Generic delimitations in the family Stictidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota): the Stictis–Conotrema problem

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats WEDIN ◽  
Heidi DÖRING ◽  
Kristina KÖNBERG ◽  
Gunnar GILENSTAM
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Natural Groups ◽  
High Support

The family Stictidaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) contains both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi. Here, we test if Conotrema (lichenized) and Stictis (non-lichenized) as currently delimited are distinct monophyletic genera, by parsimony and parsimony jackknifing analyses of combined nuclear rDNA (ITS and partial LSU rDNA) and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequence data matrices. The study includes four species of Stictis, three species of Conotrema, and representatives of the related Schizoxylon (lichenized), Odontotrema, Carestiella (at least sometimes associated with algae), Cryptodiscus and Thelotrema (lichenized). In all analyses, the Conotrema species were nested within Stictis with high support. Thus, we conclude that Conotrema are only lichenized representatives of Stictis. The type species of the two generic names, C. urceolatum and S. radiata, are sister taxa in our analyses. Furthermore, the analysis gave no support for the present infrageneric classification of Stictis. Carestiella socia (the type of Carestiella) and the two representatives of Schizoxylon studied were also nested within Stictis s. lat. The Odontotremataceae is the sister group to the Stictidaceae, and Cryptodiscus foveolaris groups with Thelotrema rather than with the Stictidaceae. We conclude that lichenization in the Stictidaceae does not characterize natural groups, and that Conotrema should be considered a synonym to Stictis, as predicted by anatomical characteristics. The new combinations Stictis urceolatum and Stictis populorum are made.

scholarly journals Sequence data from isolated lichen-associated melanized fungi enhance delimitation of two new lineages within Chaetothyriomycetidae

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-927
Author(s):  
Lucia Muggia ◽  
Yu Quan ◽  
Cécile Gueidan ◽  
Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi ◽  
Martin Grube ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rock Inhabiting Fungi ◽  
Stable Habitat

AbstractLichen thalli provide a long-lived and stable habitat for colonization by a wide range of microorganisms. Increased interest in these lichen-associated microbial communities has revealed an impressive diversity of fungi, including several novel lineages which still await formal taxonomic recognition. Among these, members of the Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes usually occur asymptomatically in the lichen thalli, even if they share ancestry with fungi that may be parasitic on their host. Mycelia of the isolates are characterized by melanized cell walls and the fungi display exclusively asexual propagation. Their taxonomic placement requires, therefore, the use of DNA sequence data. Here, we consider recently published sequence data from lichen-associated fungi and characterize and formally describe two new, individually monophyletic lineages at family, genus, and species levels. The Pleostigmataceae fam. nov. and Melanina gen. nov. both comprise rock-inhabiting fungi that associate with epilithic, crust-forming lichens in subalpine habitats. The phylogenetic placement and the monophyly of Pleostigmataceae lack statistical support, but the family was resolved as sister to the order Verrucariales. This family comprises the species Pleostigma alpinum sp. nov., P. frigidum sp. nov., P. jungermannicola, and P. lichenophilum sp. nov. The placement of the genus Melanina is supported as a lineage within the Chaetothyriales. To date, this genus comprises the single species M. gunde-cimermaniae sp. nov. and forms a sister group to a large lineage including Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriaceae, Cyphellophoraceae, and Trichomeriaceae. The new phylogenetic analysis of the subclass Chaetothyiomycetidae provides new insight into genus and family level delimitation and classification of this ecologically diverse group of fungi.

Further phylogenetic studies of the Polychaeta using 18S rDNA sequence data

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Hall ◽  
Pat A. Hutchings ◽  
Donald J. Colgan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
18S Rdna Sequence

The integration of molecular and morphological approaches has produced substantial progress in understanding the higher classification of most major invertebrate groups. The striking exception to this is the Polychaeta. Neither the membership nor the higher classification of this group has been robustly established. Major inconsistencies exist between the only comprehensive cladistic analysis of Polychaeta using morphological data and the DNA sequence studies covering all or part of the taxon.We have compiled a dataset of available nearly complete 18S ribosomal DNA sequences and collected an additional 22 sequences (20 Polychaeta in 19 taxa, one Myzostomida and one Phoronida) to obtain more comprehensive coverage of polychaete diversity for this gene. Analyses of the data do not resolve all inconsistencies among current hypotheses of polychaete phylogeny. They do support the recognition (in whole or part) of some clades such as the Eunicida, Phyllodocida and Terebellida that have been proposed on morphological grounds. Our analyses contradict the Canalipalpata and the Scolecida. Although the polychaete sister-group to the Clitellata is not clearly resolved in our analyses, the clitellates are always recovered as a derived clade within the Polychaeta. Increased taxon sampling is required to elucidate further the phylogeny of the Polychaeta.

Hermatomyces trangensis sp. nov., a new dematiaceous hyphomycete (Hermatomycetaceae, Pleosporales) on sugar palm in Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 391 (5) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
SALILAPORN NUANKAEW ◽  
SATINEE SUETRONG ◽  
TUKSADON WUTIKHUN ◽  
UMPAWA PINRUAN
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
The Family ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Peripheral Cells

A new species of a hyphomycetous fungus, Hermatomyces trangensis, was collected during an investigation of the diversity of palm fungi in Na Yong district, Trang province, Southern Thailand, and is introduced in this paper based on morphological and molecular evidence. The fungus is characterized by the production of only one type of conidia, globose or subglobose in front view, broadly ellipsoidal or oblong in lateral view, with dark brown to black central cells and subhyaline to pale brown peripheral cells and sporulation in culture. Phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU rDNA, LSU rDNA, ITS rDNA, TEF1 and RPB2 sequence data using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches placed the fungus within a strongly supported clade with other Hermatomyces species within the family Hermatomycetaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Morphologically, it is similar to other taxa with only one type of conidia such as H. sphaericus, H. sphaericoides and H. verrucosus but molecular data clearly support H. trangensis as distinct from those species.

Tamhinispora saraburiensis sp. nov. (Tubeufiaceae, Dothideomycetes) on bamboo in Thailand based on morphology & phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 402 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUJINDA SOMMAI ◽  
SALILAPORN NUANKAEW ◽  
PHONGSWAT KHAMSUNTORN ◽  
SATINEE SUETRONG ◽  
UMPAWA PINRUAN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

Tamhinispora saraburiensis sp. nov. was collected on decaying culms of bamboo in Saraburi Province, Thailand. Tamhinispora saraburiensis is characterized as dark brown to black, obpyriform, and dictyoseptate and has conidia with long appendages arising from the conidial tip. Phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS and LSU rDNA sequence data demonstrated that this species formed distinctly from other species and that it belongs in the family Tubeufiaceae. Tamhinispora saraburiensis is therefore introduced here with a description, morphological illustrations and molecular data. A key to the species of Tamhinispora is provided.

Mimaporia, a new genus of Epicopeiidae (Lepidoptera), with description of a new species from Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4254 (5) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIA-HSUAN WEI ◽  
SHEN-HORN YEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The Epicopeiidae is a small geometroid family distributed in the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions. It exhibits high morphological diversity in body size and wing shape, while their wing patterns involve in various complex mimicry rings. In the present study, we attempted to describe a new genus, and a new species from Vietnam, with comments on two assumed congeneric novel species from China and India. To address its phylogenetic affinity, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the family by using sequence data of COI, EF-1α, and 28S gene regions obtained from seven genera of Epicopeiidae with Pseudobiston pinratanai as the outgroup. We also compared the morphology of the new taxon to other epicopeiid genera to affirm its taxonomic status. The results suggest that the undescribed taxon deserve a new genus, namely Mimaporia gen. n. The species from Vietnam, Mimaporia hmong sp. n., is described as new to science. Under different tree building strategies, the new genus is the sister group of either Chatamla Moore, 1881 or Parabraxas Leech, 1897. The morphological evidence, which was not included in phylogenetic analyses, however, suggests its potential affinity with Burmeia Minet, 2003. This study also provides the first, although preliminary, molecular phylogeny of the family on which the revised systematics and interpretation of character evolution can be based. 

scholarly journals Redescription, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. comb., With Establishment of a New Genus Pseudosincirra nov. gen. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Qiuyue Tang ◽  
Jingbao Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Original Population ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The morphology and morphogenesis of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. gen. and nov. comb., isolated from southern China, were investigated with living observation and protargol staining. Our population is similar to the original population in living characteristics and ciliary patterns. The main determinable morphogenetic features of P. longicirrata nov. comb. are the presence of five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (FVT-anlagen) and a dorsomarginal kinety anlage. According to the origin of FVT-anlagen IV and V in proter, it can be determined that P. longicirrata nov. comb. possesses two frontoventral rows and one right marginal row. Hence, a new genus, Pseudosincirra nov. gen., is proposed, and the diagnosis of P. longicirrata nov. comb. is improved. The new genus is diagnosed as follows: adoral zone of membranelles and undulating membranes is in a Gonostomum pattern; there are three enlarged frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, and one parabuccal cirrus; postperistomial cirrus and transverse cirri are lacking; there are two more or less long frontoventral rows and one right and two or more left marginal rows; cirri within all rows very widely spaced; dorsal kinety pattern is of Urosomoida type, that is, three dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; and caudal cirri are present. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal (SSU rDNA) sequence data indicate that P. longicirrata nov. comb. clusters with Deviata and Perisincirra. It is considered that Pseudosincirra nov. gen. and Perisincirra paucicirrata should be assigned to the family Deviatidae; fine cirri, and cirri within all rows being relatively widely spaced, should be considered as plesiomorphies of Deviatidae; and Deviatidae is closely related to Dorsomarginalia or Strongylidium–Hemiamphisiella–Pseudouroleptus.

Traditional Infrageneric Classification of Gymnopilus Is Not Supported by Ribosomal DNA Sequence Data

Mycologia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guzman-Davalos ◽  
Gregory M. Mueller ◽  
Joaquin Cifuentes ◽  
Andrew N. Miller ◽  
Anne Santerre
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Ribosomal Dna Sequence

The complete description of larval stages of the lobster shrimpLeonardsaxius amurensis(Kobjakova, 1937) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) identified by DNA barcoding

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena S. Kornienko ◽  
Darya D. Golubinskaya ◽  
Olga M. Korn ◽  
Svetlana N. Sharina
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
First Time

The complete larval development of the lobster shrimpLeonardsaxius amurensis(Kobjakova, 1937) (Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae) is described and illustrated for the first time. The first zoeae of this species were collected from the plankton samples and reared in the laboratory before moulting to the megalopa. A molecular genetic analysis based on comparison of partial mitochondrial COI, 12S rDNA and 16S rDNA sequence data confirmed the identity of axiid larvae found in the plankton andL. amurensisadults collected in the same area. The larval development ofL. amurensisincludes five zoeal stages and a single megalopa. Zoeae I ofL. amurensisare characterized by the presence of one short posterodorsal spine on the fifth pleonite in contrast to the larvae of related sympatric speciesBoasaxius princepshaving four posterodorsal spines on the pleonites 2–5.Leonardsaxius amurensisoccupies an intermediate position between lobster shrimps with abbreviated pelagic development (2–3 zoeal stages) and species with long development (up to eight zoeal stages). Thus, the number of zoeal stages in the family Axiidae varies widely, similarly to that in the families Callianassidae and Upogebiidae.

The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4353 (3) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. GARY STILES ◽  
J. V. JR. REMSEN ◽  
JIMMY A. MCGUIRE
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Traditional Classification

The generic nomenclature of the hummingbirds is unusually complicated. McGuire et al.’s (2014) recent phylogeny of the Trochilidae based on DNA sequence data has greatly clarified relationships within the family but conflicts strongly with the traditional classification of the family at the genus level, especially that of the largest and most recently derived clade, the Trochilini or “emeralds”. We recently presented a historical review of this classification and the generic modifications required by the Code of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Herein we present a revised generic classification of the Trochilini based upon McGuire et al.’s genetic data, while producing diagnosable generic groupings and preserving nomenclatural stability insofar as possible. However, this generic rearrangement has necessitated the resurrection of nine generic names currently considered synonyms, the synonymization of seven currently recognized genera and the creation of one new genus. The generic changes we recommend to the classification are drastic, and we summarize these in tabular form in comparison with the three most recent classifications of the Trochilini. Where appropriate, we outline alternatives to our proposed arrangement. The classification treats 110 species in 35 genera, including two species that remain unplaced for lack of genetic samples. 

On the phylogeny of the Dytiscidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) with emphasis on the morphology of the female reproductive system

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly B. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Family ◽  
Character Evidence ◽  
Female Genital System ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Female Genital

AbstractCharacters from adult morphology are analyzed cladistically to infer the phylogeny of the family Dytiscidae. The analysis is based on examination of 233 species of Dytiscidae and several outgroup taxa including members of Noteridae, Amphizoidae, Hygrobiidae and Carabidae. Members of all currently recognized tribes of Dytiscidae are represented except Anisomeriini Brinck, Hydronebriini Guignot and Carabhydrini Watts. Emphasis is placed on identifying informative characters from the female genital system that comprise 34 of the resulting 101 total characters. The consensus of the most parsimonious trees is well resolved and supports recognition of ten subfamilies of Dytiscidae including; Matinae van den Branden, Laccophilinae Gistel, Coptotominae van den Branden, Copelatinae Erichson, Hydroporinae Aubé, Agabinae Thomson, Colymbetinae Erichson, Lancetinae van den Branden and Dytiscinae Leach. Also, Hydrodytes Miller, NEW GENUS, is erected and placed in its own subfamily, Hydrodytinae, NEW SUBFAMILY, to include two species previously placed in Agaporomorphus Zimmermann (Copelatinae), H. opalinus (Zimmermann) (NEW COMBINATION) and H. dodgei (Young) (NEW COMBINATION). Hydrodytinae is sister group to Hydroporinae and is diagnosed by the presence of anterior apodemes on the gonocoxae, several characters of the metendosternite (each synapomorphic with Hydroporinae), lack of pseudotetramerous pro- and mesotarsi, lack of a declivitous prosternum and prosternal process, the scutellum visible with the elytra closed (all plesiomorphic), the rami of the female genitalia sinuate and dorsally with an opalescent sheen (each autapomorphic for Hydrodytinae). Matinae is resolved as the sister group to the remaining Dytiscidae. Hyphydrini Sharp is found to be paraphyletic with respect to Pachydrini Biström, Nilsson and Wewalka, and the latter is relegated to a junior subjective synonym of the former (NEW SYNONYMY). Hydroporini Aubé and Hygrotini Portevin are found to be para- or polyphyletic. No changes are made to the classification of these taxa since character evidence is relatively weak, and taxon sampling within Hydroporinae is inadequate to justify changes. Carabdytes Balke, Hendrich and Wewalka is found to be the sister taxon to the remaining Colymbetinae, and because of its unique combination of characters and phylogenetic placement it is included in its own tribe, Carabdytini Pederzani (RESURRECTED). All other examined tribes of Dytiscidae are monophyletic. The female genitalia are described and figured for numerous taxa across the family, and numerous other characters are described and figured. The evolution of various features of the female genitalia within Dytiscidae is discussed. The resulting phylogenetic hypothesis is compared and contrasted with other phylogenetic proposals.

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