Nationalism in the Low Countries
The age of nationalism offers us many examples which prove that affinities in descent or language have no influence on the formation of modern nations or on their political ideas. Switzerland is only one of several Germanic lands which developed a nationalism resembling much more closely that of England rather than that of Germany. The case of the Low Countries is similar. Both were until the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries politically and historically a part of the German Empire. Both grew into separate nations in border regions where Germanic and Latin civilizations have met since the beginning of European history. Both gained their national character by a process of intellectual and political emancipation from Germany. The Dutch historian, Jan Huizinga, affirmed in Berlin at the beginning of 1933 in a lecture on the Netherlands as mediator between Western and Central Europe that “Our whole history as a people and a state is, with a few exceptions, Western European history. Our relations with the West have conditioned our independence as a people and as a state. Be it as friends, be it as enemies, France and England were our teachers. The Netherlands have significance and a meaningful place only as a territory oriented toward the West.”
1973 - Congres Modernism in the Low Countries 1915-1930, georganiseerd door Edgar Poleme en Francis Bulhof, University of Texas at Austin, 15-17 oktober; resulterend in Francis Bulhof (red.), Nijhoff, Van Ostaijen, ‘De Stijl’. Modernism in the Netherlands and Belgium in the first quarter of the 20th century. Six essays. Den Haag, Nijhoff, 1976
