Metribuzin and Chlorsulfuron Effect on Grain of Treated Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Coleoptile Growth ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Mineral Accumulation

A field experiment was conducted to determine the influence of metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] and/or chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl)benzenesulfonamide} on germination, coleoptile growth, and mineral accumulation of seed from treated parent plants. The herbicides were applied postemergence in the spring to ‘Vona’ and ‘Centurk’ winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). The rate of metribuzin was 360 g ai/ha, with chlorsulfuron applied at 18, 35, or 70 g/ha. Metribuzin reduced grain yields of both varieties approximately 40%, whereas chlorsulfuron at the higher rates reduced grain yields of only Vona. Seed germination was not affected by either herbicide, but metribuzin, when applied alone, reduced coleoptile growth of Vona seed. The addition of chlorsulfuron to metribuzin eliminated this growth reduction. The mineral concentration of the seed of both varieties indicated that metribuzin and chlorsulfuron did not affect mineral translocation to the seed by the parent plant.

Evaluation of Registered Herbicides for Cheat (Bromus secalinus) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Early Fall

Seven field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to compare efficacy and wheat response to currently registered cheat suppression or control herbicide treatments. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron premix (5:1 w/w) at 26 g ai/ha applied PRE controlled cheat 20 to 61%, increased wheat grain yields at two of seven locations, and decreased dockage due to cheat at five of seven locations. Chlorsulfuron + metsulfuron at 21 g/ha tank-mixed with metribuzin at 210 g/ha, applied early fall POST, controlled cheat 36 to 98% and increased wheat yield at four of seven locations. Metribuzin applied POST in the fall at 420 g/ha controlled cheat 56 to 98% and increased wheat yields at five of seven locations. Both POST treatments decreased dockage at all locations.

Effect of Herbicides on Take-All Disease (Gaeumannomyces graminis) in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
Ray M. Geddens ◽  
Arnold P. Appleby ◽  
Robert L. Powelson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Take All

Experiments were conducted in each of two seasons to determine possible effects of diclofop, difenzoquat, dinoseb, and mecoprop on the incidence of take-all disease and grain yield of winter wheat. All of the herbicides, especially mecoprop, reduced incidence of take-all. Treatments increased grain yields the first year but not the second, compared to the inoculated weed-free control. None of the herbicides tested increased incidence or severity of take-all disease in either of the two seasons. The technique of inoculating disease-free soil was successful in obtaining uniform and reproducible incidence of disease.

Herbicides for Winter-hardy Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Control in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Yields

Diclofop at 840 g ai/ha, fenoxaprop at 90 g ai/ha, and imazamethabenz at 530 g ai/ha fall-applied controlled wild oat 96, 99, and 95% and increased wheat grain yields 26, 29, and 24%, respectively. These herbicides controlled wild oat over a wider range of growth stages than current labels indicate. The same treatments applied in March were less effective for wild oat control and did not increase wheat yield.

WINTER WHEAT SEEDLING PREFERENCE BY GRAZING RODENTS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1011
Author(s):  
U. J. PITTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Experimental Line ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Preferential grazing by rodents on an experimental line of hard red winter wheat, WT80 (Triticum aestivum L.) was observed in a variety × fertilizer field experiment that also included the cvs. Winalta, Sundance, and Kharkov 22MC. Plots that received NP fertilizers were more intensively grazed than others. The rodents were tentatively identified as white-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus townsendi campanius Hollister).

Chemical Fallow in a Winter Wheat-Fallow Rotation

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Wicks ◽  
D. E. Smika
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Fallow Period ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Chemical Fallow

Five fallow treatments in an alternate winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) fallow rotation experiment were compared over a 6-yr period at North Platte, Nebraska. During the 14-month fallow period from winter wheat harvest until winter wheat planting, plots receiving no tillage (weeds were controlled by herbicides) had the least weed growth, most soil water stored, and highest amount of surface mulch maintained. Also, the plots receiving only herbicides had the highest grain yields of all treatments. However, an average of 3.8 herbicide applications were needed to control grass weeds missed by 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine) during the last 5.5 months of the fallow period. Greatest weed growth during the fallow period was on plots that received only tillage and occurred during the first 3 months after harvest.

Effects of nitrogen applied at different dates, and of other cultural treatments on eyespot, lodging and yield of winter wheat. Field experiment 1952

1955 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Salt
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
The Mean

Lodging and yield of winter wheat were studied in a factorial experiment on land infested with the fungus Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. causing Eyespot. Two varieties, Squareheads Master 13/4 with long, and Bersée with short, straw, were compared at two seed rates; sulphate of ammonia was applied at 0, 2, and 4 cwt./acre at four different dates; four of the 8 blocks of 10 plots were sprayed in March with sulphuric acid to control eyespot.Lowering the seed rate from 3 to 1½ bushels/acre decreased eyespot and the area lodged and increased the mean yield of the 2 varieties by 4·9 cwt. in unsprayed and 2·1 cwt./acre in sprayed plots. Spraying the variety Squareheads Master decreased the straws with severe lesions from 66 to 17%, decreased the area lodged from 95 to 36%, and increased grain from 22·4 to 32·4 cwt./acre; spraying Bersée decreased severe lesions from 56 to 15%, decreased lodging from 54 to 1% and increased yield from 32·6 to 43·5 cwt./acre.The mean percentage infection at harvest was little affected by nitrogen applied in March, April or May, but was decreased by nitrogen applied in October. In contrast, the time of applying nitrogen greatly affected the weight of straw and the extent of lodging, both of which were increased more by top dressings in March and April than by those in May. Plots that received nitrogen in March and October had similar weights of straw, but the latter, with less eyespot, lodged less. Where lodging was slight, grain yields were increased equally by nitrogen applied at each date; where lodging was extensive, yields were depressed by dressings in March and April, and increased by those in October and May. Sulphate of ammonia, applied at 0, 2 and 4 cwt./acre to sprayed (upright) plots of Bersée, yielded respectively 36·8, 42·9 and 47·3 cwt. of grain, whereas applied to unsprayed (completely lodged) plots of Squareheads Master yielded only 22·4, 22·0 and 22·9 cwt./acre respectively.

FOLIAR APPLICATION OF CHELATED AND NON-CHELATED METALS FOR SUPPLYING MICRONUTRIENTS TO WHEAT GROWN ON CALCAREOUS SOIL

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. MODAIHSH
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Wide Range

A field experiment was conducted from 1992 to 1994 to study the effect of supplying micronutrients to wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Yecora rojo) grown on calcareous soil. Chelated and/or non-chelated forms of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were administered through a wide range of foliar applications, sprayed either individually or in combination. All the chelated micronutrients were applied in the form of EDTA with the exception of Fe (EDDHA). However, all the non-chelated elements were in the form of sulphate. The grain yield was significantly increased by the application of individual micronutrients either in the form of sulphate or chelate, but much higher amounts of sulphates were required. Application of micronutrient combinations either in chelated or non-chelated forms gave greater biological and grain yields than individual applications of the micronutrients. Wheat response to micronutrient applications followed in rank order: combined elements > Fe > Cu = Zn > Mn. Application of the micronutrients in sulphate form generally resulted in higher concentrations of these elements in grain than when the chelated forms were applied. Foliar application of the micronutrients in the form of sulphates at higher application rates may be more effective than the chelates due to lower cost despite the higher application rates.

Seeding Arrangement on Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Grain Yield and Interaction with Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold P. Appleby ◽  
Bill D. Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Grid Pattern ◽  
Grain Yields

Studies were conducted to determine whether cross-seeding of winter wheat, while maintaining an equal seeding rate per hectare, would increase wheat grain yields and help the wheat compete more effectively against Italian ryegrass than conventional seeding. Wheat was seeded at rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1 in conventional parallel rows or cross seeded in a grid pattern. Ryegrass was seeded at densities of 0, 20, 100, and 200 plants per m-2. Cross-seeded wheat yielded less grain than single-seeded wheat in 1990 in the absence of ryegrass; there were no differences in 1991. Cross seeding did not reduce competition from Italian ryegrass. Ryegrass was highly competitive against wheat, especially in 1990. Even 20 plants per m-2 reduced grain yield by an average of 38%. Wheat seeding rate had essentially no effect on grain yield in 1990, but the higher seeding rates reduced yields in 1991 because of extensive lodging. In 1991, wheat grain yields were higher in the cross-seeded plots than the single-seeded plots at the two high wheat seeding rates and highest ryegrass densities. Cross seeding does not appear promising as an aid to controlling ryegrass in Pacific Northwest wheat.

Response of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) to Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Paul T. Nordquist ◽  
John W. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Twenty-five winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) cultivars were sprayed with herbicides when in the tillering stage in April at North Platte, NE. In 1978, ‘Lindon’ and ‘Vona’ stands were reduced and grain yields of ‘Larned′, Lindon, ‘Roughrider′, 'Sage′, 'Scout 66′, 'Sentinel′, ‘Turkey′, and Vona cultivars were reduced by metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] plus pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] at 0.3 plus 2.8 kg ai/ha. There were no differences among cultivars in response to herbicides in 1979, 1981, and 1982. During 1980, wheat was more tolerant to a mixture of pendimethalin and 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] than metribuzin plus pendimethalin. In 1981 and 1982, combinations of 2,4-D with pendimethalin or metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] did not reduce wheat yields. The mixture of pendimethalin plus 2,4-D performed satisfactorily in 4 yr of use.

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