Observations on a monocystid gregarine, Apolocystis elongata n.sp., in the seminal vesicles of Eisenia foetida (Sav.)

Parasitology ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada E. Phillips ◽  
Doris L. Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Position ◽  
Reduction Division ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Haploid Number ◽  
Chromosome Cycle

1. A new monocystid gregarine is reported from the seminal vesicles of brandling worms, Eisenia foetida Sav. The morphology and movements of the trophozoite are described, and the stages of gametogony and sporogony are outlined.2. The chromosome cycle is investigated. The haploid number of chromosomes is four, and the reduction division is shown to be zygotic.3. The systematic position of the gregarine is discussed, and it is placed in the genus Apolocystis as A. elongata n.sp.

A cytological study of the early oocysts of seven species of Plasmodium and the occurrence of post-zygotic meiosis

Parasitology ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 559-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bano
Keyword(s):  
Cytological Study ◽  
Reduction Division ◽  
Characteristic Form ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Haploid Number ◽  
The Times

1. The cytological study of 4–8 hr. old zygotes of seven species of Plasmodium, i.e. P. gallinaceum, P. berghei, P. cynomolgi, P. gonderi, P. inui, P. knowlesi and P. vivax, revealed a uninucleate condition at the resting phase.2. Ookinetes of these species at 12–24 hr were uninucleate and of the usual dimorphic form.3. In the present studies post-zygotic meiosis was demonstrated in the early oocysts of the above seven species of Plasmodium. The times of investigation for the beginning and completion of meiosis in the early oocysts of these species of Plasmodium were as follows:4. Different forms of spireme at prophases were observed in the early oocysts of the above species of Plasmodium. This fact indicated that each species has its own characteristic form of spireme; for instance, ‘bow-shaped’ in P. gallinaceum, beaded, filamentous net-work in P. cynomolgi.5. The diploid and haploid number of chromosomes were demonstrated step by step, during the first reduction division in the early oocysts of seven species of Plasmodium.6. The succeeding nuclear divisions following the post-zygotic meiosis were traced in early oocysts of seven species of Plasmodium. The divisions took place mitotically, giving rise to tetra- to multinucleate oocysts. The haploid group of chromosomes in each species was quite distinct during the different mitotic phases found in these oocysts.7. The results obtained from the cytological study of different meiotic and mitotic phases found in the early oocysts of seven species of Plasmodium show that the number of chromosomes is a specific character, for instance, P. gallinaceum has a complex of two haploid chromosomes, P. cynomolgi, four; P. gonderi, three; P. inui, four; P. knowlesi, P. berghei and P. vivax, two.

Further additions to the British records of acephaline gregarines of earthworms

Parasitology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Segun
Keyword(s):  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Allolobophora Caliginosa ◽  
Head Of Department ◽  
Research Period

Five species of acephaline gregarine parasites – Apolocystis pilosa Meier from Lumbricus castaneus, L. festivus, L. rubellus and L. terrestris, Monocystis arcuata Boldt from L. castaneus, Nematocystis gracilis Berlin (= N. anguillula var. gracilis) from L. castaneus and L. rubellus, Zygocystis cometa Stein from Allolobophora caliginosa and Z. eiseniae Loubatieres from Eisenia foetida – identified during the present work are new to the British record.The characteristics of two other monocystids, N. lumbricoides Hesse and N. lumbricoides var. pilosa Meier are identical apart from the presence of short ectoplasmic hairs on the latter trophozoite's body. Since the presence of ectoplasmic hairs which are projections on the trophozoite's body is often utilized in gregarine speciation, the hairy and the hairless monocystids should be described separately.Berlin (1924) identified N. anguillula var. gracilis from the seminal vesicles of Lumbricus terrestris, L. rubellus and L. castaneus. This trophozoite should have been described as a separate species, N. gracilis Berlin and not as a variety of a totally different species originally described by Hesse (1909) from a host, Pheretima rodericensis, a megascolecid oligochaete, not found in Europe.The writer wishes to express his sincere appreciation to Dr Anne Terry for her advice and useful suggestions, and to Mr D. Etherington, the head of department, for his encouragements throughout this research period.

Electron Microscopic Study of the Epithelium of the Seminal Vesicle of Aging Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
V. F. Allison ◽  
G. C. Fink ◽  
G. W. Cearley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Epithelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Pseudostratified Epithelium

It is well known that epithelial hyperplasia (benign hypertrophy) is common in the aging prostate of dogs and man. In contrast, little evidence is available for abnormal epithelial cell growth in seminal vesicles of aging animals. Recently, enlarged seminal vesicles were reported in senescent mice, however, that enlargement resulted from increased storage of secretion in the lumen and occurred concomitant to epithelial hypoplasia in that species.The present study is concerned with electron microscopic observations of changes occurring in the pseudostratified epithelium of the seminal vescles of aging rats. Special attention is given to certain non-epithelial cells which have entered the epithelial layer.

The systematic position of the genusCalyptrotheca Gilg (Portulacaceae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 767-769
Author(s):  
Bio Louis Nyananyo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Position

Evaluación de biofertilizantes a base de microorganismos y lixiviado de vermicomposta en cultivos de interés económico en México

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Senés-Guerrero ◽  
C.E Guardiola-Márquez ◽  
A. Pacheco-Moscoa
Keyword(s):  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Palabras Clave

Objetivo: Caracterizar el efecto de un biofertilizante a base de lixiviado vermicomposta (VCL) en cultivos de relevancia en México, formulado en combinación con: i) fertilizante químico (NPK), ii) una mezcla de dos productos comerciales con microorganismos promotores del crecimiento de las plantas y hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) y iii) melaza. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Cuatro tratamientos fueron evaluados: T1 (VCL, microorganismos, sin melaza y sin NPK), T2 (VCL, microorganismos, sin melaza y con NPK), T3 (únicamente con NPK) y T4 (VCL, microorganismos, melaza y sin NPK), distribuidos en 128 macetas con ocho especies de cultivos (tomate, chile, sorgo, frijol, chícharo, maíz, calabaza y sandía) (4 réplicas por cultivo) bajo condiciones de invernadero. Después de 6 semanas, se midieron la altura de la planta y número de hojas. La significancia estadística se determinó mediante análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y la prueba de Tukey. Resultados: Los Tratamientos T1 y T2 presentaron los mejores efectos en la mayoría de las plantas. La sandía mostró una mejor respuesta a T3 y en maíz no se observaron efectos significativos. T4 mostró una influencia negativa en el desarrollo de todos los cultivos, atribuido a la incorporación de melaza. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El estudio se llevó a cabo en un corto período de tiempo y no fue posible evaluar la producción de fruto. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El VCL combinado con bacterias promotoras de crecimiento y HMA, tienen efectos positivos en el crecimiento de tomate, chile, sorgo, chícharo y calabaza; pudiendo reducir la fertilización química en un 35% sin disminuir el rendimiento. Palabras Clave: Biofertilizantes, Eisenia foetida, hongos micorrízicos arbusculares, lixiviado de vermicomposta, microorganismos promotores del crecimiento de plantas.

On the morphological variability and systematic position of Cyclotella rossii Håkansson (Bacillariophyta)

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
Sergei I. Genkal
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Published Data

Based on the original and published data, it is suggested to refer Pantocsekiella rossii to the synonymy of Pantocsekiella chantaica and extend the diagnosis of the latter.

METABOLISM AND MODE OF ACTION OF ANDROGENS IN TARGET TISSUES OF MALE RATS

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Schmidt ◽  
I. Noack ◽  
K. D. Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Peripheral Metabolism

ABSTRACT The effect of testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone on protein and nucleic acid content as well as on the activities of some enzymes has been studied in the ventral prostate and the seminal vesicles of immature castrated rats. Both androgens were given intraperitoneally in doses of 1 mg daily for one or three days the rats were sacrificed one day after the last injection. In the prostate it was found that 5α-dihydrotestosterone had a greater effect on DNA increase, i. e. cell proliferation than testosterone, whereas cell metabolism was stimulated by the two androgens to nearly the same extent. In the seminal vesicles a single dose led to the same results as had been obtained in the prostate, i. e. a greater cell proliferative action of 5α-dihydrotestosterone and an equal stimulation of cell metabolism by testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone was also observed. When three doses of the two androgens were given, cell proliferation as well as cell metabolism in the seminal vesicles were significantly more increased after 5α-dihydrotestosterone than after testosterone. The difference of action after systemic administration of the two androgens is explained by their different accumulation and by their different peripheral metabolism in the target tissues. From the partly independent effects of various androgens on cell proliferation and cell metabolism the conclusion may be drawn that there exist at least two intracellular sites of action.

REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE METABOLISM OF STEROID HORMONES IN RAT LIVER: THE EFFECT OF 19-NORTESTOSTERONE AND THE INFLUENCE OF CYPROTERONE ACETATE ON THE ACTION OF TESTOSTERONE AND 5α-DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Ghraf ◽  
Edmund Rodney Lax ◽  
Hanns-Georg Hoff ◽  
Herbert Schriefers
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Steroid Hydroxylases ◽  
Drug Leads

ABSTRACT The androgens testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone, the anabolic drug 19-nortestosterone and the anti-androgen cyproterone acetate were investigated with regard to their modifying action on the sexual differentiation of the activities of rat liver enzymes involved in steroid hormone metabolism. The activities of the enzymes (Δ4-5α-hydrogenase, 20-ketoreductase, 3α-and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADP-dependent Δ4-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, total steroid hydroxylases, 7α- and 16α-hydroxylase) were determined in cell-free liver fractions of male animals castrated on day 25 of life and killed on day 90; and of castrated animals which, from day 75 to 89 received daily sc injections (0.3 mg/100 g body weight) of the anabolic drug or the androgen only or in combination with cyproterone acetate (3 mg/100 g body weight). With the exception of 7α-hydroxylase castration leads to a feminization of the enzyme activity pattern. However, the degree of feminization varies from enzyme to enzyme. The administration of testosterone or of 5α-dihydrotestosterone reverses the effect of castration. With 5α-dihydrotestosterone activity values were reached which in some cases were significantly higher than those obtained with testosterone. Although both androgens restored the enzyme activities to the normal male values, neither androgen was able to compensate for the weight loss of the seminal vesicles in the dose administered. The administration of 19-nortestosterone in the same dose as testosterone is only 30 % as effective in restoring the weight loss of the seminal vesicles, but leads to identical activities of Δ4-5α-hydrogenase and of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases as are found for testosterone. 19-Nortestosterone is without influence on the activities of total steroid hydroxylases and of 16α-hydroxylase. 16α-Hydroxylase is the only enzyme in which the activity enhancing effects of testosterone or of 5α-dihydrotestosterone can be completely blocked by the simultaneous administration of the anti-androgen cyproterone acetate. In all other enzyme activities the anti-androgen does not interfere with the effect of the androgens although it blocks their action on the weight restitution of the seminal vesicles by 60–70 %. 7α-Hydroxylase does not exhibit any androgen dependency. Neither castration nor the subsequent administration of the two androgens, or of the anabolic drug leads to any alterations in activity. However, it is interesting to note that the administration of cyproterone acetate does cause an increase in activity.

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