New methods for mycocalicioid fungi

AbstractThe identification of mycocalicioid species continues to be based on morphological and chemical characters, even though molecular data and substratum preferences can provide many important insights into specific problems associated with species delimitation and other taxonomic challenges. Our results reinforce the usefulness of many morphological and chemical characteristics and reveal several new features that can be used for both species delimitation and identification. Given the fact that mycocalicioid species can rarely be distinguished by just a single character, combinations of different chemical and morphological characteristics must be used. Additional characteristics must also be sought, including those that have previously been overlooked or still need to be discovered. As a result of this search, we introduce a new term, pseudohemiamyloid, for a reversible, KOH resistant/enhanced reaction in Lugol's solution.

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Two new species of the genus Crangonyx Bate, 1859 (Amphipoda: Crangonyctidae) from the St. Marks River Basin with notes on the “Crangonyx floridanus complex”

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4691.4.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4691 (4) ◽

pp. 301-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ANDREW G. CANNIZZARO ◽

THOMAS R. SAWICKI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Related Species ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Species Complex ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Leon County ◽

Two New Species ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

Crangonyx ephemerus n. sp. and Crangonyx pseudoephemerus n. sp. are described from the headwaters of the St. Marks River in Leon County, Florida, based on detailed morphological and molecular comparisons with the closely related species Crangonyx floridanus Bousfield, 1963. The morphological and molecular data, including three species delimitation models, lend support to the hypothesis that the taxon C. floridanus sensu lato represents a species complex. Diagnostic morphological characteristics are highlighted and discussed within this group to assist in future morphological analyses.

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Integrative taxonomy of the genus Pseudostegana (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from China, with descriptions of eleven new species

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jinming Lu ◽

Yuan Zhang ◽

Hongwei Chen

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Southwestern China ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Nuclear Locus ◽

Barcode Gap

The genus Pseudostegana (Okada, 1978) currently contains thirty-nine described species. A number of Pseudostegana were collected from the fieldwork in southwestern China from 2010 to 2017. Eleven new species were discovered and are described from southwestern China: Pseudostegana alpina Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana amnicola Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana amoena Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana mailangang Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana meiduo Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana meiji Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana mystica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana stictiptrata Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana stigmatptera Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.; Pseudostegana ximalaya Zhang & Chen, sp. nov. and Pseudostegana zhuoma Zhang & Chen, sp. nov. A key to all Chinese Pseudostegana species based on morphological characters is provided. Two mitochondrial loci (COI and ND2) and one nuclear locus (28S rRNA) were sequenced for the Pseudostegana specimens, and Bayesian and RAxML concatenated analyses were run. Molecular species delimitation is performed using the distance-based automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) method. Molecular data support the morphological characteristics observed among these Chinese species and confirm the new species as being distinctly different.

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Investigating the Parasitoid Community Associated with the Invasive Mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis in Southern China

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12040290 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 290

Author(s):

Hua-Yan Chen ◽

Hong-Liang Li ◽

Hong Pang ◽

Chao-Dong Zhu ◽

Yan-Zhou Zhang

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Southern China ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Morphological Examination ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Phenacoccus Solenopsis

The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an emerging invasive insect pest in China. Hymenopteran parasitoids are the key organisms for suppressing populations of P. solenopsis in the field, and therefore could be used as biological agents. Accurate identification of the associated parasitoids is the critical step to assess their potential role in biological control. In this study, we facilitated the identification of the parasitoid composition of P. solenopsis using an integrated approach of species delimitation, combining morphology with molecular data. Eighteen Hymenoptera parasitoid species belonging to 11 genera of four families are recognized based on morphological examination and molecular species delimitation of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene and the 28S rDNA using the automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) and the Bayesian Poisson tree processes model (bPTP). Among these species, eight species are primary parasitoids with Aenasius arizonensis (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) being the dominant taxon, while the other 10 species are probably hyperparasitoids, with a prevalence of Cheiloneurus nankingensis Li & Xu (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). These results indicate that parasitoid wasps associated with P. solenopsis from China are diverse and the integrated taxonomic approach applied in this study could enhance the accurate identification of these parasitoids that should be assessed in future biological control programs.

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Using Trees: Myrmecocystus Phylogeny and Character Evolution and New Methods for Investigating Trait Evolution and Species Delimitation (PhD Dissertation)

Nature Precedings ◽

10.1038/npre.2008.2261.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Brian O’Meara

Keyword(s):

Species Delimitation ◽

Character Evolution ◽

Trait Evolution ◽

New Methods

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Genetic variation among South Brazilian accessions of Lippia alba Mill. (Verbenaceae) detected by ISSR and RAPD markers

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842009000200020 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 375-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

MF. Manica-Cattani ◽

J. Zacaria ◽

G. Pauletti ◽

L. Atti-Serafini ◽

S. Echeverrigaray

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Hierarchical Analysis ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Medicinal Species ◽

Lippia Alba ◽

Very High ◽

Issr Primers

Twenty-seven accessions of Lippia alba Mill. collected in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, were analysed by ISSR and RAPD markers to evaluate their genetic variability and relationships. Six ISSR primers and four RAPD primers generated 120 amplified fragments, most of which were polymorphics. The overall genetic variability among accessions was very high when compared with other plant species. The hierarchical analysis of molecular data (UPGMA) showed low relationship between accessions, and no grouping between accessions of the same chemotype. Canonical functions allowed identifying some variables related with the chemical characteristics of the essential oils. Both ISSR and RAPD markers were efficient to address the genetic diversity of L. alba, and may contribute to the conservation and breeding of this increasingly important aromatic and medicinal species.

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Identification of Fusarium Species Isolated From Stored Apple Fruit in Croatia / Identifikacija Vrsta Roda Fusarium Izoliranih S Plodova Jabuke Nakon Skladištenja

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology ◽

10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2227 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 463-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Zdravka Sever ◽

Dario Ivić ◽

Tomislav Kos ◽

Tihomir Miličević

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Apple Fruit ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Fusarium Rot ◽

Pathogenicity Tests ◽

Apple Fruits

AbstractSeveral species of the genus Fusarium can cause apple fruit to rot while stored. Since Fusarium taxonomy is very complex and has constantly been revised and updated over the last years, the aim of this study was to identify Fusarium species from rotten apples, based on combined morphological characteristics and molecular data.We identified 32 Fusarium isolates from rotten apple fruit of cultivars Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Idared, and Pink Lady, stored in Ultra Low Oxygen (ULO) conditions. Fusarium rot was detected in 9.4 % to 33.2 % of naturally infected apples, depending on the cultivar. The symptoms were similar in all four cultivars: a soft circular brown necrosis of different extent, with or without visible sporulation. Fusarium species were identified by the morphology of cultures grown on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and carnation leaf agar (CLA). Twenty one isolates were identified as Fusarium avenaceum and confirmed as such with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primer pair FA-ITSF and FA-ITSR. F. pseudograminearum,F. semitectum, F. crookwellense, and F. compactum were identified by morphological characteristics. F.avenaceum can produce several mycotoxins and its dominance in Fusarium rot points to the risk of mycotoxin contamination of apple fruit juices and other products for human consumption. Pathogenicity tests showed typical symptoms of Fusarium rot in most of the inoculated wounded apple fruits. In this respect Fusarium avenaceum, as the dominant cause of Fusarium rot in stored apple fruits is a typical wound parasite.

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Species delimitation of colour polymorphic Cladophorus (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from New Guinea

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4320.3.6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4320 (3) ◽

pp. 505 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ROMANA KALOUSOVA ◽

LADISLAV BOCAK

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Related Species ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Morphological Differentiation ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Dna Fragment ◽

Colour Patterns

Cladophorus Guérin-Méneville, 1830 are endemic Papuan net-winged beetles which take part in highly diverse Müllerian mimicry rings. Available specimens were sequenced for cox1–tRNA-Leu–cox2 mitochondrial DNA fragment and the species delimitations were based on the genetic distance, phylogenetic analysis, and morphology. Three earlier described species were identified in the recently collected material and further 10 species are described: C. pallescens sp. nov., C. bicolor sp. nov., C. craterensis sp. nov., C. motykai sp. nov., C. mindikensis sp. nov., C. kailakiensis sp. nov., C. manokwarensis sp. nov., C. haiaensis sp. nov., C. humeralis sp. nov., and C. boceki sp. nov. DNA-based identifications provided some ambiguous results and closely related species could not be robustly delimited using solely molecular data. Additionally, the species limits were based on clearly defined morphological characters and the morphological differentiation was found unlinked from the genetic divergence. Colour patterns cannot be used for identification because all species available in more specimens were polymorphic and followed various local co-mimics. The Papuan fauna of Cladophorus is very diverse and the closely related species regularly occur in limited regions. Differentiation within restricted ranges is therefore considered as the main speciation mode.

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Molecular data indicate that Rhytidhysteron rufulum (ascomycetes, Patellariales) in Costa Rica consists of four distinct lineages corroborated by morphological and chemical characters

Mycological Research ◽

10.1016/j.mycres.2008.09.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 113 (4) ◽

pp. 405-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Catalina Murillo ◽

Federico J. Albertazzi ◽

Julieta Carranza ◽

H. Thorsten Lumbsch ◽

Giselle Tamayo

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Chemical Characters

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Discovery of the first succulent bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) in a new genus from Laos’ karst areas, with a unique adaptation to seasonal drought

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.156.51636 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 156 ◽

pp. 125-137

Author(s):

Thomas Haevermans ◽

Dulce Mantuano ◽

Meng-Yuan Zhou ◽

Vichith Lamxay ◽

Agathe Haevermans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Cellular Level ◽

New Taxon ◽

Seasonal Drought ◽

Paper Document ◽

Woody Bamboos ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities

Lush jungle flagship species, woody bamboos (Poaceae–Bambusoideae) are famed for their synchronous flowering as well as the extensive “bamboo forests” some species can form in tropical or temperate environments. In portions of their natural distribution, Bambusoideae members developed various adaptations to seasonality in environmental parameters, such as frost or seasonal drought. A new taxon, Laobambos calcareus, described here, is extremely novel in showing the first documented case of succulence in bamboos, with its ability to seasonally vary the volume of its stem depending on the quantity of water stored. Anatomical studies presented in this paper document this specificity at the cellular level. Though no flowers or fruits are known yet, unique morphological characteristics along with an investigation of its phylogenetic affinities using molecular data show that this new taxon should belong to a new genus herein described.

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