Genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in camels, cattle and sheep from the south-east of Iran indicates the presence of the G3 genotype

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hajialilo ◽  
M.F. Harandi ◽  
M. Sharbatkhori ◽  
H. Mirhendi ◽  
S. Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Human Isolate ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
East Of Iran ◽  
Animal Hosts ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

AbstractEchinococcus granulosus, the aetiologic agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), is one of the most important zoonotic helminthes worldwide. Isolates of the parasite show considerable genetic variation in different intermediate hosts. Several genotypes and species are described in different eco-epidemiological settings. This study investigated E. granulosus genotypes existing in livestock and humans from the province of Kerman, located in south-eastern Iran, using sequencing data of cox1 and nad1 mitochondrial genes. Fifty-eight E. granulosus isolates, including 35 from sheep, 11 from cattle, 9 from camels and 3 from goats, were collected from slaughterhouses throughout Kerman. One human isolate was obtained from a surgical case of CE. Mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 38 isolates were sequenced. Genotypes G1 (73.7%), G3 (13.2%) and G6 (13.1%) were identified from the isolates. G1 was the most common genotype from sheep (86.7%), cattle (80%), camels (44.4%) and goats (100%). Sheep, cattle and camels were also found to be infected with the G3 genotype (buffalo strain). The human isolate was identified as the G6 genotype. Results showed that the G3 genotype occurred in different animal hosts in addition to G1 and G6 genotypes.

Molecular characterization of the horse isolate of Echinococcus granulosus in Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Utuk ◽  
S. Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mitochondrial 12S Rrna ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractCystic echinococcosis is one of the most important helminthozoonoses, affecting various species of intermediate hosts and humans. In this report, we present Echinococcus granulosus infection in a horse and its molecular characterization. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of mitochondrial 12S rRNA (mt-12S rRNA) and partial sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mt-CO1) genes were performed. According to the mt-12S rRNA-PCR result, the horse isolate was grouped with E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3) and the partial mt-CO1 sequence corresponded to the G1 strain. This is the first study of the molecular characterization of the horse isolate of E. granulosus in Turkey.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from Humans in Slovenia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Barbara Šoba ◽  
Špela Gašperšič ◽  
Darja Keše ◽  
Tadeja Kotar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

The larval form of tapeworms of the Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species cluster cause an important zoonotic infection, cystic echinococcosis (CE). Molecular characterization of the cluster’s isolates from different hosts greatly contributes to a better understanding of its transmission dynamics. To date, no genetic information is available on CE in Slovenia. In this work, we characterized isolates from human CE cases. Parasite samples from 18 patients were collected, together with the patients’ demographic and clinical data. Genomic DNA was analyzed by conventional PCR and sequencing at four mitochondrial loci (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, cox1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, nad1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, nad5; and small ribosomal RNA, rrnS). Thirteen isolates were successfully amplified and sequenced. Seven (58.8%) patients were infected with E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) G1, five (38.5%) with E. canadensis G7 and one (7.7%) with E. granulosus s.s. G3. Echinococcus canadensis G7, the pig genotype, was identified exclusively in autochthonous Slovenes, while the patients originating from the Western Balkans were all infected with E. granulosus s.s. Our findings suggest that pigs are important intermediate hosts for human CE in Slovenia.

scholarly journals Occurrence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium sp. in sheep

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Snak ◽  
Flavia Roberta Smiderle ◽  
Nelson Luis Mello Fernandes ◽  
Arielle Aparecida Lara ◽  
Felipe Gustavo Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Sheep Feces ◽  
Fecal Smear ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Considered a zoonosis of utmost importance, cryptosporidiosis has a worldwide distribution and can infect mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. It is caused by a highly resistant protozoan present in the environment and can cause death in immunosuppressed individuals and pups, as well as in farm animals such as cattle and sheep, generating losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in sheep feces from the farms of Western Paraná, which have different management styles, and compare the results with their respective management methods. One hundred and forty-four stool samples were collected (69 from Property 1 and 75 from Property 2) and analyzed using a fecal smear on slides after staining by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen method. Samples tested positive by this method were subjected to nested PCR and the products obtained were sent for sequencing to determine the species. While 82.60% of the samples from Property 1 were tested positive, only 36% of the samples from Property 2 were tested positive. On analyzing the sequencing data, it was observed that the Cryptosporidium species of samples from Property 1 showed high similarity to Cryptosporidium xiaoi and those from Property 2, to Cryptosporidium ubiquitum. The reason for divergence in results can be attributed to differences in management systems adopted by each property, thus showing the importance of detecting carrier animals, as they can contaminate the environment, especially the water sources, and spread the disease to humans and other animals.

scholarly journals Breeding systems in Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda; Taeniidae): selfing or outcrossing?

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. HAAG ◽  
A. M. ARAÚJO ◽  
B. GOTTSTEIN ◽  
M. SILES-LUCAS ◽  
R. C. A. THOMPSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Parasite Populations ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cattle Strain ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

We used the PCR–SSCP method followed by sequencing in order to assess the genetic variability of coding and non- coding parts of the genome of Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda; Taeniidae) and to test whether or not the parasite populations are mainly self-fertilizing. For this, we analysed a sample of 110 E. granulosus metacestode isolates collected from different geographical regions (Southern Brazil, Europe and Australia) and from different intermediate hosts (ovine, bovine, human, macropod, swine and equine). Using appropriate controls, we were able to identify 4 strains in that sample (sheep, cattle, pig and horse strains). The high degree of genetic differentiation between strains, but not within, and the monomorphism found in most loci (EgAg4, EgActII, EgHbx2 and EgAg6 – non-coding – EgAgB/1 and EgND1 – coding) indicated that they are largely selfed. On the other hand, outcrossing was also shown to occur, since 5 potential hybrid genotypes between cattle and sheep strains were found in populations of Southern Brazil, but absent in other geographical areas. We suggest that both processes are adaptive. The article also reports, for the first time, the occurrence of the E. granulosus cattle strain in South America.

Molecular genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus from dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) in eastern Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Moghaddas ◽  
H. Borji ◽  
A. Naghibi ◽  
P. Shayan ◽  
G.R. Razmi
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Camelus Dromedarius ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractWith the aim of genotyping Echinococcus granulosus cysts found in Iranian dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius), 50 cysts of E. granulosus were collected from five geographical regions in Iran. Cysts were characterized using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) gene and sequencing fragments of the genes coding for mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1). Morphological criteria using rostellar hook dimensions were also undertaken. The present results have shown that 27 out of 50 E. granulosus cysts (54%) were determined as the G1 strain, and the other (46%) were determined as the G6 strain. The molecular analysis of the ITS1 region of ribosomal DNA corresponded with the morphological findings. Because of its recognized infectivity in humans, the G1 genotype is a direct threat to human health and its presence in Iranian dromedaries is of urgent public health importance.

Copro-PCR prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs in Kerman, south-eastern Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Mirbadie ◽  
H. Kamyabi ◽  
M.A. Mohammadi ◽  
S. Shamsaddini ◽  
M.F. Harandi
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Concentration Method ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The City

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of taeniid parasites and the specific detection of Echinococcus granulosus using copro-DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in the stray dogs of Kerman, south-eastern Iran. From September 2013 to May 2014, faecal samples of stray dogs were collected from different parts of the city of Kerman and its suburbs. Faecal samples from dogs were collected randomly within 24 h of defecation. All samples were transferred to the research lab and coprological examinations were conducted by the formalin–ether concentration method. In the microscopically positive samples, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) specific primers were used to determine the taeniid identity of the infection. In addition, another set of primers was used for the specific diagnosis of E. granulosus sensu lato. In total, 307 faecal samples from stray dogs were examined for the presence of the parasites. Taeniidae eggs were detected in 34 dogs (11.07%). All 34 taeniid-positive specimens were PCR positive for cox1 (444 bp). Of all taeniid-positive specimens, 21 samples (6.8% of all dog specimens) were positive according to primers specific for E. granulosus. The findings of the present study revealed that canine echinococcosis is prevalent in the stray dogs in Kerman. The findings of the present study have important implications for hydatid control programmes in the area.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto isolated from livestock of Qazvin, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Shahnazi ◽  
Maryam Habibvand ◽  
Morteza Ghanbari Johkool ◽  
Elham Hajialilo ◽  
Meysam Sharifdini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Cox1 Gene ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Predominant Genotype ◽  
Mitochondrial Cox1 ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Hydatidiosis is a serious parasitic disease in humans and livestock, worldwide. Echinococcus granulosus shows notable genetic variation among intermediate hosts. Several genotypes of the worm have been reported from different parts of Iran, but no information over the parasite genotypes status in the study region is available. The current study investigated the presence of different genotypes of E. granulosus in the livestock of Qazvin, Iran, by sequencing the mitochondrial Cox1 genes. Methodology: One hundred twenty E. granulosus isolates, including 30 from goats, 40 from cattle and 50 from sheep were collected from the slaughterhouses in Qazvin province. Mitochondrial Cox1 gene region was amplified by PCR and 30 isolates were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis was done by using the MEGA 7.0 software. Morphological analysis was performed on rostellar hook length of protoscoleces. Result: All isolates were identified as E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3 complex) among 17% of isolates clarified as G3 genotypes. G1 was the predominant genotype among the specimens. No significant difference between the rostellar hooks measurements of different genotypes was observed. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the presence of E. granulosus sensu stricto in the region although further studies are required to determine the haplotype diversity of E. granulosus using different mitochondrial and nuclear genes.

scholarly journals Genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus Isolates from Human in Khorasan Province, North-Eastern Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba BERENJI ◽  
Seyed Aliakbar SHAMSIAN ◽  
Marziyeh NOURI DALOEE ◽  
Seyed Hossein FATTAHI MASOOM ◽  
Elham MOGHADDAS
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
Eastern Iran ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sheep Strain

Background: Human hydatidosis is endemic in northeastern Iran. The present study aimed to investigate molecular diversity of Echinococcus granulosus isolates collected from human surgically. Methods: Sixty human hydatid cysts (58 lung cysts and 2 liver cysts) were collected through surgery from Ghaem and Emam Reza hospitals in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during 2015-2016. Cysts were characterized using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) gene and sequencing fragments of the genes coding for mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1). Results: Overall, 55 out of 60 Echinococcus granulosus cysts (91.6%) were determined as the G1 strain, 4 cases (6.6%) were determined as the G6 strain and 1 sample was not identified. Conclusion: Although sheep strain (G1) is dominated in human patients in Great Khorasan, the prevention of camel-dog cycle should pay attention in this region.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of hydatid cysts of different intermediate hosts

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
W. M. Mousa ◽  
A. M. Abdel-Wahab ◽  
M. El-Gameel Sohila ◽  
O. A. Mahdy
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Animal Isolates ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

SummaryCystic echinococcosis is an important cosmopolitan parasitic zoonosis that causes public health and economic problems in Egypt. The present study was undertaken to identify genotypes of hydatid cyst (HC) DNA isolated from different animal isolates and to identify the genotype of secondary hydatid cysts (HCs) developed in rabbits experimentally infected with camel HC for detection of any genetic mutation. In the present study, we extracted DNA from the germinal layers of 8 HCs collected from 3 camels, 1 cattle, 1 sheep and 3 donkeys in addition to 3 secondary HCs collected from rabbits experimentally infected with camel HC. PCR amplification of the ITS1 gene of all examined samples showed an amplified DNA band at 1115 bp. The partial nucleotide sequences of the ITS1 gene of all isolates were aligned and compared with the reference sequences of the genotypes G1–G8 in GenBank. The camel and rabbit samples were identified as Echinococcus canadensis genotype 6 (G6), while the cattle and sheep samples belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1). The donkey isolates belonged to E. equines (G4). Alignment of the ITS1 partial nucleotide sequences of the camel HCs and rabbit secondary HCs isolates with the G6 partial nucleotide sequence in GenBank was performed. Both camel HCs and rabbit secondary HCs isolates exhibited the same sequence identity matrix, which indicated the absence of mutation in the rabbit secondary HCs. It can be concluded that camel and rabbit samples were identified as E. canadensis (G6), the cattle and sheep samples belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1) and donkey isolates belonged to E. equines (G4). No mutation occurred during HCs transmission from camel to rabbit.

Prevalence and genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from livestock in north-eastern Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A. Omondi ◽  
G. Gitau ◽  
P. Gathura ◽  
E. Mulinge ◽  
E. Zeyhle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
First Time ◽  
Isiolo County ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Abstract Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease of cosmopolitan distribution and caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.). CE occurs in the wider African continent and in Kenya, notably in the Maasailand and Turkana regions; however, recent studies demonstrate its presence in other parts of Kenya. This study determined the occurrence of CE in livestock (camels, goats, sheep and cattle) in Isiolo, Garissa and Wajir counties, and characterized the species of E. granulosus s.l. present. An abattoir survey was used to determine the presence of CE in various organs in livestock. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 gene was used for genotyping. A total of 1368 carcasses from 687 goats, 234 camels, 329 sheep and 118 cattle were inspected for the presence of hydatid cysts. The overall proportion of infections was 29.1% in camels, 14.4% in cattle, 9.9% in goats and 8.2% in sheep. The liver was the most infected organ, while only the lung of camels harboured fertile cysts. Of the 139 cysts genotyped, 111 (79.9%) belonged to Echinococcus canadensis (G6/7) and 20 (14.4%) to E. granulosus sensu stricto. One and two cysts were identified as Taenia saginata and unknown Taenia species, respectively. There was a significant association between county of origin and species of the animal with occurrence of CE. This study reports, for the first time, the characterization of Echinococcus species in livestock from Garissa and Wajir counties, and the current situation in Isiolo county. The fertility of cysts in camels and frequency of E. canadensis (G6/7) in all livestock species indicate that camels play an important role in the maintenance of CE in the north-eastern counties of Kenya.

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