Discovery of the first succulent bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) in a new genus from Laos’ karst areas, with a unique adaptation to seasonal drought

Lush jungle flagship species, woody bamboos (Poaceae–Bambusoideae) are famed for their synchronous flowering as well as the extensive “bamboo forests” some species can form in tropical or temperate environments. In portions of their natural distribution, Bambusoideae members developed various adaptations to seasonality in environmental parameters, such as frost or seasonal drought. A new taxon, Laobambos calcareus, described here, is extremely novel in showing the first documented case of succulence in bamboos, with its ability to seasonally vary the volume of its stem depending on the quantity of water stored. Anatomical studies presented in this paper document this specificity at the cellular level. Though no flowers or fruits are known yet, unique morphological characteristics along with an investigation of its phylogenetic affinities using molecular data show that this new taxon should belong to a new genus herein described.

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Annulatascus saprophyticus sp. nov. and Pseudoannulatascus gen. nov. to accommodate Annulatascus biatriisporus (Annulatascales, Sordariomycetes) from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.239.2.6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 239 (2) ◽

pp. 174 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zonglong Luo ◽

S.S.N MAHARACHCHIKUMBUR ◽

Xiaoying Liu ◽

Shuhong Li ◽

Lijiao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Gelatinous Matrix ◽

Decaying Wood ◽

Gene Data

A new Annulatascus species, A. saprophyticus, found on decaying wood in freshwater in northern Thailand is introduced in this paper. The new taxon is illustrated, described and compared with other species in the genus, as well as a key to genus is provided. It differs from other species in the genus in having straight up right necks at one end, paraphyses embedded in a gelatinous matrix, and 0–3-septate, fusoid to lunate ascospores, which are larger than other species in the genus. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU gene data showed that A. saprophyticus belongs in Annulatascus sensu strict (Annulatascaceae, Annulatascales, Sordariomycetidae). Based on the molecular data and a reevaluation of morphology, a new genus Pseudoannulatascus in Annulatascaceae is introduced to accommodate Annulatascus biatriisporus.

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New taxa in Drosanthemum and a new genus in Drosanthemeae (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.459.2.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 459 (2) ◽

pp. 139-154

Author(s):

CORNELIA KLAK ◽

PAVEL HANÁČEK ◽

ODETTE CURTIS-SCOTT ◽

ANSO LE ROUX ◽

PETER V. BRUYNS

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Western Cape ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Nomenclatural Change ◽

A New Species

A phylogeny of all nine subgenera of Drosanthemum, based on chloroplast sequence-data, is presented. The results confirm some previously published facts, e.g. that D. zygophylloides is sister to Drosanthemum. We propose to treat this species as a new monotypic genus, Lemonanthemum, which differs from Drosanthemum in features of the leaves and fruit-stalks. In Drosanthemum s.s., the small subg. Quadrata, characterized by 4-locular fruits, is highly supported as sister to the remainder of Drosanthemum (where fruits are 5-locular). Further, our data support the transfer of Delosperma pubipetalum to Drosanthemum (where a nomenclatural change is also made). The pubescent petals, 5-locular fruits with narrow covering membranes and downward-pointing hair-like papillae on the branches suggest that D. pubipetalum is close to D. papillatum and belongs to subg. Quastea. Another species, D. badspoortense, which had been placed in D. subg. Quastea on account of its narrow covering membranes, is shown to belong to Delosperma and also lacks the unique structure of the fruit-stalk of Drosanthemum. In addition, a new species, D. overbergense, is described from disjunct patches of remnant renosterveld within the Overberg and near Albertinia, in the Western Cape of South Africa. Morphological characteristics suggest that this species belongs to subg. Xamera, but this was not corroborated by our molecular data. Finally, a new name—Drosanthemum calcareum—is proposed for the illegitimate D. intermedium and a lectotype (at BOL) is designated for D. pubipetalum. The lectotypification of D. badspoortense is also proposed.

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A new enigmatic Late Miocene mylodontoid sloth from northern South America

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.140256 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 140256 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ascanio D. Rincón ◽

H. Gregory McDonald ◽

Andrés Solórzano ◽

Mónica Núñez Flores ◽

Damián Ruiz-Ramoni

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Late Miocene ◽

Preliminary Analysis ◽

New Genus ◽

New Taxon ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Consensus Tree ◽

Discriminate Analysis ◽

Northern South America ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities

A new genus and species of sloth ( Eionaletherium tanycnemius gen. et sp. nov.) recently collected from the Late Miocene Urumaco Formation, Venezuela (northern South America) is herein described based on a partial skeleton including associated femora and tibiae. In order to make a preliminary analysis of the phylogenetic affinities of this new sloth we performed a discriminate analysis based on several characters of the femur and tibia of selected Mylodontoidea and Megatherioidea sloths. The consensus tree produced indicates that the new sloth, E. tanycnemius , is a member of the Mylodontoidea. Surprisingly, the new taxon shows some enigmatic features among Neogene mylodontoid sloths, e.g. femur with a robust lesser trochanter that projects medially and the straight distinctly elongated tibia. The discovery of E. tanycnemius increases the diversity of sloths present in the Urumaco sequence to ten taxa. This taxon supports previous studies of the sloth assemblage from the Urumaco sequence as it further indicates that there are several sloth lineages present that are unknown from the better sampled areas of southern South America.

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Undiscovered Biodiversity of the European Moss Flora: Neodicranella hamulosa (Aongstroemiaceae), a New Genus and Species from SW Portugal

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10112289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2289

Author(s):

Ronald D. Porley ◽

Vladimir Fedosov ◽

Vítězslav Plášek ◽

Alina Fedorova

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Novel Species ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

The Family ◽

Bioclimatic Zone ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Sw Portugal

A new genus is described to accommodate Neodicranella hamulosa, a novel species resolved in the family Aongstroemiaceae, from the Monchiquense district in SW Portugal. Characterized by its small size, erect spreading to subsecund non-sheathing leaves, plane bistratose leaf margins, and rhizoidal gemmae with slightly protruberant cells, it differs from all other European Dicranellaceae in the uniquely patterned distal peristome segments with backward-pointing papillae resembling hooked barbs. The species appears to be endemic to the sub-Mediterranean bioclimatic zone, in wooded biomes where humidity remains relatively high throughout the year. Morphological and molecular data strongly support the singularity of this new taxon. The species is illustrated by photomicrographs and SEM, and its ecology and conservation are discussed.

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Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic analyses of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

10.21203/rs.2.19980/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Shao ◽

Jiyang Ma ◽

Yan Zhao ◽

Tengyue Zhang ◽

Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Posterior Part ◽

Northwest China ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

Division Pattern ◽

Exact Position ◽

Single Mass ◽

Almost All

Abstract Background: Ciliated protists, a huge assemblage of unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and play important roles in ecosystem in almost all kinds of habitats. Even though there is a growing recognition that those organisms associate with many ecological or environmental processes, their biodiversity, due to many reasons, is poorly understood and many biotopes (e.g. the soil in desert area in Asia) remain largely unknown or unconsidered. Here we document an undescribed form found in sludge soil in a halt-desert inland in China and the taxonomic/ morphogenetic surveys indicate that it represents a new genus and new species, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. which is supported also by molecular data.Results: This new, monotypic genus Parasincirra n. g. is defined by having three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features of the new taxon are: (1) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen II to VI are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum-pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellidae Jankowski, 1979. The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and Uroleptoides Wenzel, 1953/ Parabistichella Jiang et al., 2013, as well as other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra.

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A new genus of Nearctic oak gall wasp, Grahamstoneia Melika & Nicholls, gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4999.5.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4999 (5) ◽

pp. 456-468

Author(s):

GEORGE MELIKA ◽

JAMES A. NICHOLLS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Genus ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Taxon ◽

Related Genus ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Gall Wasp ◽

Asexual Generation ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

One New Species

A new genus, Grahamstoneia Melika & Nicholls, gen. nov., with one new species, G. humboldti Melika & Nicholls, sp. nov., asexual generation, is described. This new taxon occurs in the south-western Nearctic, inducing galls on two species within Quercus section Protobalanus (Q. vacciniifolia Kellogg and Q. chrysolepis Liebm.), an ecology and distribution shared with the closely related genus Heteroecus Kinsey. Descriptions, diagnoses, biology, and host associations for the new genus and species are given. The new taxon is supported by morphological and molecular data.

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Multi-Gene Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Haplohelminthosporium gen. nov. and Helminthosporiella gen. nov. Associated with Palms in Thailand and A Checklist for Helminthosporium Reported Worldwide

Life ◽

10.3390/life11050454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 454

Author(s):

Sirinapa Konta ◽

Kevin D. Hyde ◽

Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽

Ausana Mapook ◽

Chanokned Senwanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Taxa ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Full Description ◽

New Taxon ◽

New Genera ◽

Diverse Range

Palms (Arecaceae) are substrates for a highly diverse range of fungi. Many species are known as saprobes and many are important plant pathogens. Over the course of our studies of micro-fungi from palms in Thailand, two new taxa were discovered. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, and tef1-α sequence data revealed their taxonomic positions within Massarinaceae. There are currently ten genera identified and accepted in Massarinaceae, with the addition of the two new genera of Haplohelminthosporium and Helminthosporiella, that are introduced in this paper. Each new genus is provided with a full description and notes, and each new taxon is provided with an illustration for the holotype. A list of identified and accepted species of Helminthosporium with morphology, host information, locality, sequence data, and related references of Helminthosporium reported worldwide is provided based on records in Species Fungorum 2021. This work provides a micro-fungi database of Haplohelminthosporium, Helminthosporiella, and Helminthosporium which can be modified and validated as new data come to light.

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A new species of Obba (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.309.2.5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 309 (2) ◽

pp. 143

Author(s):

GUANG-JUAN REN ◽

ANAN THAWTHONG ◽

KEVIN-DAVID HYDE ◽

FANG WU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Smooth Tube ◽

New Taxon ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Pine Wood ◽

Distinct Lineage ◽

Thin Walled ◽

A New Species

Obba thailandica sp. nov. is described and illustrated from northern Thailand based on evidence from morphological characteristics and molecular data. The species produces annual, resupinate, white and waxy fresh basidiocarps, which become bone hard when dry, and has a very thin subiculum (< 0.1 mm), tomentose tube openings, weakly dextrinoid hyphae, variably shaped cystidioles, thin-walled and subglobose to globose basidiospores (4.8–5.8 × 4–4.9 μm) mostly with a large guttule and grows on charred pine wood. The new taxon is rather similar to O. rivulosa in both morphology and ecology, but O. rivulosa has fragile tubes when dry, a thick subiculum (up to 1 mm wide), smooth tube openings, indextrinoid hyphae, rhomboidal to irregular rosettes crystals on the tramal hyphae and long basidia (16–27 × 6–9.5 µm). In the phylogeny inferred from an ITS dataset, the new species forms a distinct lineage in the Obba clade and is closely related to O. rivulosa.

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Phylogenetic relationships and description of Bolivar, a new genus of Neotropical doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is13021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 673 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón ◽

Andrea Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽

Carlos E. Sarmiento ◽

Carlos Pedraza-Lara ◽

E. Karen López-Estrada

Keyword(s):

Central America ◽

Morphological Analysis ◽

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Hind Wing ◽

South American ◽

New Taxon ◽

Undescribed Species ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities ◽

South American Origin

Metasomal elongation is a common feature in species of various parasitoid Hymenoptera, probably due to adaptive morphological convergence to similar parasitoid strategies. The braconid subfamily Doryctinae is perhaps where this feature has evolved the most times independently. Here we recognise a new Neotropical doryctine wasp genus with a petiolate first metasomal tergum, based on molecular and morphological analysis. The phylogenetic affinities of the new genus within Doryctinae and the relationships among six of its described and three potentially cryptic, undescribed species were reconstructed using sequence data from three genes, wingless, 28SrDNA and COI. The new genus is resolved in a clade together with Semirhytus Szépligeti, Johnsonius Marsh and Parallorhogas Marsh. These four genera share vein m-cu of the hind wing slightly curved distally and the propodeum with a distinct lateral and median longitudinal carina and an apical areola. The relationships recovered among the examined species suggest a South American origin for the new genus and its subsequent diversification into Central America and Mexico. Described as Bolivar, gen. nov., this new taxon comprises eight species, two species previously placed within Notiospathius Matthews & Marsh, B. ornaticornis (Cameron), comb. nov., and B. bribri (Marsh), comb. nov., and six new species (B. ecuadorensis, sp. nov., B. helmuthi, sp. nov., B. pittieri, sp. nov., B. risaraldae, sp. nov., B. teres, sp. nov. and B. tuxtlae, sp. nov.).

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A new fossil soldier beetle (Coleoptera, Cantharidae, Silinae) from Eocene Baltic amber

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4370.2.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4370 (2) ◽

pp. 189 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

FABRIZIO FANTI ◽

MICHAEL J. PANKOWSKI

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

The Other ◽

Taxonomic Position ◽

Baltic Amber ◽

Lateral Margin ◽

New Taxon ◽

New Genus And Species

A new genus and species of fossil soldier beetle Markus karenae gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Eocene Baltic amber. Its morphological characteristics place it in the taxonomic position of the subfamily Silinae. It is characterized by a particular lateral pronotal shape with two difform processes, pronotum slightly longer than wide, with a blunt and evident angle near the basal angles, anterior and posterior margins flat and with shallow punctation, and lateral margin strongly granulose and in relief. Furthermore, each of its legs has a claw with one acute tooth at the base, except for the posterior legs where the tooth appears to be blunt. The new taxon is morphologically compared with the other fossil representatives of Silinae from Baltic amber, and with extant Palearctic genera.

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