Relatives' expressed emotion (EE) and PTSD treatment outcome

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. TARRIER ◽  
C. SOMMERFIELD ◽  
H. PILGRIM
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Highly Correlated

Background. Expressed emotion (EE) is a measure that has been used to assess the quality of the relationship between patient and their key relative. It has been shown to be strongly predictive of clinical outcome in a range of psychiatric and medical disorders. This study investigated the effect of EE on treatment outcome in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Methods. A prospective design was adopted. The key relatives of 31 PTSD patients participating in a treatment trial comparing imaginal exposure with cognitive therapy were interviewed and rated on EE prior to treatment allocation. The effect of EE on post-treatment clinical outcomes was assessed.Results. Sixteen patients (52%) had high EE and 15 (48%) low EE relatives. Patients with high EE relatives showed lesser change scores on the main outcome variable of the trial, the total CAPS score, and on all the secondary outcome variables than those with low EE relatives. Using different multiple regression models the EE scales of criticism and hostility predicted just under 20% of the outcome variance. These two scales were highly correlated and criticism marginally predicted the greatest variance (19·7%).Conclusions. The results highlight the importance of the quality of the patient's social environment in influencing their response to cognitive and behavioural treatments.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals Physiological parameters of mental health predict the emergence of post-traumatic stress symptoms in physicians treating COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dolev ◽  
S. Zubedat ◽  
Z. Brand ◽  
B. Bloch ◽  
E. Mader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractLack of established knowledge and treatment strategies, and change in work environment, may altogether critically affect the mental health and functioning of physicians treating COVID-19 patients. Thus, we examined whether treating COVID-19 patients affect the physicians’ mental health differently compared with physicians treating non-COVID-19 patients. In this cohort study, an association was blindly computed between physiologically measured anxiety and attention vigilance (collected from 1 May 2014 to 31 May 31 2016) and self-reports of anxiety, mental health aspects, and sleep quality (collected from 20 April to 30 June 2020, and analyzed from 1 July to 1 September 2020), of 91 physicians treating COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 patients. As a priori hypothesized, physicians treating COVID-19 patients showed a relative elevation in both physiological measures of anxiety (95% CI: 2317.69–2453.44 versus 1982.32–2068.46; P < 0.001) and attention vigilance (95% CI: 29.85–34.97 versus 22.84–26.61; P < 0.001), compared with their colleagues treating non-COVID-19 patients. At least 3 months into the pandemic, physicians treating COVID-19 patients reported high anxiety and low quality of sleep. Machine learning showed clustering to the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 subgroups with a high correlation mainly between physiological and self-reported anxiety, and between physiologically measured anxiety and sleep duration. To conclude, the pattern of attention vigilance, heightened anxiety, and reduced sleep quality findings point the need for mental intervention aimed at those physicians susceptible to develop post-traumatic stress symptoms, owing to the consequences of fighting at the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Following COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Heba A. Fouad ◽  
M. Alanazey, Mohammed Amer ◽  
K. Alruwaili, Anfal Farhan ◽  
M. Alanazi, Fahad Inad ◽  
A. Bamousa, Ahmed Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Study Association ◽  
As Stress

COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on the quality of life (QoL) of the young people by affecting their psychological stress and suspicion of diagnosis with post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD. In response to this global health crisis, quarantine and lock down measures were implemented by international and government health organizations to contain the rapid spread of the virus. Such a period of health crisis has significant repercussions on human health and welling, accompanied by psychological distress and related symptoms such as stress, panic and anxiety in the general population specifically students. Therefore, this study aimed to study association between COVID-19 pandemic and lock down with post-traumatic stress disorder.

scholarly journals Investigation of relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and quality of life among firefighters in Birjand City at 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sadeghi khorashad ◽  
E Rezaieyan ◽  
A Abdolahnezhad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction: Firefighters are at high risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and that Quality of Life (QoL) is seriously compromised in individuals who have PTSD. This study was designed to assess the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorders and quality of life among firefighters. Materials and Methods: In this analytical and cross-sectional study, all firefighters in Birjand city were selected by census method (N = 96) in 2018. PTSD and QoL status was assessed by the Persian version of the Mississippi (Eshel) and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires, respectively. Using Cronbach's α, the Iranian version of these two scales' internal reliability has been reported to be 0.92 and more than 0.7, respectively. Data analysis using SPSS software version 21 and independent T-test, ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed that most firefighters (70.5%) were suffered from moderate PTSD symptoms (79.2± 11.7). Based on the self-report scale, 53.7% of the firefighters rated their quality of life as Good, and 43.2% of the firefighters were satisfied with their health. Statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant inverse relationship between PTSD score and areas of mental health (P = 0.03), social relations (P = 0.002), and environmental health (P = 0.004). Between PTSD score and physical health, no statistically significant relationship was found (P = 0.08). Conclusion: This study has proven a high rate of PTSD among firefighters and its negative correlation with the quality of their life. However, most firefighters rated their health and quality of life as good. Implementing strategies to combat mental disorders among firefighters improves the quality of their life and increases their job productivity.

scholarly journals The dangers of inflation: memories of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Greenberg ◽  
Simon Wessely
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Incident

SummaryPeople who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are likely to find that their quality of life is substantially impaired. However, unlike other diagnoses, in order for clinicians to make a diagnosis of PTSD people have to be able to accurately recall the details of a traumatic incident. Yet recent evidence suggests that recall of such incidents is often unreliable. Clinicians should therefore exercise caution to avoid making inaccurate diagnoses.

Romantic partner support during pregnancy: The discrepancy between self-reported and coder-rated support as a risk factor for prenatal psychopathology and stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Laura M. River ◽  
Angela J. Narayan ◽  
Victoria M. Atzl ◽  
Luisa M. Rivera ◽  
Alicia F. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Highly Correlated

Romantic partner support from the father-to-be is associated with women’s mental health during pregnancy. However, most studies of partner support rely upon women’s responses to self-report questionnaires, which may be biased and should be corroborated by efficient, coder-rated measures of partner support. This study tested whether the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS), adapted to assess expressed emotion about romantic partners, can provide information about partner support during pregnancy that is less prone to bias than self-report. Participants were 101 low-income, ethnically diverse pregnant women who completed self-report questions on partner support quality and the FMSS. Self-reported and coder-rated (FMSS) partner support were highly correlated and were each significantly associated with self-reported depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived stress, and partner victimization during pregnancy. Self-reported and coder-rated support corresponded in approximately 75% of cases; however, nearly 25% of women self-reported high support but received low FMSS support ratings. These women reported elevated PTSD symptoms, perceived stress, and victimization during pregnancy. While self-reported partner support may be valid for many respondents, the FMSS is less susceptible to reporting biases and may better identify women facing heightened psychopathology and stress during pregnancy, who would benefit from supportive intervention.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life and well-being in parents of infants and toddlers with cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Monique Morhun ◽  
N.M. Racine ◽  
G.M.T. Guilcher ◽  
L.M. Tomfohr-Madsen ◽  
F.S.M. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Active Cancer

Background: The unique psychosocial needs of parents and caregivers of young children with cancer are poorly understood.  The aims of this study were to examine: 1) the health-related quality of life (HRQL), stress, and psychological distress in parents of young children (0-4 years) diagnosed with cancer, and 2) the associations between parent psychosocial functioning and child treatment characteristics. Methods: Parents (N= 35) with a child (19 males, 54.3%) aged 0-48 months (M= 31.06 months) who were on active cancer therapy were recruited. Parents completed questionnaires related to demographics, parent HRQL, parenting stress, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and parent psychological distress. Results: Parents reported clinically elevated parenting stress (5.88%), post-traumatic stress symptoms (18.18%), and psychological distress (21.87%). Compared to population norms, parents reported lower HRQL in the vitality (t= 5.37, p< .001), mental health (t= 4.02, p< .001), role limitation/emotional (t= 3.52, p< .001), and general health (t= 2.25, p= .025) domains. Number of days since diagnosis (β= -.35, p= .030), child surgery (β= .360, p= .023), and parent social functioning (β= -.40, p= .009) predicted parent psychological distress F(3,24)= 9.11, p< .001, R2 =.53. Conclusions: A subset of parents of young children on active cancer treatment experience clinically-elevated psychosocial symptoms. Having a child who undergoes surgery and having poor social connections put parents at risk of experiencing higher psychological distress. Supports that focus on preventing the emergence of clinically significant distress should focus on parents of young children with cancer who are most at risk of poor outcomes.

Can children predict psychological recovery after injury?

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1200-1202
Author(s):  
Eva Alisic ◽  
Shaminka N Mangelsdorf ◽  
Elizabeth J Schilpzand ◽  
Anna Barrett ◽  
Markus A Landolt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Recovery ◽  
Paediatric Care ◽  
Post Traumatic

While children’s voice is core to paediatric care, their own assessment of future psychological needs is underexplored. We conducted a prospective observational study among children hospitalised for injury in Melbourne, Australia. Their expectations of psychological recovery at baseline (in hospital) were significant and substantial predictors of their quality of life and post-traumatic stress 6 weeks later, suggesting potential diagnostic value.

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