Two new Pseudoceros (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Pseudocerotidae) from Agatti Island, India and a species checklist from Indian waters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Dixit ◽  
Hashim Manjebrayakath ◽  
Narayanane Saravanane
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Indian Coast ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Faunal Studies ◽  
Lakshadweep Archipelago

Abstract The Lakshadweep archipelago constitutes a major coral region of India but still lacks sufficient biodiversity data owing to its remoteness and a low number of faunal studies in the past. The present paper describes two new Pseudoceros species collected from Agatti Island, Lakshadweep, India. Pseudoceros bipurpurea sp. nov. and Pseudoceros galaxea sp. nov. are described based on external and internal characters, supported with histological studies and photographs. Pseudoceros bipurpurea sp. nov. is characterized by a cream background colour and an orange median line surrounded by dense patches of purple spots, which tend to disperse and broaden towards the posterior end. Pseudoceros galaxea sp. nov. displays a brown background colour with numerous white to cream dots covering almost the entire dorsal surface and a thin black margin. This study adds two new species to the polyclad fauna in Indian waters, raising the count to 68 species. An updated checklist of polyclads from Indian coast is also provided.

Dina orientalis sp. nov. —an overlooked new leech (Annelida: Hirudinea: Erpobdellidae) species from the Near and Middle East

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2746 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLEMENS GROSSER ◽  
HASKO F. NESEMANN ◽  
VLADIMIR PEŠIĆ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The new species described here has, for a long time, been confused with Dina stschegolewi (Lukin & Epshtein, 1960), a species described from Krym (the Crimean Peninsula, Ukraine). Both species are similar in having rows of yellow spots on the dorsal surface. As the latter species had been poorly defined in the past, all yellow spotted specimens of the genus Dina Blanchard, from the area of the Near and Middle East, were attributed to Dina stschegolewi (Rückert 1985, Nesemann 1993, Nesemann & Neubert 1999). Prof. V. M. Epshtein (Wuppertal/Germany, oral communication) suspected that the specimens attributed to Dina stschegolewi by Nesemann (1993) and Nesemann & Neubert (1999) differed from the species from Krym. Furthermore, Grosser & Pešić (2006) mentioned that populations of Dina stschegolewi sensu Nesemann, 1993 most probably belong to a new species.

A new species of Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura: Brachycephalidae) of the I. lactea species series from southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4706 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO P. G. TAUCCE ◽  
BÁRBARA F. ZAIDAN ◽  
HUSSAM ZAHER ◽  
PAULO C. A. GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Past ◽  
A New Species ◽  
High Support

We describe a new species of Ischnocnema from the Serra da Bocaina mountain range, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, based on morphological, bioacoustic, and mtDNA data. The new species is retrieved with high support values within the I. lactea species series as the sister species of I. spanios. Ischnocnema bocaina sp. nov. is characterized by its medium size (18.6–19.0 mm), a smooth venter, a rounded snout in dorsal view and acuminate in lateral view, a slightly expanded subgular, single vocal sac, a round and whitish, poorly-developed glandular-appearing nuptial pad on the dorsal surface of the thumb, and a nonpulsed advertisement call with 9 to 18 notes. We raise to 38 the number of Ischnocnema species, the 12th described in the past 10 years.

scholarly journals Is Occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Exclusive Economic Zone of India on the Rise?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Padmakumar ◽  
N. R. Menon ◽  
V. N. Sanjeevan
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Exclusive Economic Zone ◽  
Prorocentrum Lima ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Frequency Intensity

Occurrence, increase in frequency, intensity and spatial coverage of harmful algal blooms during the past decade in the EEZ of India are documented here. Eighty algal blooms were recorded during the period 1998–2010. Of the eighty algal blooms, 31 blooms were formed by dinoflagellates, 27 by cyanobacteria, and 18 by diatoms. Three raphidophyte and one haptophyte blooms were also observed. Potentially toxic microalgae recorded from the Indian waters were Alexandrium spp., Gymnodinium spp. Dinophysis spp., Coolia monotis, Prorocentrum lima, and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Examination of available data from the literature during the last hundred years and in situ observations during 1998–2010 indicates clear-cut increase in the occurrence of HABs in the Indian EEZ.

scholarly journals Bringing a Semantic MediaWiki Flora to Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e25885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Pender ◽  
Joel L. Sachs ◽  
James Macklin ◽  
Hong Cui ◽  
Andru Vallance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biodiversity Knowledge ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Semantic Mediawiki ◽  
Ongoing Project

The existing web representation of the Flora of North America (FNA) project needs improvement. Despite being electronically available, it has little more functionality than its printed counterpart. Over the past few years, our team has been working diligently to build a new more effective online presence for the FNA. The main objective is to capitalize on modern Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools built for biodiversity data (Explorer of Taxon Concepts or ETC; Cui et al. 2016), and present the FNA online in both machine and human readable formats. With machine-comprehensible data, the mobilization and usability of flora treatments is enhanced and capabilities for data linkage to a Biodiversity Knowledge Graph (Page 2016) are enabled. For example, usability of treatments increases when morphological statements are parsed into finely grained pieces of data using ETC, because these data can be easily traversed across taxonomic groups to reveal trends. Additionally, the development of new features in our online FNA is facilitated by FNA data parsing and processing in ETC, including a feature to enable users to explore all treatments and illustrations generated by an author of interest. The current status of the ongoing project to develop a Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) platform for the FNA is presented here. New features recently implemented are introduced, challenges in assembling the Semantic MediaWiki are discussed, and future opportunities, which include the integration of additional floras and data sources, are explored. Furthermore, implications of standardization of taxonomic treatments, which work such as this entails, will be discussed.

scholarly journals Histology of larval eye—antennal disks and cephalic ganglia of Drosophila cultured in vitro

Development ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
Imogene Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Prepupal Stage ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
The Past

In the past decade, a relatively large number of reports have been published on the culture in vitro of organs of Drosophila melanogaster. The majority of these reports have been concerned with the development of the eye-antennal complex explanted, with or without the attached cephalic ganglia, from the prepupal stage (Demal, 1956) or from late second and third larval instar stages (Kuroda & Yamaguchi, 1956; Gottschewski, 1958, 1960, 1962; Gottschewski & Querner, 1961; Fugio, 1962; Schneider, 1964). With the exception of the work of Demal (1956), the above reports have been confined to descriptions of the developing explants solely in morphological terms and, as such, are not wholly adequate for comparisons to be made between development in vivo and in vitro. If, however, such descriptions are supplemented with histological studies, a more valid appreciation can be gained of the potentialities as well as the limitations of such explants under conditions in vitro.

scholarly journals The terrestrial mammals of Mozambique: Integrating dispersed biodiversity data

Bothalia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Q. Neves ◽  
Maria Da Luz Mathias ◽  
Cristiane Bastos-Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Biodiversity Information

Background: The most comprehensive synopsis of the mammal fauna of Mozambique was published in 1976, listing 190 species of terrestrial mammals. Up-to-date knowledge of the country’s biodiversity is crucial to establish the baseline information needed for conservation and management actions.Objectives: The aim of this article was to present a list of terrestrial mammal species reported from Mozambique, based on primary occurrence data.Method: We integrated existing knowledge, from dispersed sources of biodiversity data: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility portal, natural history collections, survey reports and literature. Data were updated and manually curated. However, none of the specimens upon which occurrences are based was directly observed. To partly overcome this impediment, we developed a species selection process for specimen data. This process produced the country’s species checklist and an additional list of species with questionable occurrence in the country.Results: From the digital and non-digital sources, we compiled more than 17 000 records. The data integrated resulted in a total of 217 mammal species (representing 14 orders, 39 families and 133 genera) with supported occurrence in Mozambique and 23 species with questionable reported occurrence in the country.Conclusion: The diversity of species accounted for is considerable as more than 70% of species present in the southern African subregion are found in Mozambique. We consider that the current number of mammal species in Mozambique is still underestimated. The methodological approach for species selection for specimen data can be adapted to update species checklists of crucial importance to countries facing similar lack of knowledge regarding their biodiversity.

scholarly journals Morphometric and meristic analyses of Randall’s threadfin bream Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 along the Indian coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugesan Srihari ◽  
Suraj Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Annam Pavan-Kumar ◽  
Shashi Bhushan ◽  
Binaya Bushan Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Indian Coast ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Eye Diameter ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Fin Length

Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986 is one of the commercially important demersal fish in Indian waters. The present study was designed to understand the morphometric and meristic variations between the stocks of N. randalli along the Indian coast. A total of 450 samples were collected from 5 maritime states during September 2018 to November 2018. A total of 19 morphometric and 9 meristic traits were extracted and subjected to statistical analyses. Factor analysis showed that morphometric characteristics like eye diameter, head length, pre-pectoral length, post-orbital length, anal fin length and caudal peduncle depth were significant in separating the stocks. Discriminant function analysis showed a high re-classification success rate of 80.43%. Kruskal-Wallis test of meristic traits revealed lack of difference between the stocks. Results indicated the presence of different phenotypic stocks along the Indian coast and therefore the need for separate management strategies for sustaining the catch of N. randalli in the future.

Gross morphological studies on the sternum of crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.P. Choudhary ◽  
P.C. Kalita ◽  
T.K. Rajkhowa ◽  
R.S. Arya ◽  
A. Kalita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Lateral Border ◽  
Lateral Process ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Quadrilateral Plate ◽  
Flat Bone

The present study was designed to elucidate the morphological characteristics of sternum of crested serpent eagle. The sternum was a thin, flat bone with a body, rostrum and keel. The body was quadrilateral plate with concave dorsal and convex ventral surfaces and four borders. Numerous pneumatic foramina were present on the dorsal surface. The ventral surface presented a large, boat shaped keel along its median line. The cranial border was convex and thick and two pneumatic foramina were present behind the cranial border on the ventral surface of sternum. The facets for coracoid bones were located just below the cranial border. The lateral border on either side presented six articular facets for sternal ribs. The triangular pointed cranio-lateral process was observed at the junction of cranial and lateral border on either side. The caudal border was convex and caudo-lateral processes were absent. Two distinct oval foramina were seen near the caudal border. The rostrum or sternal spine was smaller and located just below the cranial border of the body of the sternum. The sternum presented a well-developed triangular keel located along the midline of the ventral surface of the body of sternum.

scholarly journals Synovial biopsies in clinical practice and research: current developments and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Johnsson ◽  
Aurélie Najm
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Synovial Biopsy ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
And Training ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

AbstractSynovial biopsy techniques have developed and widely expanded over the past few years, in particular due to the development of ultrasound-guided procedures. This article reviews the different techniques, clinical applications, and the latest advances in translational research as well as current challenges and perspectives. The first part focuses on different techniques available for biopsy, along with their feasibility, success rate, tolerance, and training requirements. In the second part, clinical applications are described. Data on diagnostic performances are reported, especially regarding septic arthritis. Translational research applications are described and explained in the final part, from the early histological studies and the first description of pathotype to more recent technologies involving -omics. Latest developments involving single-cell RNA sequence analysis have allowed the discovery of new cell subpopulations with remarkable roles in RA pathophysiology. These studies pave the ground for the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the implementation of personalized therapy in RA. Key Point•This review provides an overview of synovial biopsy techinques and applications especially in clinical and translational research.

scholarly journals Using Existing Biodiversity Data to Prioritize Survey Areas in Atlas Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurens Sparrius
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
National Database ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Past Data ◽  
Data Coverage ◽  
Declining Species

Species distribution data is often collected in local and regional atlas projects, in which data is collected in grid squares to ensure optimal data coverage. Nowadays, many different data sources are available, and atlas projects often start with a large number of observations already being available. We show how existing biodiversity data can be used to determine spatial gaps in atlas projects. An citizen science atlas project for vascular plants in the Netherlands shows how existing data are is used to prioritize grid squares with outdated or missing surveys, and grid squares that should be searched for rare and declining species that have been reported in the past. Data from citizen science projects and professional flora surveys are combined in the National Database of Flora and Fauna (www.ndff.nl), which includes the use of data standards and extensive metadata on data collection protocols. This nearly complete database is used in citizen science projects to prioritize the survey of gaps. The concept of a continuously updated atlas scheme is established. Data can be use for several purposes, providing data for the national Red List, as well as reports on protected species, ecological studies, and the eradication of invasive species.

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