Shock waves and rarefaction waves in magnetohydrodynamics. Part 2. The MHD system

1997 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. MYONG ◽  
P. L. ROE
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Riemann Problem ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Admissibility Condition ◽  
Hugoniot Condition ◽  
Model Set ◽  
Mhd System ◽  
Well Posed ◽  
Complete Account

In Part 1 of this study, a model set exactly preserving the MHD hyperbolic singularities was considered. By developing the viscosity admissibility condition, it was shown that the intermediate shocks are necessary to ensure that the planar Riemann problem is well-posed. Here in Part 2, the MHD Rankine–Hugoniot condition and rarefaction-wave relations are presented in phase space, which allows construction of analytical solutions of the planar MHD Riemann problem. In this process, a viscosity admissibility condition is proposed to determine physically admissible shocks. A complete account of MHD Hugoniot loci is given, leading to a classification of several subproblems in which the solution patterns are qualitatively same. Finally, it is shown that the planar MHD Riemann problem is well-posed using intermediate shocks that have been considered non-evolutionary.

Shock waves and rarefaction waves in magnetohydrodynamics. Part 1. A model system

1997 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. MYONG ◽  
P. L. ROE
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Riemann Problem ◽  
Nonlinear Evolution ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Planar Case ◽  
Model Set ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mhd Shock Waves ◽  
Well Posed ◽  
Evolutionary Condition

The present study consists of two parts. Here in Part 1, a model set of conservation laws exactly preserving the MHD hyperbolic singularities is investigated to develop the general theory of the nonlinear evolution of MHD shock waves. Great emphasis is placed on shock admissibility conditions. By developing the viscosity admissibility condition, it is shown that the intermediate shocks are necessary to ensure that the planar Riemann problem is well-posed. In contrast, it turns out that the evolutionary condition is inappropriate for determining physically relevant MHD shocks. In the general non-planar case, by studying canonical cases, we show that the solution of the Riemann problem is not necessarily unique – in particular, that it depends not only on reference states but also on the associated internal structure. Finally, the stability of intermediate shocks is discussed, and a theory of their nonlinear evolution is proposed. In Part 2, the theory of nonlinear waves developed for the model is applied to the MHD problem. It is shown that the topology of the MHD Hugoniot and wave curves is identical to that of the model problem.

A GALLERY OF CHUA ATTRACTORS PART VI

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1801-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELEONORA BILOTTA ◽  
GIANPIERO DI BLASI ◽  
FAUSTO STRANGES ◽  
PIETRO PANTANO
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Methodological Approaches

In this article, we conclude our series of papers on the analysis and visualization of Chua attractors and their generalizations. We present a gallery of 144 n-scroll, 15 hyperchaotic and 37 synchronized systems. Along with time series and FFT we provide 3D visualizations; for some attractors we also supply Lyapunov coefficients and fractal dimensions. The goal in constructing our Gallery has been to make the general public aware of the enormous variety of chaotic phenomena and to change the widespread impression that they are isolated rarities. The Gallery provides a valuable collection of images and technical data which can be used to analyze these phenomena and to reproduce them in future studies. From a scientific point of view, we have tried to identify new methodological approaches to the study of chaos, opening nontraditional perspectives on the complexity of this domain. In our papers, we have discussed a broad range of topics, ranging from techniques for visualizing Chua attractors to computational methods allowing us to make a statistical classification of attractors' positions in phase space and to describe the evolutionary processes through which their shapes change over time. We see these processes as analogous to population dynamics in artificial environments. Within these environments, we use experimental methods to identify the models which guide morphogenetic change and which organize genetic landscapes in parameter space. This paper is organized as follows. First, we provide formal descriptions of the attractors generated by n-scroll, hyperchaotic and synchronized systems. The next section describes a Gallery of Chua attractors, generated by gradually varying the parameters and analyzing the resulting bifurcation maps. We then describe software tools allowing us to perform statistical analyses on selected sets of attractors, to visualize them, to explore their organization in phase space, and to conduct experimental investigations of the morphogenetic processes through which a small set of base attractors can generate a broad range of different forms. In the last section, we describe the creation of a Virtual 3D Gallery displaying some of the attractors we have presented in our six papers. The attractors are organized by theme, as they might be in a museum. The environment allows users to explore the attractors, interact with shapes, listen to music and sounds generated by the attractors, change their spatial organization, and create new shapes. To complete the paper — and the series — we propose a number of general conclusions.

Automated classification of human lung sound signals using phase space representation of intrinsic mode function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibghatullah I. Khan ◽  
Vikram Palodiya ◽  
Lavanya Poluboyina
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Lung Sounds ◽  
Lung Sound ◽  
Phase Space Representation

Abstract Bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common human lung diseases. In general, the expert pulmonologistcarries preliminary screening and detection of these lung abnormalities by listening to the adventitious lung sounds. The present paper is an attempt towards the automatic detection of adventitious lung sounds ofBronchiectasis,COPD from normal lung sounds of healthy subjects. For classification of the lung sounds into a normaland adventitious category, we obtain features from phase space representation (PSR). At first, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is applied to lung sound signals to obtain intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The IMFs are then further processed to construct two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) PSR. The feature space includes the 95% confidence ellipse area and interquartile range (IQR) of Euclidian distances computed from 2D and 3D PSRs, respectively. The process is carried out for the first four IMFs correspondings to normal and adventitious lung sound signals. The computed features depicta significant ability to discriminate the two categories of lung sound signals.To perform classification, we use the least square support vector machine with two kernels, namely, polynomial and radial basis function (RBF).Simulation outcomes on ICBHI 2017 lung sound dataset show the ability of the proposed method in effectively classifying normal and adventitious lung sound signals. LS-SVM is employing RBF kernel provides the highest classification accuracy of 97.67 % over feature space constituted by first, second, and fourth IMF.

A Second-Order Cell-Centered Lagrangian Method for Two-Dimensional Elastic-Plastic Flows

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1224-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Bo Cheng ◽  
Yueling Jia ◽  
Song Jiang ◽  
Eleuterio F. Toro ◽  
Ming Yu
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Riemann Problem ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Yielding Condition ◽  
Nested Iterations ◽  
Von Mises

AbstractFor 2D elastic-plastic flows with the hypo-elastic constitutive model and von Mises’ yielding condition, the non-conservative character of the hypo-elastic constitutive model and the von Mises’ yielding condition make the construction of the solution to the Riemann problem a challenging task. In this paper, we first analyze the wave structure of the Riemann problem and develop accordingly aFour-Rarefaction wave approximateRiemannSolver withElastic waves (FRRSE). In the construction of FRRSE one needs to use an iterative method. A direct iteration procedure for four variables is complex and computationally expensive. In order to simplify the solution procedure we develop an iteration based on two nested iterations upon two variables, and our iteration method is simple in implementation and efficient. Based on FRRSE as a building block, we propose a 2nd-order cell-centered Lagrangian numerical scheme. Numerical results with smooth solutions show that the scheme is of second-order accuracy. Moreover, a number of numerical experiments with shock and rarefaction waves demonstrate the scheme is essentially non-oscillatory and appears to be convergent. For shock waves the present scheme has comparable accuracy to that of the scheme developed by Maire et al., while it is more accurate in resolving rarefaction waves.

A classification of well-posed kinetic layer problems

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Coron ◽  
François Golse ◽  
Catherine Sulem
Keyword(s):  
Well Posed

scholarly journals An improved exact Riemann solver for relativistic hydrodynamics

2001 ◽  
Vol 449 ◽  
pp. 395-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIANO REZZOLLA ◽  
OLINDO ZANOTTI
Keyword(s):  
Riemann Problem ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Initial Guess ◽  
Relativistic Velocity ◽  
Riemann Solver ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Riemann Solvers ◽  
Velocity Jump ◽  
Exact Riemann Solver

A Riemann problem with prescribed initial conditions will produce one of three possible wave patterns corresponding to the propagation of the different discontinuities that will be produced once the system is allowed to relax. In general, when solving the Riemann problem numerically, the determination of the specific wave pattern produced is obtained through some initial guess which can be successively discarded or improved. We here discuss a new procedure, suitable for implementation in an exact Riemann solver in one dimension, which removes the initial ambiguity in the wave pattern. In particular we focus our attention on the relativistic velocity jump between the two initial states and use this to determine, through some analytic conditions, the wave pattern produced by the decay of the initial discontinuity. The exact Riemann problem is then solved by means of calculating the root of a nonlinear equation. Interestingly, in the case of two rarefaction waves, this root can even be found analytically. Our procedure is straightforward to implement numerically and improves the efficiency of numerical codes based on exact Riemann solvers.

scholarly journals Uniqueness of rarefaction waves in multidimensional compressible Euler system

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Feireisl ◽  
Ondřej Kreml
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Rarefaction Wave ◽  
Riemann Problem ◽  
Euler System ◽  
Entropy Solutions ◽  
Infinitely Many Solutions ◽  
Rarefaction Waves ◽  
Convex Integration ◽  
Wave Solutions ◽  
Compressible Euler

We show that 1D rarefaction wave solutions are unique in the class of bounded entropy solutions to the multidimensional compressible Euler system. Such a result may be viewed as a counterpart of the recent examples of non-uniqueness of the shock wave solutions to the Riemann problem, where infinitely many solutions are constructed by the method of convex integration.

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