) – A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
Monika Berbecka ◽  
Małgorzata Kolasińska-Bzoma ◽  
Ewa Kolasińska-Gliwa ◽  
Wojciech Polkowski ◽  
G. Johan A. Offerhaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Co-morbidity in women with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) in Eastern Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
R.G. Joshi ◽  
D.R. Shakya ◽  
P.M. Shyangwa ◽  
B. Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Introduction: Women with ADS may have psychiatric comorbidites along with physical comorbidities. Societal attitudes towards women and alcohol are barriers to the detection and treatment of their alcohol related problems.Objective: To explore the magnitude of co-morbidity among women with ADS in Eastern Nepal.Method: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study of women with ADS. Those who scored two or more than two in T-ACE questionnaire were enrolled. The diagnosis was made according to ICD-10 criteria. Consultation with concerned physician was done to assess physical condition.Result: Fifty one patients with ADS were enrolled. Among them, 21.6% had no comorbidity, 52.9% had single co-morbidity (psychiatric or physical) and 25.5% had both psychiatric and physical co-morbidity. In psychiatric comorbidity, mood disorder in 35.29% was the commonest followed by nicotine use in 26.47%. Among mood disorders 83.3% had depression. In physical comorbidity, disease of gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system in 50.9% was the commonest followed by hypertension in 11.5%.Conclusion: : Psychiatric as well as physical co-morbidities are common in women with ADS. The finding points to the importance of exploring comorbidities and their optimal treatment.

scholarly journals Dietary Approaches to Mitigate Iron and Iodine Deficiencies of Mother-toddler Dyads During Lean Season in Northern Ghana (P10-104-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement Kubreziga Kubuga ◽  
Won Song
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score

Abstract Objectives Iron and iodine deficiencies are among the most common form of nutritional deficiencies globally. Iron and iodine deficiencies lead to detrimental effects on fetus, infant, and maternal health. In developing countries attentions to the problem have been given to fortifications, supplementations, and clinical investigations rather than preventive dietary approaches and screening. We aimed to test the hypotheses that dietary diversity score (DDS) and dietary patterns (DP) predict the risk of iron and iodine deficiencies in mothers (15–49 yr, n = 118) and their toddlers (6–23 mo, n = 121) in a cross sectional-study during lean/dry season in northern Ghana. Methods We aimed to test the hypotheses that dietary diversity score (DDS) and dietary patterns (DP) predict the risk of iron and iodine deficiencies in mothers (15–49 yr, n = 118) and their toddlers (6–23 mo, n = 121) in a cross sectional-study during lean/dry season in northern Ghana. Results We found that risk of iron and iodine deficiencies were predicted by DDS and DP. Compared to DDS ≥4, DDS <4 have higher odds of iron deficiency (AOR: 3.21; 95% CI: 1.02–10.09; P = 0.0466) and iodine deficiency (AOR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02–0.76; P = 0.0360). Of two dietary patterns emerged, DP 1 (“rural elites diet”) predicted iron deficiency risk in mothers (AOR: 8.65, 95% CI: 1.76–42.39; P = 0.0287), DP 2 (“indigenous diet”) predicted iodine deficiency risk (AOR: 11.41; 95% CI: 1.36–95.97; P = 0.0406) in mothers but not in toddlers. Conclusions In summary, risk of iron and iodine deficiencies in mothers-toddlers could be screened by DDS and DP in northern Ghana during dry/lean season. Funding Sources BHEARD.

scholarly journals Parasite diversity in mallard: A cross sectional study on Anas platyrhynchos from Munshiganj, Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Aleya Begum ◽  
Mandira Mukutmoni ◽  
Farjana Akter
Keyword(s):  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Echinostoma Revolutum ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Among the 60 Anas platyrhynchos domesticus (32 males and 38 females), all the mallards were infested with Anaticola cassicornis and Lipeurus caponis. A. cassicornis displayed the peak intensity (15.5 ± 3.64) in female ducks. The lowest prevalence was of Colpocephalum turbinatum (25%) and found in male but the intensity was high (15 ± 2.23). Among the endoparasites, the highest prevalence was of Ascaridia galli (85.71%) found in female ducks and the lowest was in Echinostoma trivolvus (12.5%) found in male. The peak intensity was of Sobolevicanthus sp. (17.8 ± 2.34) in female following Echinostoma revolutum (17.33 ± 0.97). Ectoparasites were seen to infest all the seasons. But endoparasites were more prevalent in summer than the autumn and winter. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(1): 121-128, 2019

scholarly journals ILEITIS - DO ENDOSCOPIST AND PATHOLOGIST SPEAK THE SAME LANGUAGE?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia ROSEVICS ◽  
Luiz Roberto KOTZE ◽  
Odery RAMOS JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Significant

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ileitis is defined as an inflammation of the ileum, which is evaluated during colonoscopy. Biopsies should be performed on altered ileus, aiding to the diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the correlation of anatomopathological findings on ileitis between pathologists and endoscopists. METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional study, between 2013 and 2017. Examination report, indications for colonoscopy, and medical records were evaluated to identify whether the colonoscopic findings were clinically significant. Anatomopathological samples were reviewed by a pathologist expert in gastrointestinal tract. Patients over 18 years of age who had undergone ileoscopy were included, whereas patients below 18 years of age and those with previous intestinal resections were excluded. The correlation was assessed using the kappa coefficient index. RESULTS: A total of 5833 colonoscopies were conducted in the study period and 3880 cases were included. Ileal alterations were observed in 206 cases, with 2.94% being clinically significant. A hundred and sixty three biopsies were evaluated using the kappa index, resulting in agreement among pathologists of 0.067 and among pathologist and endoscopist of 0.141. CONCLUSION: It was observed that despite the low concordance between pathologists and endoscopists, there was no change in patient outcomes. This study confirms the importance of knowledge of the main anatomopathological changes related to ileitis by pathologists and endoscopists, making the best diagnosis and follow-up.

scholarly journals Successful Endoscopic Management of Suspected Foreign Bodies in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract among Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramila Shrestha ◽  
Shankhar Baral ◽  
Mukesh Sharma ◽  
Jiwan Thapa ◽  
Dibas Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Introduction: Most ingested foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract spontaneously. However, some foreign bodies may get impacted in the upper gastrointestinal tract. A variety of endoscopic techniques and instruments are indicated for the removal of such impacted foreign bodies. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence of successful endoscopic removal of foreign bodies. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who presented at the Department of Gastroenterology with complaints of upper gastrointestinal foreign body ingestion from 2/11/2008 to 23/07/2020 after taking ethical approval of the research proposal was taken from Institutional Review Board (Reference no 13). Convenient sampling was done. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed in Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 22. Results: A total of 119 cases were identified with foreign bodies ingestion. In hundred patients, foreign bodies 100 (84 %) (77.41-90.58 at 95% Confidence Interval) were extracted completely. Complete extraction failed in 19 (16%) patients. Six (5%) patients were treated by push technique and 10 (8.4%) patients with failed retrieval, received surgical intervention for foreign body removal. Conclusions: Endoscopic removal technique of foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract was successful in most of the cases and is associated with few complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence and screening of precancerous lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract: A cross-sectional study in North of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei ◽  
Alireza Gharib Pour ◽  
Farahnaz Joukar ◽  
Alireza Mansour-Ghanaei ◽  
Masood Sepehrimanesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Purpose: Precancerous lesions of the UGI tract are the second major cancer-related deaths and responsible for more than ten percent of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of precancerous lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients under patronage of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Guilan province as vulnerable population. Methods: In a cross-sectional study from March 2017 to March 2018, three hundred patients under patronage of Guilan branch of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation aged more than 40 years were enrolled. All patients were underwent endoscopy and checked for Helicobacter pylori infection. Results: The most frequent lesions in the esophagus, stomach and bulb were grade A mucosal breaking (58.7%), erosions (57.0%), and ulcers (6.3%), respectively. Esophageal lesions were higher in the age more than 60 years (P=0.036). Smokers and patients with familial history of cancers in the 2ndand 3rd grade of relatives had more lesions in the bulb (P=0.005 and P=0.010, respectively). Female patients, those with age lower than 50 years and no-smoker had lower frequency of intestinal metaplasia (IM) (P=0.024, P=0.030, and P=0.003, respectively). Also, there was positive association between gastric atrophy and age (P=0.009). Furthermore, chronic active gastritis were seen more frequently in male patients (P=0.003) and smokers (P=0.010). Significant positive association between consumption of fish meat and occurrence of IM was detected (P=0.010). Conclusions: Male gender, higher age and smoking for IM and male gender, higher BMI and smoking for H. pylori infection were the predictive risk factors. It seems early diagnosis of precancerous lesions help to prevent cancers and to increase the survival rate.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INCIDENCE OF Eimeria leuckarti IN HORSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Tauseef Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Selection Of

Cross sectional study was planned to figure out the prevalence rate of Eimeria (E.) leuckarti in horses and factors influencing its occurrence in district TT Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. From April 2009 to March 2010, equine feces were collected. Two stage cluster method was adopted for random selection of horses. Total of 484 fecal samples were collected from whole district and collected samples were subjected to quantitative floatation method. It was found that 50.41% of sampled horses were positive for E. leuckarti with prevalence reaching to its peak in August (OR=1.156; χ2=20.055) while lowest occurence was recorded in April, May and June, coinciding with the period of lowest humidity and precipitation of the year in Pakistan. It can be inferred from these observations that wet season seems to be favorable for propagation of this disease. Foals (62.94%; OR=0.422; χ2=20.825) were found to be more susceptible (P<0.05) to E. leuckarti in comparison to adults (41.81%) while mares with prevalence of 56.48% (OR=0.512; χ2=13.265) were found to be more susceptible (P<0.05) as compared to and male horses (35.04%). Horses kept on non-cemented floor, mix farming with other animals, given food on ground and watered in ponds/common places were found to have higher rates of prevalence of E. leuckarti (P<0.05) in comparison to those kept on cemented/ partially cemented floor, separate farming, food in trough and tap watered, respectively. It is inferred from findings of this survey that disease can be controlled by improving management systems.

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