Notes on Three Turkish Manuscripts

1948 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
C. S. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Made In

I. ′ÖMER B. MEZÎD: Mecmû‘atu’n-nazdir (S.O.A.S., 27,689), ff. 309, size 7 ½ in. by 5 ½ in., thick paper in library cloth, binding. The MS. has been considerably cut down, and the first leaf is missing. An odd leaf, formerly one of the end blanks, upon which verses have been written, has been bound in separately at the beginning. The first few leaves are defective, but have been carefully repaired, and nothing of importance is missing; in the main the MS. is in extremely good condition. It is undated, but belongs to the fifteenth century. Among the chronograms there is a verse which suggests that the compilation was made in 840/1436. The hand is a bold clear early Turkish neskh, black, with titles and ruled border in red. The harekes are carefully marked throughout. There are only eleven lines to a page, the area within the ruling being about 6 ¼ in. by 4 ¼ in., sometimes slightly more.

scholarly journals Hvem var opænbarligh gen guth i Jyske Lovs Fortale? Et studie i Lovbogens teksthistorie

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Gelting
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Standard Text ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Law ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Political Realities ◽  
Made In

One sentence in the Prologue of the Law of Jutland (1241) has caused much scholarlydiscussion since the nineteenth century. Did it say that “the law which the king givesand the land adopts, he [i.e. the king] may not change or abolish without the consentof the land, unless he [i.e. the king] is manifestly contrary to God” – or “unless it [i.e.the law] is manifestly contrary to God”? In this article it is argued that scholarly conjectures about the original sense of the text at this point have paid insufficient attentionto the textual history of the law-book.On the basis of Per Andersen’s recent study of the early manuscripts of the Lawof Jutland, it is shown that the two earliest surviving manuscripts both have a readingthat leaves little doubt that the original text stated that the king could not change thelaw without the consent of the land unless the law was manifestly contrary to God. Theequivocal reading that has caused the scholarly controversy was introduced by a conservativerevision of the law-book (known as the AB text), which is likely to have originatedin the aftermath of the great charter of 1282, which sealed the defeat of the jurisdictionalpretensions of King Erik V. A more radical reading, leaving no doubt that the kingwould be acting contrary to God in changing the law without consent, occurs in an earlyfourteenth-century manuscript and sporadically throughout the fifteenth century, butit never became the generally accepted text. On the contrary, an official revision of thelaw-book (the I text), probably from the first decade of the fourteenth century, sought toeliminate the ambiguity by adding “and he may still not do it against the will of the land”,thus making it clear that it was the law that might be contrary to God.Due to the collapse of the Danish monarchy in the second quarter of the fourteenthcentury, the I text never superseded the AB text. The two versions coexistedthroughout the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and soon produced a number ofhybrid versions. One of these gained particular importance, since it was the text thatwas used for the first printed editions of the Law of Jutland in 1504 and 1508. Thus itbecame the standard text of the law-book in the sixteenth century. The early printededitions also included the medieval Latin translation of the Law of Jutland and theLatin glosses to the text. The glosses are known to be the work of Knud Mikkelsen,bishop of Viborg from 1451 to 1478. Based on a close comparison of the three texts, itis argued here that Bishop Knud was also the author of the revised Danish and Latintexts of the law-book that are included in the early printed editions, and that the wholework was probably finished in or shortly after 1466. Bishop Knud included the I text’saddition to the sentence about the king’s legislative powers.An effort to distribute Bishop Knud’s work as a new authoritative text seems tohave been made in 1488, but rather than replacing the earlier versions of the Lawof Jutland, this effort appears to have triggered a spate of new versions of the medievaltext, each of them based upon critical collation of several different manuscripts.In some of these new versions, a further development in the sentence on the king’slegislative power brought the sentence in line with the political realities of the late fifteenthcentury. Instead of having “he” [i.e. the king] as the agent of legal change, theyattribute the initiative to the indefinite personal pronoun man: at the time, any suchinitiative would require the agreement of the Council of the Realm.Only the printing press brought this phase of creative confusion to an end in theearly sixteenth century.Finally, it is argued that the present article’s interpretation of the original senseof this particular passage in the Prologue is in accordance with the nature of Danishlegislation in the period from c.1170 to the 1240s, when most major legislation happenedin response to papal decretals and changes in canon law.

Niall ‘of the Nine Hostages’ in connexion with the treasures of Traprain Law and Ballinrees, and the destruction of Wroxeter, Chester, Caerleon and Caerwent

1924 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ridgeway
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Silver Plate ◽  
Firth Of Forth ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Made In

In 1914 the Scottish Antiquaries began excavations on the hill of Traprain Law, 20 miles E. of Edinburgh, about 2 miles from the sea and overlooking the Firth of Forth. Here in 1919 was made one of the most notable discoveries ever known in Britain, the hoard of Roman silver plate, now in the National Scottish Museum, and admirably described by Mr. Alex. Curle, Director of the Royal Scottish Museum. There are remains of 10 flagons or flasks, 5 wine cups, 50 bowls, deep and shallow, 22 flat circular dishes, 6 square dishes, 5 cylindrical vessels, 9 spoons, a wine strainer, part of a funnel, 2 lids, a toilet box, 2 handles in animal forms, etc., packets of cut-up pieces ready for smelting [or to pass by weight as money ?], a fibula, 2 buckles, a hand-mirror, an earring, and 4 silver coins—one each of Valens (364-78) and Valentinian II (379-93), and 2 of Honorius (395-423). These last named ‘were in good condition,’ and it was therefore evident that the deposit was made in the reign of Honorius ‘probably in the commencement of the fifth century, or at least shortly thereafter.’

An Illuminated English Guide to Pilgrimage in the Holy Land: Oxford, Queen’s College, MS 357

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Rudy
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Salvation History ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Made In

Few medieval pilgrims' guides were written in English; even fewer were illuminated. This chapter examines Oxford, Queen's College, MS 357, a manuscript made in England in the late fifteenth century, which possesses both qualities. The manuscript contains a variety of texts written in Latin and English including pilgrims' guides, prayers to be said at holy sites in Palestine, travellers' tales, and descriptions of miracles that have taken place at shrines. It is also exuberantly illuminated. The miniatures begin with an Annunciation and end with Christ in Judgment. These two images form the parentheses around the others in the manuscript, which depict sites in the Holy Land. The miniatures and decoration unite the disparate texts, turning them into a scale model of salvation history and providing a prompt to virtual pilgrimage.

The Boxted Bombard

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Howard L. Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Wrought Iron ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

In 1792 the Society published in Archaeologia an engraving of ‘An antient Mortar at Eridge Green’, with the claim that it was the first gun made in England. Subsequent writers on the history of artillery, while noting the gun's importance as one of the first examples of a wrought-iron cannon or bombard (to give it its correct name), believed that it had been destroyed. In fact, by the date of its publication, the bombard had been removed to Boxted Hall, Suffolk, where it remained unrecognized until its transfer to the Royal Armouries, H. M. Tower of London, in 1979. This article traces the history of the bombard, the method of its construction and concludes that it was probably made in England, in the Weald, during the fifteenth century.

Zheng He's Expeditions to the Western Ocean and His Navigation Technology

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Guangqi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Age Of Discovery ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Made In

Zheng He was the greatest navigator in China's history and he conducted major oceanic voyages, before the western ‘Age of Discovery’, at a time when the Portuguese under Prince Henry were just beginning to feel their way down the coast of Africa. Under the orders of Emperor Yongle and then Emperor Xuande in the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He led a fleet which was the greatest in the world in the fifteenth century and made, in all, seven expeditions to the Western Ocean from 1405 to 1433. His fleet sailed across most of the sea areas of the Western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and visited more than thirty Asian and African countries and regions. This paper will mainly discuss the extraordinary achievements of Zheng He's expeditions and their navigational technology, and will also briefly evaluate their role in navigational history.

Recognising strategies for conquered territories: a case study from the Inka North Calchaquí Valley

Antiquity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (334) ◽  
pp. 1141-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix A. Acuto ◽  
Andrés Troncoso ◽  
Alejandro Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Force Production ◽  
South American ◽  
Class Separation ◽  
Made In

In this detailed study of fifteenth-century settlements in Argentina, the authors show how the Inka did not just use force, production and ritual to subdue the indigenous population. The conquerors' strategy included the re-ordering of settlement plans, routeways and landscape, class separation and even the imposition of a rigorous discipline on the indigenous vision, controlling what could be seen looking out or looking in. The material readings made in these South American examples have much to offer to archaeologists working in colonial periods elsewhere.

scholarly journals Datación de la lengua del lybro de Magyka (MS. 5-2-32, Biblioteca Colombina, Sevilla)

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duchowny Aléxia ◽  
Pereira Luíza
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
The Third ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar la fecha aproximada de la producción del texto del manuscrito Lybro de magyka, la tercera parte de una obra sobre astrología, en espanõl, comprada por Hernando Colón en 1527, que se conserva hoy en la Biblioteca Colombina, Sevilla, bajo la inscripción Ms. 5-2-32. Nuestra hipótesis es que el texto fue escrito entre los siglos XIII y XVI. Por lo tanto, la base teórica está constituida por gramáticas históricas de la lengua española que traen las siguientes características representativas del español medieval que nos permitieran elaborar criterios para el análisis que comprobarían o no la hipótesis inicial: 1) la formación de adverbios con el sufijo -mientre; 2) los masculinos hechos en -a que adoptan concordancia femenina; 3) la aspiración de la f- inicial; 4) el cambio de la copulativa et para y; 4) el adverbio suso. Los resultados permiten observar que la lengua del manuscrito fecha probablemente de finales del siglo XIV o del siglo XV, lo que se encuentra de acuerdo con las hipótesis de autoría propuestas por los trabajos acerca del Lybro de magyka hasta el momento. Así, el presente estudio contribuye para la reconstrucción de la historia del códice y para los estudios acerca de la lengua española. The objective of this work is to identify the approximate date of the production of the text of the manuscript Lybro de magyka, the third part of a work on astrology, in Spanish, purchased by Hernando Colón in 1527, which is preserved today in the Biblioteca Colombina, Seville, Spain, under the registration Ms. 5-2-32. Our hypothesis is that the text was written between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries, and is a copy of a Catalan translation. Therefore, the theoretical basis is constituted by works of internal and external history of the Spanish language that bring representative characteristics of the medieval Spanish. The characteristics below allow to elaborate criteria for the analysis that would verify or not the initial hypothesis: 1) the formation of adverbs with the suffix -mientre ; 2) the masculine ones made in -a that adopt feminine concordance; 3) the change of the copulative et to y; The results show that the language of the manuscript probably dates from the fifteenth century, which is in accordance with the hypotheses of authorship proposed by the works on the Lybro de Magyka so far. Thus, the present study contributes to the reconstruction of the history of the codex and to the studies about the Spanish language.

scholarly journals Identifying Medieval Fragments in Three Musical Instruments Made by Antonio Stradivari

Fragmentology ◽  
10.24446/v4ub ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Échard ◽  
Laura Albiero
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Relative Dating ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
The Common ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Made In

This article identifies ten fragments, used as reinforcements in the sounding boxes of three instruments made by Antonio Stradivari (Cremona, c.1648-1737), which are now kept at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford (the ‘Cipriani Potter’ violin, 1683, and the ‘Hill’ guitar, 1688), and at the musée de la Musique in Paris (the ‘Vuillaume’ guitar). The fragments appear to come from a single book of hours, made in Italy no later than the mid-fifteenth century. This identification allows the documentation of the use of parchment fragments in the making process of Stradivari. The authors discuss what the common origin of parchment fragments found in three distinct instruments implies for the authenticity and relative dating of their making. Finally, this study sheds light on the potential of documenting reused parchment fragments, which are widely present in many string musical instruments produced in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries.

IV The III Consideracions Right Necesserye to the Good Governaunce of a Prince

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 174-219
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
English Text ◽  
Made In

The III Considerations right necesserye to the good governaunce of a Prince is the English translation, made in the middle of the fifteenth century, of a French tract written in 1347. The English text does not have the two poems which form the introduction and conclusion of the French tract; they are printed here as appendix I and II.

III John Benet's Chronicle for the years 1400 to 1462

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 151-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Harriss ◽  
M. A. Harriss
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Trinity College Dublin ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Made In

MS. E.5.10 in Trinity College, Dublin, is a volume measuring approximately 8½ × 6 inches, consisting of 224 leaves of vellum and paper written in English and Latin.1 The greater part is in one clear, regular fifteenth-century cursive hand, but the volume also includes sections of thirteenth- and fourteenth-century date and has flyleaves of fragments of similar date. Throughout the volume additions have been made in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries by a dozen or more different hands. On fo. 2v an inscription in the hand of the greater part of the book reads: ‘Iste liber est Domini Johannis Benet de harlyngdon. Quisquis istum elongaverit de custodia sua absque suo consensu anathema sit maranatha’, and at not less than twelve other places throughout the volume Benet signs his name, usually in the form ‘quod Benet’2. Three of these are dated: on fo. 75v ‘Quod Benet apud Harlyngdon Anno Domini M1CCCColxjo DominicalilitteraC’; on fo. 12Ir ‘quod Benet apud Harlyngdon Anno Domini M1CCCC1XViijo littera dominicali B’; on fo. 189v ‘M1CCCClxxj 13 die Novembris quod Benet’. John Benet was vicar of Harlington in Bedfordshire throughout the period covered by these dates, during which he wrote and assembled his book. The paper he used shows a variety of watermarks of the mid-fifteenth century, such as might be expected of a compiler in the provinces buying paper in small packets or using what happened to be at hand. After it was bound several of the remaining blank leaves were used by others for additional notes. The volume was foliated by one of these later hands, and on ff. 191–2 a table of contents with the folio references was made in the late fifteenth century. All the items in the table are present in the book as it survives today.

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