On the Identity Theory of Truth

Philosophy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Beall
Keyword(s):  
Identity Theory ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

In his recent ‘A Prolegomenon to an Identity Theory of Truth’ (Vol. 74, 1999) Stewart Candlish discusses the so called identity theory of truth. His aim in the article is to clear away initial difficulties that apparently stand in the way of developing the budding theory. There is one difficulty, however, that, by Candlish's lights, cannot be overcome—at least not easily. My aim in this paper is to help the identity theory by showing that, pace Candlish, the given difficulty is merely apparent. I do not ‘solve’ the alleged problem; I dissolve it. Dissolution, however, is solution enough.

scholarly journals Towards a Unitary Case for Russellian Panpsychism

Philosophia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Dondoni
Keyword(s):  
Identity Theory ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Categorical Properties ◽  
Consciousness Studies ◽  
Powerful Qualities ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Way

AbstractOne of the most pressing challenges that occupy the Russellian panpsychist’s agenda is to come up with a way to reconcile the traditional argument from categorical properties (Seager Journal of Consciousness Studies, 13(10–11), 129–145, 2006; Alter & Nagasawa, 2015) with H. H. Mørch’s dispositionalism-friendly argument from the experience of causation (2014, Topoi, 39, 1073–1088, 2018, 2020) — on the way to a unitary, all-encompassing case for the view. In this regard, Mørch claims that, via the commitment to the Identity theory of properties, one can consistently hold both panpsychist arguments without contradiction (2020: 281) — I shall refer to such proposal as Reconciliation. In my paper, I shall argue that this is not the case. To this extent, I will first consider H. Taylor’s argument that the Identity theorists have the exact same resources as the dispositionalists (as, after careful enquiry, their views on the metaphysics of properties turn out to coincide (Philosophical Studies, 175, 1423–1440, 2018: 1438)), and thus contend that Reconciliation fails to obtain. Then, I will suggest that one can avoid the problem and reconcile the arguments by adopting a different version of the powerful qualities view, namely the Compound view — and thus advance a reformulated version of the claim, i.e. Reconciliation*. Finally, even though pursuing my proposed solution might expose Russellian panpsychism to the risk of epiphenomenalism, I shall conclude that such specific form of epiphenomenalism is a rather benign one, and thus that, via Reconciliation*, the constitution of a unitary case for panpsychism as a positive proposal (and not as a mere alternative to dualism and physicalism) can be achieved.

scholarly journals The conceptual sphere of the modern English pedagogical discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Gayane R. Nersesyan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Pedagogical Discourse ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

The given article investigates the conceptual sphere of the modern English pedagogical discourse. The purpose of the paper is presented by the identification of the main concepts of discourse and the ways they are verbalised by means of language. In order to meet the aim the author touches upon the main approaches to the notion “concept”, as well as the concepts already identified in the pedagogical discourse. The main research is represented by the linguacognitive, pragma-semantic, and discourse analyses of the English pedagogical discourse, represented by the authentic pedagogical articles, along with the identification of its main concepts which reflect a wide range of both social and pedagogical processes. The results of the analysis represent the English pedagogical discourse to be rather independent conceptual sphere showing its own features. The identified concepts TOLERANCE, MULTICULTURALISM, PROFICIENCY and LANGUAGE show the strong interconnection between current social phenomena and the pedagogical sphere affecting the way individuals explore the world. The actualization of these concepts becomes possible with the help of language that implements dominant lexemes, derivatives, synonyms, evaluation, and other language means to deliver the functional role of the English pedagogical discourse. The research allows us to conclude that this very type of the discourse, its conceptual sphere and complex pragmatic-communicative charge still represent a wide scope for further research that is yet to be conducted.

scholarly journals SIMULATION OF THE HEAT TRANSPORT PROBLEMS WITH RADIATION IN PLATE

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
H. Kalis ◽  
I. Kangro
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Transport Problems ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

In the literature [1 -5 ] simple and effective algorithms for mathematical modelling processes of distribution of heat in multilayered spaces are created. In the given work the way of improvement o f accuracy of algorithms is considered at approximation of integrals derivatives more the supreme orders are used.

Ñ??ananda’s Concept and Reality: An Assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Stephen Evans
Keyword(s):  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

Bhikkhu Ñ??ananda’s Concept and Reality has exerted a certain influence on Buddhist Studies, from translations of the P?li Nik?yas to interpretations of doctrine. Far beyond proposing translations for papañca and papañca-saññ?sa?kh?, the book lays out a thesis, supported and illustrated by frequent citations from the Nik?yas, concerning the role of concepts and language itself in perpetuating bondage to sa?s?ra. Concepts and language are said to obscure reality in a self-perpetuating cycle that bars us from liberation. The thesis has intuitive force and profound implications for understanding the P?li sources. However, the presentation is flawed by inconsistencies, lack of clarity, and overly interpretive translations of the P?li — it is not even clear in important details precisely what Ñ??ananda’s intended thesis is. The present offering is an attempt at clarifying this seminal work so as to enable building upon it. The given thesis is elucidated, making its problems explicit, and suggesting resolutions, arriving finally with a proposal of what he may have intended. Along the way, I indicate where given support from the Nik?yas is weak.

“The marquise went out at 5 o’clock”: Novel beginnings and realistic expectations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
Kai Mikkonen
Keyword(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Emile Zola ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Narrative Mode ◽  
The Given ◽  
Verb Tense ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis paper poses the question of how the beginning of a narrative may (or may not) imply a generic frame. More precisely, the objective is to examine the way in which the given narrative mood (perspective, type of discourse) and the initial narrating instance (or narrative situation) relate to generic expectations. Specific attention is given to cues of realism in the openings of nineteenth-century European novels. The discussion critically assesses F. K. Stanzel’s (A Theory of Narrative) and Philippe Hamon’s (“Un discours contraint”) assumptions about the way in which initial narrative choices might identify the genre of the text. Both Stanzel and Hamon, in their differing ways, over-emphasise the generic implications of the narrative mode. The crucial point of distinction for Stanzel in this regard is the reflector mode. More specifically, he argues that an initial figural narrative situation could be considered conspicuously fictional. Hamon, in turn, highlights the question of novelistic conventions in realistic discourse, one generic marker of which is what he calls the “narrative concretization (alibi) of the performance of the discourse,” such as the strategy of delegating the narration to a narrator-character at the beginning of the novel. It is maintained in this paper that although novelistic beginnings cannot determine the text’s fictionality or genre by their narrative mode alone, the narrative perspective and situation in the opening can evoke, in connection with other potential markers, such as perspective, personal pronouns, verb tense, peritexts, and their combined rhetorical function, generic expectations that shape the reader’s understanding of the text. Paul Valéry’s famous mock-novelistic beginning “The marquise went out at 5 o’clock” is used as a point of reference in the discussion, and representative examples of “realistic” beginnings are drawn from Charles Dickens, Émile Zola and contemporary literature.

COVARIANCE GROUP C*-ALGEBRAS AND GALOIS CORRESPONDENCE

1991 ◽  
Vol 02 (06) ◽  
pp. 673-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
PALLE E. T. JORGENSEN ◽  
XIU-CHI QUAN
Keyword(s):  
Main Body ◽  
Normal Subgroups ◽  
C Algebra ◽  
Group System ◽  
C Algebras ◽  
Galois Correspondence ◽  
Covariance Group ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

The main purpose of this paper is to establish a Galois correspondence for a given covariant group system, its associated C*-algebra and Hopf C*-algebra. On the way to this, we first study covariance group C*-algebras and their representations, and prove a result which is simpler but yet very similar to the C*-algebra case in the main body of the paper. We then show that there is a Galois correspondence between the lattice of normal subgroups of the given covariant group system and a corresponding lattice of certain invariant *-subalgebras of the covariant group C*-algebra; in particular, there is a natural Galois correspondence for the group C*-algebra. We further study this Galois correspondence for the Hopf C*-algebras associated with covariant group systems.

Awareness of and awareness that: their combination and dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fernández-Fernández ◽  
Fernando R Velázquez-Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Epistemic Actions ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

Abstract The paper proposes a logical framework representing the notion of explicit knowledge as the combination of awareness of and awareness that. The setting, semantically combining neighbourhood models with ideas from awareness logic, separates the mere fact of entertaining some information (being aware of$\varphi$) from the acknowledgement that the information is indeed the case (being aware that$\varphi$ holds). The text discusses not only the main properties these concepts obtain under the given representation, but also several of the epistemic actions that can be defined, and the way they affect the agent’s awareness (and thus her knowledge).

scholarly journals Adaptive preconditioning for a stream of SLAEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2099 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
A P Karpov ◽  
V A Erzunov ◽  
E B Shchanikova ◽  
Yu G Bartenev
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Methods ◽  
Data Structures ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Newton Iteration ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Computation Step ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

Abstract The paper considers the way of reducing the time consumed to solve SLAEs with iterative methods by reusing the data structures obtained in the solution of a previous SLAE, or selecting a preconditioner from the available set of preconditioners to minimize the time of solving the next SLAEs. Such adaptive preconditioning is used to solve time-dependent nonlinear problems. SLAEs generated at the Newton iteration n-1 of every computation step are solved using the SLAE structure of the first Newton iteration and the selection of a preconditioner from the given set allows reducing the time of solving SLAEs of a varying complexity at different time steps. The adaptive preconditioning idea and its application are demonstrated for a stream of SLAEs in some RFNC-VNIIEF’s codes.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN LANGUAGE WORLDVIEW AND MENTAITY IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

2013 ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
V. S. Sosedova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Weak Form ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

The article is devoted to the correlation between concepts of mentality and language worldview in modern linguistics. Considering mentality within modern linguistics reflects the principle expansionism which consists in the fact that no science can remain within the borders of itself, it needs access to the adjacent areas of knowledge to produce the most comprehensive research. That is why linguistics is to use the data provided by such sciences as cultural studies, anthropology, sociology, etc. The paper highlights the main approaches to the issue of language worldview. The most relevant modern theory concerning the topic is the hypothesis of linguistic relativity in its weak form, which consists in the fact that language is only one of the factors that influence the way in which we conceptualize reality. Further in the article we put definitions of language worldview and give our own definition of the term. The part of the article dedicated to the mentality also provides definitions of the concept, indicates the relative novelty of studying the mentality of a nation within language sciences, it also provides a comparison of the given concepts. The author finds both similarities and differences and comes to the conclusion that, despite the apparent synonymy of the discussed concepts, there are important differences: they deal with different sides of world perception, they put emphasis on peculiar features of reality. Mentality is associated with the cultural aspect and the language worldview – with the liguocultural aspect. What is important is that both concepts are relevant to modern linguistics.

scholarly journals PECULARITIES OF CALCULATION AND STRENGTHENING OF GLULAM TIMBER BEAMS

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Rimantas Čechavičius
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Bearing Element ◽  
Lateral Tension ◽  
The Given ◽  
Strengthening Method ◽  
Timber Beams ◽  
The Way

This paper deals with analysis of pecularities of design and strengthening of tapered, curved and pitched cambered glulam beams under action of lateral tension. The formulas and drawings presented give the possibility for addition and clarification of existed design methods of such beams in our country. For strengthening the apex zone of pitched cambered beams the author offers the way of precompression of the member according to the patent of Lithuanian Republic No 2045. By the use of this method it is possible to increase bearing capacity, fire resistance and durability of glulam bearing elements. The given method allows to simplify manufacturing of alike elements and to improve their technology. Another method (according to the patent of Lithuanian Republic No 2046) also gives the solution of the problem of setting inserts of any size and shape made of different materials. The inserts are used for joint constructions as well as for strengthening dangerous places. The method is carried out in the following way. The most strained parts of wooden bearing element are set and inserts are installed where needed. Corresponding grooves, usually longitudinal, are made before glueing separate planks. The planks having been glued into one piece, grooves of wanted size and shape are made. Inserts of different shape are set into package during its assemblage. In such cases inserts serve as additional plank package fixers. After that by means of pneumatic or hydraulic presses pressurization and final element treatment follows. Alongside of flat inserts another method of insert setting may be used: planks after corresponding grooves have been made are stowed into package and by means of diaphragm made of steel or any other like material are fixed into a position. Then pressurization by pneumatic or hydraulic presses, extraction of diaphragms out of grooves, setting of flat glued inserts into grooves follows. The given method may be applied at any glulam bearing elements plant. The usage of this glulam bearing element strengthening method assures the following advantages: the possibility of making grooves of any size and shape, as well as setting corresponding inserts into grooves which help to strengthen and connect the elements. It allows not only to increase the bearing capacity and durability, but also the fire resistance of the given element. The usage of nonmetallic inserts increase dielectricity or “ratio transparency” of structures.

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