FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERUBAHAN LABA

Abstract— Profit is one of company’s performance indicator and it will give good signal to investor when it increases. Based on previous studies, there are some financial ratios that have effects toward change in profit such as current ratio, return on asset (ROA), total asset turnover (TATO), and debt to asset ratio (DTA). This research aims to find the effect of current ratio, ROA, TATO and DTA towards change in profit. Manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2016-2019 is the object of this research and purposive sampling as a sampling method. There are several criterias for sample selection such as published an audited financial statement for 4 years consecutive in 2016-2019; using Rupiah as a currency report in Financial statement; and has profit for 4 years consecutive in 2016-2019. There are 27 companies that meet all the criterias. The result of this research were (1) current ratio and debt to total asset had no significant effect towards changes in profit, (2) return on asset had a positive significant effect towards changes in profit, (3) total asset turnover had a negative significant effect towards changes in profit. Current ratio has no significant effect due to gain of intangible assets, gain of unrealized foreign exchange and financial income. The reason for debt to total asset is because the increase of liability is in line with the increase of asset, especially fixed assets. When fixed assets expand, total sales have increase along with profit change Keywords: Changes in Profit; Current Ratio; Debt to Asset Ratio; Return on Asset; Total Asset Turnover

INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI DI YOUTUBE MENYONGSONG INDONESIA EMAS 2045

— Indonesia is currently launching an era of demographic bonuses in which the productive population is more dominant than the non-productive population. They are the golden generation that will realize Indonesia Golden 2045. The subject of this research is about innovation in accounting learning to realize the educational goals of 2020, namely capacity building, modernization of the learning process with the use of technology, strengthening services, easy access, and can be felt by all levels of society. The method used is qualitative, data in the form of accounting learning videos on YouTube which are analyzed logically-inductively and then presented descriptively. The results of the study note that there is already an accounting learning video on YouTube but its nature is scattered so that it cannot be used as a complete learning medium for this purpose it is necessary to collaborate with several parties to create an integrated Accounting Learning account and complete one course in accordance with the established curriculum. In order for the video display to suit the tastes of the learner, the making involves students across campus. A complete accounting learning video can be used as a learning media with a blended learning system so that face-to-face meeting is more effective for practice and case studies. Keywords: Accounting Learning; Millennial Generation; YouTube; Indonesia Gold 2045.

APAKAH AGRESIVITAS PAJAK MENURUNKAN TINGKAT KEINFORMATIFAN LABA PERUSAHAAN?

Abstract— This research aims to examine the association between tax aggressiveness and the level of earnings informativeness. This study examines whether tax aggressiveness is being responded to by the market. This study's methodology is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression models and panel data. The sample employed in this study is trading sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The type of data used in this study is secondary data sourced from financial statements, stock price information, and annual reports from 2017 to 2019. The sample selection using a purposive sampling method with the number of samples amounted to 48 firm-year. This study suggests that tax aggressiveness is negatively associated with the level of earnings informativeness. The complexity of the company's tax aggressiveness activities makes it more difficult for investors to understand the quality of earnings reported by the company. Keywords: Tax Aggressiveness; Tax Avoidance; Earnings Informativeness; ERC; Market Responsiveness

PENGARUH EARNINGS MANAGEMENT DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP EXPENSE STICKINESS

Abstract—Expense stickiness is the thickness of the charge showed a response asymmetric load behavior towards a change in activity, ie when the activity decreases the burden will decline more slowly than when the activity increases. If a company's activity has decreased but also followed the rapid decline in the cost, also has been called Decrease expense stickiness, researchers predict there are motivation of management to manage earnings. The existence of good corporate governance, that with good corporate governance activities of companies that declined to follow a decreasing cost also for their efficiency on costs. It was concluded that good corporate governance also affects decreasing expense stickiness, although not as strong earnings management.The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of expense stickiness whether companies in Indonesia tend to earnings management or good corporate governance to increase corporate profits. The population used in this study are all non-financial entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the period 2014-2015. To see the effect of earnings management to use variable expense stickiness total log administration and operational expense (SGA). As for the influence of good corporate governance to use variable expense stickiness total log administration and operational expense (SGA) or the FACT which is a variable of good corporate governance.The results of this study found that companies using earnings management do not lower the expense stickiness. This shows that company management directs the achievement of performance through real activities management rather than just accrual recognition of performance. As for good corporate governance tends to decrease the stickiness expense, prove that GCG is able to oversee management activities in managing the company. Asymmetric/ opportunistic management actions can be reduced through the effectiveness of the GCG mechanism. Keywords: Corporate Governance; Earnings Management; Expense Stickiness.

PENGARUH OPPORTUNISTIC BEHAVIOUR, LEVERAGE, FINANCIAL DISTRESS TERHADAP EARNINGS MANAGEMENT

Abstract— The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of opportunistic behavior, leverage, financial distress on earnings management. Samples were obtained from non-financial companies that reported financial reports in a row from 2010-2019 with a purposive sampling method, so as to obtain data as much as 232 observations. Earnings management is measured using the Kothari (2005) model, opportunistic behavior consisting of free cash flow (FCF) as measured by the Lehn & Poulsen method (1989) and profitability as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), leverage is measured by Debt Ratio and financial distress. measured by Zmijewski's (1984) model during the study period. Data were tested using multiple linear regression through the STATA program. The results showed that opportunistic behavior as proxied by profitability can increase managers' motivation towards earnings management, as well as leverage. However, opportunistic behavior as proxied by free cash flow is not in accordance with predictions, while financial distress has no significant effect on earnings management. Keywords: Earnings Management; Opportunistic Behaviour; Leverage; Financial Distress; Zmijewski Model

PENGARUH MULTIPLE LARGE SHAREHOLDER STRUCTURE, LEVERAGE, DAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN JASA NON KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Abstract— This research is quantitative and examined the effect of multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital on company performance using the ROE. The data is retrieved from financial statements of service companies, exclude the finance subsector, listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. There are 36 companies and 171 data for the sample using the purposive sampling method. The method of analysis used is multiple linear regression. The result is that multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital have significant effects simultaneously on non-finance company performance. Partially, multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital have positive and significant effects on company performance. This research proves that company performance can be enhanced by maximizing multiple large shareholder structure roles as supervisors to decrease internal conflicts and represent the minority shareholders, keeping the leverage ratio to avoid default risk, and utilizing intellectual capital to advance the value-added of the company. Keywords: Multiple Large Shareholder Structure; Leverage; Intellectual Capital; Company Performance

DETERMINANTS OF EFFECTIVENESS REPAYMENT APPS AT P2P LENDING PLATFORM DURING COVID 19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA

Abstract— The advance of technology development today brings an innovation in the financial industries all across the world, including in Indonesia. The financial technology continues to emerge from the sector of payment, investment and loans online or as we are familiar with the term P2P Lending platform. But, the growth of this business had a challenge when the Covid-19 Pandemic hit the country in the early 2020. The P2P lending platform experienced the first highest default rate due the difficulties of the SME’s as its major customers’ in repaying their loans. The purpose of this research is to analyze the determinants of effectiveness repayment apps for ultra-micro segment on P2P platform in Indonesia. As a quantitative research, primary data were collected through questionnaire answered by 133 respondents who were borrower of the P2P lending platform. The data collection was furthered processed statistically using Structural Equation Method (SEM). The study showed that the repayment decision had significantly influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk and information quality. Information quality itself had the highest influenced among others. Keywords: Perceived Usefulness; Perceived Ease of Use; Information Quality; Perceived Risks; Repayment Decision; Repayment Apps

TAX AVOIDANCE DAN KARAKTERISTIK OPERASIONAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP BIAYA HUTANG

˗ The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of Tax Avoidance, Institutional Ownership, Operating Cash Flow and Leverage on the Cost of Debt. This study uses a causal-comparative research method with secondary data obtained from the financial statements of property companies. The population in this study were 49 property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique was purposive sampling in order to obtain a representative sample of 17 property companies. This study uses multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis. Based on the research results indicate that Tax Avoidance and Operating Cash Flow do not have a significant effect on the cost of debt and collectively tax avoidance, institutional ownership, operating cash flow, leverage simultaneously affect the cost of debt. Keywords: Tax Avoidance; Institutional Ownership; Operating Cash Flow; Leverage; Cost of Debt

DETEKSI FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING MENGGUNAKAN FRAUD PENTAGON

Abstract— The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of variables, which were derived from the Fraud Pentagon framework, on earnings management. Beneish M-Score was used to measure earnings management, which serves as a proxy fraudulent financial reporting. The independent variables consist of financial target, financial stability, external pressure, personal financial need, nature of industry, effective monitoring, change in auditor, change in director, and CEO duality. One hundred and sixteen publicly traded manufacturing companies were examined for the period 2016-2018 (n=348). Our balanced dataset was analyzed using fixed-effects panel regression. Our investigation finds that financial target, external pressure, personal financial need, nature of industry, change in auditor, and CEO duality significantly affect fraudulent financial reporting. Meanwhile, financial stability, ineffective monitoring, and change in director do not significantly affect fraudulent financial reporting. Keywords: Earnings Management; Fraud, Fraud Pentagon; Fraudulent Financial Reporting

ANALYSIS ON FACTORS THAT AFFECT STOCK PRICE: A STUDY ON PROPERTY, REAL ESTATE, AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES AT INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

Abstract— This study expects to determine the impact of Earnings Per Share (EPS), Current Ratio, Return On Asset (ROA), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) towards stock price of property and real estate firms. The samples consist of 37 property, real estate and building construction companies that were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2017–2019. Samples criteria were: listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2017–2019; did not suspend by Indonesian Stock Exchange; published financial statements during 2017 – 2019; had closing date on December 31th, using Rupiah as reporting currency and published audited financial statement; have positive income; and did not do share splits and stock reverse during 2017 – 2019. The data was analysed by using multiple regression method. The result of this study are: EPS has positive significant impact to stock price, Current Ratio has no positive impact to stock price, while ROA and DER have negative significant impact to stock price. All the independent variables had significant impact on stock price simultaneously. Keywords: Current Ratio; DER; EPS; ROA; Stock Price