Exchangeable Cations and Picloram Sorption by Soil and Model Adsorbents

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Arnold ◽  
W. J. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Exchange Complex ◽  
Polyvalent Cations

The adsorption of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) was determined on an Aiken silt loam, on three cation exchange resins and on a single anion exchange resin. Adsorption data were evaluated using parameters in the Freundlich equation and their dependance upon cationic composition of the exchange complex, the ionic composition of the equilibrium solution, and the equilibrium solution pH. For the Aiken soil saturated with metallic cations the order of decreasing picloram adsorptive capacity was Fe+3= Cu+2> Al+3> Zn+2> Ca+2> native soil. Increases in adsorption compared to the native Aiken soil could be explained on the basis of decreases in the equilibrium solution pH except for Fe+3, Zn+2, and especially the Cu+2treatments. The adsorptive capacity of the Aiken soil was altered by the addition of several salts simulating addition of fertilizer salts. The Cu+2and Zn+2salts were the only treatments showing increased adsorption which could not be explained readily by pH changes. KH2PO4and NH2CONH2(urea) reduced picloram adsorption. Dowex 50-1 × 4, a strongly acidic cation exchange resin, showed increased picloram adsorptive capacity in the order Cu+2> Al+3> Ca+2> Zn+2= H+. Cellex CM, a weakly acidic cellulose exchanger had increased adsorptive capacities in the order of Cu+2> Ca+2> Al+3> Na+> Fe+3> Zn+2. Picloram adsorption by an anion exchange resin at pH 6.1 was nearly 100%. These results suggest that complex formation of picloram with polyvalent cations on the exchange complex is likely especially for Cu+2and to a lesser extent Fe+3and Zn+2. In soils such complex reactions would most probably involve organic matter, polyvalent cations, and picloram. The formation of chelate ring species is proposed.

Inactivation of Herbicides by Activated Carbon and other Adsorbents

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Coffey ◽  
G. F. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Root Bioassay

A root bioassay was used to compare the adsorption of herbicides by activated carbon with that of muck soil, bentonite clay, a cation exchange resin, and an anion exchange resin. The effectiveness of different adsorbents was determined by comparing the concentrations of herbicide required to give 50% root inhibition of the test plant. Of eight herbicides tested, six were more strongly adsorbed by activated carbon than by any of the other adsorbents. The relative amount of adsorption by activated carbon as measured by the reduction in biological activity was as follows: isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl)-carbamate (CIPC) > α,α,α,trifluro-2,6-dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) > 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) > N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (diphenamid) > dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) > 4,6-dinitro-o-sec-butylphenol (DNBP) > 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben). The biological activity of 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salt (paraquat), a cationic herbicide, was not reduced by activated carbon, but was reduced by bentonite clay and the cation exchange resin. DNBP was more strongly adsorbed by the anion exchange resin than by activated carbon. Desorption from activated carbon varied greatly for the herbicides tested. The most readily desorbed herbicide was 2,4-D while CIPC and DNBP showed little or no desorption.

Chlorsulfuron Dissociation and Adsorption on Selected Adsorbents and Soils

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Shea
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Spectrophotometric Titration ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Strong Anion Exchange

The dissociation constant for chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} in aqueous solution measured by spectrophotometric titration is 3.58 ± 0.05. Chlorsulfuron was more strongly adsorbed on IRA-400-Cl strong anion exchange resin than on IR-4B-OH weak anion exchange resin or Al2O3 anionotropic adsorbent. Hydrogen bonding was probably responsible for the adsorption observed on IR-120-Na(H) cation exchange resin. No chlorsulfuron was adsorbed on Al2O3 cationotropic absorbent, technical montmorillonite, illite, or kaolinite. Adsorption did occur on organic matter derived from a histosol. Chlorsulfuron was strongly adsorbed on activated charcoal but had little affinity for α-cellulose. Adsorption onto hydrophobic polymeric XAD-2 adsorbent at pH 5.2 was not significant for chlorsulfuron concentrations below 30 μM. No significant adsorption occurred on a variety of mineral soils low in organic matter. Adsorption on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam was inversely related to solution pH. Hydrogen bonding and charge transfer bonds were postulated as the major mechanisms responsible for chlorsulfuron adsorption in soil.

ADSORPTION STUDIES WITH THE ACID AND DIMETHYLAMINE FORMS OF 2,4-D AND DICAMBA

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAJ GROVER ◽  
ALLAN E. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
Strong Adsorption ◽  
Anionic Species

The adsorption of acid and dimethylamine salts of 2,4-D and dicamba was studied on Canadian prairie soils and various other adsorbents, using slurry-type adsorption experiments. The amount of adsorption of both the acid and dimethylamine forms of the two herbicides was minimal. The results were explained on the basis of dissociation of the acidic and dimethylamine salts to the respective anionic forms in the near-neutral prairie soils. This conclusion was supported by (1) the strong adsorption of these herbicides to the anion-exchange resin but not to the cation-exchange resin; (2) the strong adsorption of the 14C-dimethylamine cation to these soils; and (3) the leaching patterns of the 14C-dimethylamine salts of both herbicides from soils and resins. Only the anionic species were eluted from columns containing soils and cation-exchange resin whereas only the 14C-dimethylamine cation eluted from columns containing anion-exchange resin. Both forms of 2,4-D and dicamba were strongly adsorbed to activated charcoal, cellulose triacetate, and peat. There was little or no adsorption of these herbicides to montmorillonite and kaolinitic clays, cellulose powder, or wheat straw.

scholarly journals Isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes using ion exchange resins АВ 17×8 AND KU-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Sayan E. Salmenbayev ◽  
◽  
Nazgul K. Nurgaysinova ◽  
Gani M. Yessilkanov ◽  
Аray E. Temirzhanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Exchange Resins

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop a methodological base for determining 151Sm content in the soil cover of radioactively contaminated territories of Kazakhstan. The developed method for the determining of 151Sm will make it possible to assess the levels of soil contamination with this radionuclide, to determine the character of its spatial distribution, to allow estimating the internal exposure doses for the personnel and the population. The aim of the research is to carry out the isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes from acid solutions via using ion-exchange resins AV 17×8 and KU-2. Objects: salt solutions based on nitric and hydrochloric acid containing the stable isotopes of some natural, artificial β-emitters and isotopes of U and Th. The concentrations of nitric and hydrochloric acids were equal to the concentrations of the same acids used in the routine analysis of Pu and Am. Concentrations of chemical elements were determined using the Agilent 7700x quadrupole mass spectrometer and the iCAP 6300 Duo atomic emission spectrometer. The results of the experiments on the isolation and radiochemical purification of samarium isotopes from acidic solutions using anion-exchange resin AV 17×8 and cation-exchange resin KU-2 have been presented. It has been shown that the Sm-fraction can be purified from alkaline elements, Tl and U isotopes using the KU-2 cation-exchange resin. In turn, the isotopes U, Fe and Co can be removed using an anion exchange resin in 9M HCl media.

scholarly journals The influence of water filtration rate on the efficiency of its oxidization on iron-containing redoxite

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Mykola Gomelya ◽  
Andrii Holiaka
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Residual Oxygen ◽  
Residual Oxygen Content

Experimet to determine the effectiveness of iron-containing redoxites on the efficiency of water deoxidation. In the course of the study, the dependence of the efficiency of water deoxidation on the filtration rate was determined. The filtration rate was varied in the range from 5 to 25 mph. The residual oxygen content and the dissolved iron content in the water were determined. It was shown that with increasing filtration rate within these limits, the residual oxygen concentration increases from 0.1-0.2 mg/dm3 to 0.9-1.0 mg/dm3. The residual oxygen content depends not only on the filtration rate but also on the reaction of the medium. An increase in the residual oxygen concentration with increasing pH of the medium from 6.7 to 10.0.  Residual iron content depends little on both the filtration rate and the reaction medium and in all cases did not exceed 0.2 mg / dm3. In this work, the dissolution of iron in general was determined by preliminary preparation for the work of iron-containing redoxite. When used in the installation scheme, in addition to the column with iron-containing redoxite, also columns with cation exchange resin KU-2-8 in Na-form, almost complete removal of iron ions from the water and natriation softening of tap water was noted. In the case of sodium-cationized water, the extraction of iron from water will be observed for a long time, given the low concentration of iron ions in the water and the high capacity of the cation exchange resin in iron ions. In addition, sorbed iron (II) ions on the cation exchange resin are oxidized by oxygen residues to iron (III). The latter, at elevated pH, are hydrolyzed, which is the reason for the restoration of capacity and cation exchange resin by divalent iron cations. In the case when after the column with iron-containing redoxite used anion exchange resin AB-17-8 in sulfite form, complete extraction of oxygen from water was achieved. Given that the oxygen concentration in water with the use of iron-containing composite decreased by 10-40 times, the load on the anion exchange redox will decrease proportionally, which means that the duration of the anion exchange redox filter cycle will increase in the same proportion. The use of iron in the second stage of the anion exchange resin in the SO32- form remained unchanged, but complete oxygen extraction was achieved. The option is quite promising for implementation.

scholarly journals Synthesis of hydrated ferric oxide on cation exchange resin for phosphate and hardness removal in water

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
Le Ba Tran ◽  
Trung Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Tri Thich Le ◽  
Quynh Anh Nguyen Thi ◽  
Phuoc Toan Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Adsorption Condition ◽  
Before And After

Abstract In this study, a potential adsorbent was synthesized from iron salt and cation exchange resin (FeOOH@CR) and applied for phosphate adsorption in batch experiments. The characteristics of FeOOH@CR materials before and after phosphate adsorption were determined by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The factors affecting the adsorption process such as reaction time, solution pH, material dosage, concentration, temperature, and competing ions were tested. Kinetic, thermodynamic and isothermal models of the adsorption process were applied to study the nature of the adsorption process. The properties of phosphate adsorption, effect of competitive ions and material reusability were also examined. Results showed that the adsorption time reached equilibrium after 48 h and the suitable adsorption condition was found at solution pH of 6.5, material dosage of 5 g/L. In addition, the durability of the material after 5 times of regeneration was investigated with the remained adsorption ability of about 55% as compared to the original one.

New Composite Materials for Decreasing of Radioactive Molecular Iodine in the Water Coolant on the Working and New Developed NPPS

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kulyukhin ◽  
L. V. Mizina ◽  
A. A. Tishina
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Molecular Iodine ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Coolant ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
The Given

The sorption of 131I−, 131IO3−, I2 and CH3131I from water solutions at 25°C on new composite materials obtained by modifying of cation-exchange resin KU-2 was investigated. It was established, that the given materials are capable to absorb I2 both from distilled water, and from a water coolant of the WWER-type NPPs, with distribution factors Kd more than 103 cm3/g at V/m = 100. Thus, it was found, that practically full I2 absorption (more than 95.0%) was achieved for 15 min. It was shown, that anion-exchange resin AV-18 is capable to adsorb CH3131I from a water solutions with distribution factors Kd more than 300 cm3/g at V/m = 100.

Synthesis of kaolinite by homogeneous precipitation at room temperature

Clay Minerals ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. La Iglesia ◽  
J. L. Martin-Vivaldi
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Homogeneous Precipitation ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Original Solution

AbstractA method of precipitation in homogenous solution has been used for the synthesis of kaolin minerals at room temperature. The method consists essentially in producing conditions for which a sufficiently slow rate of precipitation is maintained. In the particular case described in this paper, the conditions for homogenous precipitation are obtained by addition of an anion exchange resin in the OH form to an acidic solution (pH ≈ 4) of sodium silicate and aluminium chloride or acetate.The mineral species synthesized in each particular case depend on the kind of anions present in the original solution (chloride or acetate) and also on the nature of the exchange resin used.

Ion-Exchange Removal of Fe(III) and Mg(II) in the Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Rocks by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 670 ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Lidiya N. Skvortsova ◽  
Aleksey S. Podprugin ◽  
Vladimir I. Otmakhov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Tiron has been proposed for the removal of Fe (III) and Mg (II) ions from the test solution by ion exchange in the REE trace analysis in rocks by ICP-MS. The conditions for Fe (III) isolation on a column with anion-exchange resin АВ-17-8,Cl– and for Mg (II) on a column with cation-exchange resin Purolite С100 have been found. The concentration of Fe (III) is reduced up to 10 times, and Mg (II) – more than 100 times. Correction factors have been used in order to eliminate the systematic error in the determination of REE due to their partial sorption on the anion-exchange resin in the form of complexes with Tiron. The correctness and accuracy of the developed sample preparation method and of the correction factors have been confirmed in the analysis of standard samples base on natural geochemical objects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document