Cortisol binding in plasma of men with unipolar and bipolar affective disorders

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. King
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
Bipolar Group ◽  
Frequent Episodes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders

SynopsisFollowing an earlier report, plasma cortisol-binding capacity (CBC) was estimated in a new series of 11 men with unipolar depression and 11 men with bipolar illness admitted to hospital. The two groups were comparable except that the bipolar group tended to have more frequent episodes of illness and to have more family histories of affective disorder. There was no significant difference between the CBC values in each group.

Plasma cortisol-binding capacity in mental illness

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. King
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Cortisol Levels

SynopsisPlasma cortisol-binding capacity (CBC) was determined in 18 psychiatric patients, including 14 who had affective disorders, and 18 controls. Men with unipolar depressive illnesses had significantly lower CBC values than men with bipolar illnesses and male controls. No other significant differences in CBC values were found and it was concluded that elevated total plasma cortisol levels in affective disorder were probably associated with increased levels of unbound cortisol. The possibility that low CBC values may be a genetic marker for certain types of affective disorder requires further investigation. The effect of certain drugs on CBC was also investigated.

Genetic Models of Affective Disorder: Application to Twin Data

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miron Baron
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Threshold Models ◽  
Twin Data ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
Major Locus ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Locus Model ◽  
Multiple Threshold

Twin data on bipolar and unipolar affective disorders are analyzed by multiple threshold models of inheritance. The two illness types are represented in the models on a continuum of genetic–environmental liability in which bipolar illness has a higher liability threshold than unipolar disorder. Autosomal single major locus model provides an acceptable fit to observed concordance rates in monozygotic twins. The multifactorial-polygenic model is rejected.

Primary Affective Disorder: Bender-Gestalt Sequence of Placement as an Indicator of Impulse Control

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1079-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Donnelly ◽  
Dennis L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Sequential Patterns ◽  
Test Paper ◽  
Bipolar Group

The Bender-Gestalt protocols of 37 bipolar (depression plus mania) and 30 unipolar (depression alone) Ss hospitalized for depression were compared for sequential patterns of placement on the test paper. Of 11 Ss with an itregular sequence and 11 Ss with an overly methodical sequence, 9 were subsequently identified as bipolar and 10 as unipolar, respectively. When these two groups with contrasting sequences were compared on the Ma and Pt scales of the MMPI, the bipolar group had significantly higher scores than the unipolar group on the Ma scale and significantly lower scores on the Pt scale. These results suggest that irregular sequence of placement and lack of impulse control are more characteristic of bipolar depression and overly methodical sequence and impulse control are more characteristic of unipolar depression.

scholarly journals Use of social media and online dating among individuals with a history of affective disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Klara F. K. Rydahl ◽  
René B. K. Brund ◽  
Clara R. Medici ◽  
Vibeke Hansen ◽  
Krista N. Straarup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Abstract Objectives: To investigate how individuals with a history of affective disorder use and perceive their use of social media and online dating. Methods: A questionnaire focusing on affective disorders and the use of social media and online dating was handed out to outpatients from unipolar depression and bipolar disorder clinics and general practice patients with or without a history of affective disorders (latter as controls). The association between affective disorders and use of social media and online dating was analysed using linear/logistic regression. Results: A total of 194 individuals with a history of unipolar depression, 124 individuals with a history of bipolar disorder and 196 controls were included in the analysis. Having a history of unipolar depression or bipolar disorder was not associated with the time spent on social media compared with controls. Using the controls as reference, having a history bipolar disorder was associated with use of online dating (adjusted odds ratio: 2.2 (95% CI: 1.3; 3.7)). The use of social media and online dating had a mood-congruent pattern with decreased and more passive use during depressive episodes, and increased and more active use during hypomanic/manic episodes. Among the respondents with a history of affective disorder, 51% reported that social media use had an aggravating effect on symptoms during mood episodes, while 10% reported a beneficial effect. For online dating, the equivalent proportions were 49% (aggravation) and 20% (benefit), respectively. Conclusion: The use of social media and online dating seems related to symptom deterioration among individuals with affective disorder.

Resistant Bipolar Affective Disorder Treated by Stereotactic Subcaudate Tractotomy

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Poynton ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
J. R. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episodes

The results of stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy in nine patients with resistant bipolar affective disorder are presented in the form of a single case study with a summary of the other eight cases. Follow-up studies at 2–4 years showed substantial improvement in five patients and amelioration of symptoms in a further four patients, with a tendency for a greater improvement in the manic than in the depressive episodes. These preliminary results suggest that there is a place for this operation in the management of severe bipolar affective disorders which are not responding to any other treatment, although decisive recovery occurs less often than with unipolar depression.

The epidemiology of bipolar affective disorder; a review of the literature and introduction to work in progress

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lloyd ◽  
P.B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Epidemiological Research ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Bipolar Illness ◽  
The Past

ABSTRACTThe past 20 years have seen much research into affective disorders, reflecting advances in both pharmacological and psychological treatments. However, there has been little basic epidemiological research into bipolar illness. This is particularly apparent regarding its basic occurrence and possible epigenetic causes. This presentation will attempt to bring together and integrate the available evidence regarding the basic epidemiology of bipolar disorder, define areas where further research is needed, and outline a large epidemiological study including bipolar affective disorder that has been supported by the Stanley Foundation.

scholarly journals Cognitive style in bipolar disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Jan Scott ◽  
Sayeed Haque ◽  
Katherine Gordon-Smith ◽  
Jessica Heron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Recurrent Depression

BackgroundAbnormalities of cognitive style in bipolar disorder are of both clinical and theoretical importance.AimsTo compare cognitive style in people with affective disorders and in healthy controls.MethodSelf-rated questionnaires were administered to 118 individuals with bipolar I disorder, 265 with unipolar major recurrent depression and 268 healthy controls. Those with affective disorder were also interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and case notes were reviewed.ResultsThose with bipolar disorder and those with unipolar depression demonstrated different patterns of cognitive style from controls; negative self-esteem best discriminated between those with affective disorders and controls; measures of cognitive style were substantially affected by current levels of depressive symptomatology; patterns of cognitive style were similar in bipolar and unipolar disorder when current mental state was taken into account.ConclusionsThose with affective disorder significantly differed from controls on measures of cognitive style but there were no differences between unipolar and bipolar disorders when current mental state was taken into account.

PLASMA CORTISOL, CORTICOSTERONE AND NON-PROTEIN-BOUND CORTISOL IN EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Uozumi ◽  
H. Manabe ◽  
Y. Kawashima ◽  
Y. Hamanaka ◽  
Y. Monden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Effective Factor

ABSTRACT The response of plasma cortisol, corticosterone and non-protein-bound cortisol in the extracorporeal circulation was investigated in 14 patients. The pre-perfusion levels of plasma cortisol, corticosterone and non-protein-bound cortisol were significantly elevated. During and immediately after perfusion, the levels of cortisol and corticosterone were found to decrease significantly from the pre-perfusion levels, while the percentage of non-protein-bound cortisol was shown to increase significantly. This indicates a marked decrease in cortisol binding capacity of plasma during extracorporeal circulation. Moreover in 200 plasma samples, it was demonstrated that the cortisol level increased markedly and the cortisol binding capacity decreased slightly during and shortly after major surgery without perfusion. It is concluded that stressful situations in major surgery with or without perfusion are associated with markedly increased levels of biologically active non-protein-bound cortisol. The elevated level of non-protein-bound cortisol in surgery seems to be dependent on the increase in the level of plasma cortisol as well as on the decrease in the cortisol binding capacity of plasma. Although the increased plasma cortisol plays the most important role in surgery with no perfusion, the decreased cortisol binding capacity may be the more effective factor involved during perfusion.

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