scholarly journals 14C Dating Compared to Art Historical Dating of Roman and Coptic Textiles from Egypt

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Van Strydonck ◽  
Antoine De Moor ◽  
Dominique Bénazeth
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Art Historians ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Individual Objects

A representative selection of Roman and Coptic textiles is used to compare the radiocarbon dating results with the chronology proposed by art historians. In some cases, the comparison was made on individual objects, but in other cases, groups of stylistically and/or technologically related textiles were compared. In the case of the latter, the interquartile range was calculated. The results of this comparison show that some individual samples and groups are dated older than expected, while for another group the opposite is the case. One group was matching well with the presumed period as a whole, but not on the basis of the individual pieces. The analyses showed the necessity of 14C dating to obtain a more accurate dating of Coptic textiles.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL PRINCIPLES AND TECHNICAL DETAILS

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 25-26
Keyword(s):  
National Archives ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Volume I of British Envoys to the Kaiserreich comprises a selection of official reports on Germany and Anglo-German relations sent to the Foreign Office from the diplomatic missions in Berlin, Darmstadt, Dresden, Stuttgart, and Munich between 1871 and 1883. All originals are held in the National Archives, Kew. As in the preceding series, British Envoys to Germany, the selection is based on the quality, originality of perspective, and informative value of the dispatches as well as on a balance between the individual missions. While not aiming to present a representative selection of letters from each mission, the edition is intended to cover the major developments of the period and present as multifaceted a picture of British perceptions of Germany as possible.

scholarly journals Identification, Extraction, and Preparation of Reliable Lime Samples for 14C Dating of Plasters and Mortars with the “Pure Lime Lumps” Technique

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni L A Pesce ◽  
Richard J Ball ◽  
Gianluca Quarta ◽  
Lucio Calcagnile
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Historic Sites ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Relative Simplicity ◽  
Lime Mortars ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Contamination Problem

Radiocarbon dating was first applied to historic lime mortars during the 1960s. However, despite the relative simplicity of the technique in principle, a number of subsequent studies have highlighted important aspects that should be considered. One of the most significant of these challenges arises from sample contamination by carbonaceous substances such as incompletely burnt limestone and aggregates of fossil origin containing “dead” 14C. More recent studies have shown that in the majority of old lime-based mixtures the contamination problem can be avoided through selection of pure lime lumps. These particular types of lumps are believed to originate from areas where the lime is incompletely mixed with the aggregate. It has been demonstrated that even a single lime lump can provide sufficient material for a 14C date of the mortar from which the lump was taken (Pesce et al. 2009). This paper describes the practical challenges associated with location, extraction, and preparation of 4 lime lumps extracted from 2 new sites for 14C dating. These include distinguishing the lime lumps from other lumps present in the matrix and the removal of material surrounding the lime lump. The coherence of 14C dating with other archaeological information on the chronology of historic sites is highlighted through case studies.

scholarly journals 14C Dating of mortar from ruins of an early medieval church Hohenrätien GR, Switzerland

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Irka Hajdas ◽  
Mantana Maurer ◽  
Maria Belen Röttig
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractNumerous ruins around the world lack the radiometric dating due to the scarcity of organic carbon. Here, we present results of radiocarbon dating of mortar samples from an early Medieval church Hohenrätien GR, Switzerland, which was dated to the early 6th century, based on typology. The method of dating mortars, which is currently applied at the ETH laboratory, involves sieving the crushed mortar, selection of grain size 45−63 μm and sequential dissolution resulting in four fractions of CO2 collected in a 3-second interval each. Two mortar samples, which were analyzed using sequential dissolution and one by dating a bulk of lime lump, resulted in a combined radiocarbon age of 1551±21 BP translating to the calendar age of 427−559 AD.

scholarly journals Surface and Catalyst Driven Singlet Oxygen Formation in Li-O2 Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksej Samojlov ◽  
David Schuster ◽  
Jürgen Kahr ◽  
Stefan Freunberger
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Improve Rate ◽  
Selection Of

Large overpotentials upon discharge and charge of Li-O2 cells have motivated extensive research into heterogeneous solid electrocatalysts or non-carbon electrodes with the aim to improve rate capability, round-trip efficiency and cycle life. These features are equally governed by parasitic reactions, which are now recognized to be caused by the highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). However, the link between the presence of electrocatalysts and 1O2 formation in metal-O2 cells is unknown. Here, we show that, compared to pristine carbon black electrodes, a representative selection of electrocatalysts or non-carbon electrodes (noble metal, transition metal compounds) may both slightly reduce or severely increase the 1O2 formation. The individual reaction steps, where the surfaces impact the 1O2 yield are deciphered, showing that 1O2 yield from superoxide disproportionation as well as the decomposition of trace H2O2 are sensitive to catalysts. Transition metal compounds in general are prone to increase 1O2. <br>

scholarly journals Surface and Catalyst Driven Singlet Oxygen Formation in Li-O2 Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksej Samojlov ◽  
David Schuster ◽  
Jürgen Kahr ◽  
Stefan Freunberger
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Transition Metal Compounds ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Improve Rate ◽  
Selection Of

Large overpotentials upon discharge and charge of Li-O2 cells have motivated extensive research into heterogeneous solid electrocatalysts or non-carbon electrodes with the aim to improve rate capability, round-trip efficiency and cycle life. These features are equally governed by parasitic reactions, which are now recognized to be caused by the highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). However, the link between the presence of electrocatalysts and 1O2 formation in metal-O2 cells is unknown. Here, we show that, compared to pristine carbon black electrodes, a representative selection of electrocatalysts or non-carbon electrodes (noble metal, transition metal compounds) may both slightly reduce or severely increase the 1O2 formation. The individual reaction steps, where the surfaces impact the 1O2 yield are deciphered, showing that 1O2 yield from superoxide disproportionation as well as the decomposition of trace H2O2 are sensitive to catalysts. Transition metal compounds in general are prone to increase 1O2. <br>

Pengaruh Persepsi Kegunaan, Persepsi Kemudahan, Kecepatan, Keamanan 75 dan Kerahasiaan Serta Kesiapan Teknologi Informasi Wajib Pajak terhadap Penggunaan e-Filing Bagi Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Di Kota Tangerang, Kecamatan Karawaci

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby Devina ◽  
Waluyo Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Tax Payers ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, speed, security and privacy and readiness technology tax payers information to e-Filing usage. The object of this study is the individual tax payers in Tangerang City, Karawaci District. The selection of the sample is determined based on convenience sampling method. Data used in this study was primary data, id est: questionnaires. The respondent in this study were 110. Data analysis technique in this study using multiple linear regression. The result of this study were (1) perceived usefulness have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage; (2) perceived ease of use have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage; (3) speed does not have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage; (4) security and privacy does not have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage; (5) readiness technology tax payers information does not have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage; (6) perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, speed, security and privacy and readiness technology tax payers information all simultaneously, have a significant impact towards e-Filing usage. Keywords: e-Filing usage, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, readiness technology tax payers information, security and privacy.

PROBLEM ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL NORMS OF PROTECTION OF THE VICTIMS FROM CRIME

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Яна Валерьевна Самиулина
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка исследовать отдельные проблемные аспекты института потерпевшего в российском уголовном процессе. В этих целях подвергнуты анализу правовые нормы, регламентирующие его процессуальный статус. Раскрываются отдельные пробелы уголовно-процессуального законодательства в сфере защиты законных прав и интересов потерпевшего. Автор акцентирует внимание на том, что совершенствование уголовно-процессуального законодательства в части расширения правомочий потерпевшего по отстаиванию своих нарушенных преступлением прав следует продолжить. На основании проведенного исследования действующего законодательства в части регламентации прав потерпевшего от преступления предлагается расширить перечень получаемых им копий постановлений, указанных в п. 13 ч. 2 ст. 42 УПК РФ. Автор предлагает включить в перечень указанной законодательной нормы право получения потерпевшим копии постановления об избрании конкретного вида меры пресечения, избранного в отношении подозреваемого (обвиняемого). Для создания действенного механизма защиты интересов потерпевших от преступления юридических лиц предлагаем ч. 9 ст. 42 УПК РФ изложить в следующей редакции: «в случае признания потерпевшим юридического лица его процессуальное право в уголовном процессе осуществляет представляющий его профессиональный адвокат». This article attempts to investigate certain problematic aspects of the institution of the victim in the Russian criminal process. For this purpose, analyzed the individual norms governing his procedural status. Separate gaps of the criminal procedure legislation in the sphere of protection of the legal rights and interests of the victim are disclosed. The author emphasizes that the improvement of the criminal procedure legislation in terms of the extension of the victim’s authority to defend his rights violated by the crime should be continued. On the basis of the study of the current legislation regarding the regulation of the rights of the victim of a crime, it is proposed to expand the list of decisions received by him, referred to in paragraph 13, part 2 of article 42 Code of Criminal Procedure. The author proposes to include in the list of the indicated legislative norm the right to receive the victim a copy of the decision on the selection of a specific type of preventive measure, selected in relation to the suspect (accused). To create an effective mechanism for protecting the interests of legal entities victims of a crime, we offer part 9 of art. 42 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation shall be reworded as follows: «if a legal entity is recognized as a victim, his procedural right in criminal proceedings is exercised by the professional lawyer representing him».

SAMUEL J. BROADS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary John Previts ◽  
Thomas R. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Securities Laws ◽  
Analogous Reasoning ◽  
Independent Audit ◽  
Selection Of

In the decade following the passage of the Federal Securities Laws of 1933 and 1934, the reform of accounting and auditing practices directed authority for selection of accounting principles and auditing procedures away from the discretion of the individual accountant and auditor. Instead, a self-regulatory peer driven process to establish general acceptance for a more limited set of principles and procedures was being initiated. Two events which occurred in 1938 indelibly affected this process, the SEC's decision to issue Accounting Series Release No. 4, which empowered non-governmental entities as potential sources of authoritative support, and the McKesson & Robbins fraud which called into question the value of the independent audit and the role of external auditing at the very time a momentum had been established for self-regulation by the nascent and recently reunified accounting profession. The contributions of Samuel J. Broad in both the initiatives for self-regulation of accounting principles and of auditing procedures is examined in this paper. Further, several examples of Broad's rhetorical technique of employing analogous reasoning to facilitate dissemination of complex economic and accounting issues are examined.

Application of the turbidity ratio method in the spherical particle size determination in the range m ∈ and α ∈

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 2064-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blahoslav Sedláček ◽  
Břetislav Verner ◽  
Miroslav Bárta ◽  
Karel Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Spherical Particle ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Relative Refractive Index ◽  
Particle Size Determination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given ◽  
Turbidity Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

Basic scattering functions were used in a novel calculation of the turbidity ratios for particles having the relative refractive index m = 1.001, 1.005 (0.005) 1.315 and the size α = 0.05 (0.05) 6.00 (0.10) 15.00 (0.50) 70.00 (1.00) 100, where α = πL/λ, L is the diameter of the spherical particle, λ = Λ/μ1 is the wavelength of light in a medium with the refractive index μ1 and Λ is the wavelength of light in vacuo. The data are tabulated for the wavelength λ = 546.1/μw = 409.357 nm, where μw is the refractive index of water. A procedure has been suggested how to extend the applicability of Tables to various refractive indices of the medium and to various turbidity ratios τa/τb obtained with the individual pairs of wavelengths λa and λb. The selection of these pairs is bound to the sequence condition λa = λ0χa and λb = λ0χb, in which b-a = δ = 1, 2, 3; a = -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ..., b = a + δ = -1, 0, 1, 2, ...; λ0 = λa=0 = 326.675 nm; χ = 546.1 : 435.8 = 1.2531 is the quotient of the given sequence.

Revising the Indications of Transtemporal Surgical Approaches in the Modern Endoscopic Era of Skull Base Surgery: A Dying Art

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sankar Manogaran ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Arulalan Mathialagan ◽  
Anant Mehrotra ◽  
Amit Keshri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Microsurgical Anatomy ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study is to emphasize and explore the possible transtemporal approaches for spectrum of complicated lateral skull base pathologies. Design Retrospective analysis of complicated lateral skull base pathologies was managed in our institute between January 2017 and December 2019. Setting The study was conducted in a tertiary care referral center. Main Outcome Measures The study focused on the selection of approach based on site and extent of the pathology, the surgical nuances for each approach, and the associated complications. Results A total of 10 different pathologies of the lateral skull base were managed by different transtemporal approaches. The most common complication encountered was facial nerve palsy (43%, n = 6). Other complications included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection (15%, n = 2), cosmetic deformity (24%, n = 4), petrous internal carotid artery injury (7%, n = 1), and hypoglossal nerve palsy (7%, n = 1). The cosmetic deformity included flap necrosis (n = 2) and postoperative bony defects leading to contour defects of the scalp (n = 2). Conclusion Surgical approach should be tailored based on the individual basis, to obtain adequate exposure and complete excision. Selection of appropriate surgical approach should also be based on the training and preference of the operating surgeon. Whenever necessary, combined surgical approaches facilitating full tumor exposure are recommended so that complete tumor excision is feasible. This requires a multidisciplinary team comprising neurosurgeons, neuro-otologist, neuroanesthetist, and plastic surgeons. The surgeon must know precise microsurgical anatomy to preserve the adjacent nerves and vessels, which is necessary for better surgical outcomes.

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