Comparison of Six Cropping Systems for Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Keeley ◽  
R. J. Thullen ◽  
J. H. Miller ◽  
C. H. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Double Cropping

Six cropping/weed control systems were evaluated from 1978 to 1980 for the control of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.). Supplementing cultivation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Acala SJ-2′) with either preplant applications of fluridone {1 - methyl - 3 - phenyl - 5 - [3 - (trifluoromethyl)phenyl] -4(1H-pyridinone} or two hoeings for 2 yr preceding cotton treated with DSMA (disodium methanearsonate) and MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) reduced populations of viable yellow nutsedge tubers 98 to 99% within 3 yr. Dry- or wet - fallowing plus tillage after barley (Hordeum vulgareL. ‘Kombyne’), and double cropping potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL. ‘White Rose’) treated with EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) with soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams’] treated with alachlor [2-chloro - 2′, 6’ - diethyl -N- (methoxymethyl)acetanilide] for 2 yr preceding cotton, reduced populations of tubers 98 to 99% within 3 yr. A similar reduction of tubers (97%) was obtained by double cropping potatoes with milo [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench. ‘NK- 265′] for 2 yr preceding cotton.

Comparison of Four Cropping Systems for Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Keeley ◽  
R. J. Thullen ◽  
J. H. Miller ◽  
C. H. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Substantial Control

Four cropping systems were evaluated from 1975 to 1977 for the control of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.). Crops grown in 1975 and 1976 included alfalfa (Medicago sativaL. ‘Elcamino WL-600′), barley(Hordeum vulgareL. ‘CM-67′), corn (Zea maysL. ‘Dekalb T214′), and cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Acala SJ-2′). Herbicides used included butylate (S-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate) in corn, EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) in alfalfa, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] in fallow plots, and MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) in cotton. Cotton, which was grown continuously as one of the four cropping systems, was the only crop grown in 1977. Based on weed counts, crop yields, and the consistent decline in the number of tubers, all cropping systems provided substantial control of yellow nutsedge each year. Two years of either alfalfa treated with EPTC or double cropping barley with corn treated with butylate preceeding cotton reduced the number of viable yellow nutsedge tubers by 96%. Two years of chemically fallowing plots with glyphosate following barley and preceeding cotton was 98% effective in reducing viable tubers. Treating continuous cotton with MSMA, although somewhat inferior to the above systems, reduced the number of viable nutsedge tubers by 91% in 3 yr.

Systems of Weed Control for Soybeans in the Coastal Plain

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis W. Hauser ◽  
M. D. Jellum ◽  
Clyde C. Dowler ◽  
W. H. Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Common

Systems of weed control composed of (a) intensive cultivation only, (b) herbicides only, or (c) herbicides plus cultivation controlled weeds in soybeans(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) with acceptable crop tolerance. On Ocilla sandy loam, systems withS-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate (vernolate) as a preplanting treatment and 3[p-(p-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea (chloroxuron) as an early postemergence treatment, followed by either sweep cultivations or directed postemergence applications of other herbicides, controlled yellow nutsedge(Cyperus esculentusL.) satisfactorily and controlled 99 to 100% of the common cocklebur(Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr.) and Florida beggarweed [Desmodium tortuosum(Sw.) DC.]. As directed postemergence treatment, 2-seobutyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) controlled common cocklebur and Florida beggarweed about as well as 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron). However, for the broad spectrum of weeds encountered on the Greenville soil, linuron was superior to dinoseb, especially on Texas panicum(Panicum texanumBuckl.). Systems containing only cultivation controlled 84 to 98% of the common cocklebur and 78 to 99% of the Florida beggarweed. On Greenville sandy clay loam, several systems of weed control significantly reduced the stand but not the yield of soybeans. Vernolate reduced stands when used as a preplanting incorporated treatment but not when injected at planting. No significant yield differences among the weed control systems were apparent in the 3-year averages. Costs of weed control ranged from $20 to $30/ha for cultivation only, from $55 to $73/ha for herbicides only, and from $45 to $53/ha for herbicides combined with cultivation. Uncontrolled weeds, primarily common cocklebur and Florida beggarweed, in the weedy check plots reduced the average yield of soybeans 74% on the Ocilla soil during the 3-year period. The different systems of weed control did not affect commercial quality of soybean oil.

Peanut Weed Control With and Without Acetolactate Synthase-inhibiting Herbicides1

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wehtje ◽  
B. Brecke
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Field Identification ◽  
Hydroxyl Acid

Abstract Field studies were conducted in Florida and Alabama during 2001 and 2002 to compare weed control systems for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) that included only the herbicides registered on peanut that do not inhibit aceto hydroxyl acid synthase (AHAS). Three non-AHAS systems were identified that consistently preformed equivalent to imazapic, i.e., an AHAS-inhibiting herbicide that is very effective in peanut. These systems were either S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin, S-metolachlor plus S-dimethenamid, or S-metolachor plus norflurazon applied preemergence (PRE), followed by paraquat plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB applied postemergence. Greenhouse studies established that tank mixtures of S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin and S-metolachor plus norflurazon applied PRE were synergistic with respect to yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) control. This synergism may contribute to the excellent performance of these S-metolachlor-containing tank mixtures in the field. Identification of systems which utilize herbicides with modes of action other than AHAS inhibition could offer rotational alternatives to delay the emergence of AHAS-resistant weed biotypes, or alternatives should such biotypes become problematic.

Population dynamics of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) in cropping systems in the southeastern coastal plain

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Carroll Johnson ◽  
B. G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Southeastern Coastal Plain ◽  
Annual Weeds

Studies were conducted from 1990 through 1994 near Tifton, GA, on the population dynamics of yellow nutsedge and certain annual weeds in peanut—corn and peanut—cotton rotations. Converse rotation sequences were included to eliminate year effects. Continuous fallow plots (noncrop) were included for comparison. Within each crop, including fallow, were 3 levels of weed management: low, moderate, and intensive. Weed densities and numbers of yellow nutsedge tubers were not affected by crop rotations, but they were affected by individual crops and weed management systems in each crop. Fallow plots, including those with intensive fallow weed management using tillage and nonselective herbicides, consistently contained more yellow nutsedge plants and tubers than other plots. Moderate and intensive weed control systems in peanut and cotton reduced yellow nutsedge densities and tubers, but only peanut yields were increased by intensive weed management. Weed management systems did not affect yellow nutsedge densities in corn, although yields were increased by moderate and intensive systems due to improved control of other weeds. Our results suggest that uninterrupted plantings of peanut, corn, or cotton with moderate levels of weed management are generally sufficient to suppress yellow nutsedge and allow for optimum crop yield. If fields are fallow, yellow nutsedge population densities and tubers will increase exponentially, even with intensive fallow weed management.

Residual Weed Control with Imazapic, Diclosulam, and Flumioxazin in Southeastern Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Grey ◽  
D. C. Bridges ◽  
E. P. Prostko ◽  
E. F. Eastin ◽  
W. C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Residual Control

Abstract Imazapic, diclosulam, and flumioxazin have been registered for use in peanut since 1996. These herbicides provide substantial residual control of broadleaf weeds in peanut. A comprehensive review was conducted for these residual herbicides to determine their role in future weed control systems in peanuts. Weed control data for research from over 100 experiments conducted from 1990–2000 by Georgia, Florida, and Auburn Universities and USDA-ARS scientists were compiled. Residual herbicide systems evaluated were imazapic postemergence (POST) at 71 g ai/ha, flumioxazin preemergence (PRE) at 70, 87, and 104 g ai/ha, diclosulam preplant incorporated (PPI) and PRE at 18 and 26 g ai/ha, and paraquat plus bentazon early POST (EPOST). Other treatments included the residual herbicides used in combination with paraquat plus bentazon EPOST, for a total of 17 treatments. Regionally important weeds were selected and included: sicklepod, Florida beggarweed, purple and yellow nut-sedge, Ipomoea morningglory species, and smallflower morningglory. Sicklepod control with imazapic alone was 86% (50 tests), 73% (25 tests) with paraquat plus bentazon, and 63% or less with diclosulam and flumioxazin regardless of rate. Florida beggarweed control was 90% (29 tests) with flumioxazin (104 g/ha PRE); 78% (50 tests) with diclosulam 26 g/ha PPI; 72% (72 tests) with imazapic; and 70% (40 tests) with paraquat plus bentazon. Purple and yellow nutsedge control was 90% with imazapic. Yellow nutsedge control was 78% (18 tests) with diclosulam (26 g/ha PRE) and less than 69% with flumioxazin and paraquat plus bentazon. Paraquat plus bentazon increased weed control over residual herbicides alone.

Influence of Weed Control Programs in Intensive Cropping Systems

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Glaze ◽  
C. C. Dowler ◽  
A. W. Johnson ◽  
D. R. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Intensive Cropping ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Six multiple-cropping systems composed of: a) turnip (Brassica campestrisspp.rapifera), corn (Zea maysL.), and snapbean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.); b) turnip, peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.), and snapbean; c) turnip, corn, and turnip; d) turnip, peanut, and turnip; e) snapbean, soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], and cabbage (Brassica oleraceaL.); and f) turnip, cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.), cowpea [Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.], and turnip were subjected to nematicide and weed control programs of cultivation or herbicides. Herbicide programs were superior to cultivation in control of weeds. Weeds remaining in the row following cultivation competed severely with crops. Weed species remaining were altered depending on the method of control and crop. Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL. ♯3CYPES) increased rapidly in all herbicide programs but not in cultivated plots. Pigweeds (Amaranthusspp.) were controlled by herbicides but increased in cultivated plots. Corn, peanut, soybean, and spring snapbean yields were higher in herbicide treatments than in cultivated treatments. Cucumber was the only crop that had increased yields for both main effects, herbicide and nematicide. Turnip was consistently injured in herbicide treatments, which was believed to be caused by residues from previous crops interacting with pathogens and possible allelopathic effects of decaying organic matter.

scholarly journals Weed Control with Landscape Fabrics

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Derr ◽  
Bonnie Lee Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract Six polypropylene landscape fabrics were compared with black plastic and preemergence herbicides for weed control. Large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] shoots and roots and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) shoots penetrated all of the fabrics tested and developed into large plants. In greenhouse studies, black plastic plus mulch, and pennant (metolachlor) [2-chloro-N-(2ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] at 4.5 kg ai/ha (4.0 lb/A) plus mulch provided equal, or greater control of large crabgrass than the landscape fabrics. In the field study, more time was required to hand-weed landscape fabrics covered with mulch than uncovered fabrics. When covered with mulch, hand-weeding time and weed shoot fresh weights were similar for black plastic, surflan (oryzalin) [4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide] at 2.2 kg/ha (2.0 lb/A), and the landscape fabrics.

Paraquat for Weed Control Prior to Establishing Legumes

Weed Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Linscott ◽  
A. A. Akhavein ◽  
R. D. Hagin
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Weed Growth

Land was prepared conventionally in early spring for the planting of small seeded legumes. Planting was delayed to allow emergence of weeds. We applied 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium salts (paraquat) and planted legumes immediately afterwards. Stage of weed growth, time of herbicide application, rate of chemical applied, and the methods of seeding were variables imposed. Paraquat (plus surfactant) applied at 1.1 and 2.2 kg/ha to emerged weeds prior to the seeding of legumes controlled quackgrass [Agropyron repens(L.) Beauv.] sufficiently to allow excellent establishment of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.). A paraquat application delayed until yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.) was at least 10 cm in height, followed by a disking, controlled the sedge sufficiently to allow legume establishment. For annual weed control, 0.3% kg/ha of paraquat was sufficient. Drilling as a method of seeding gave better legume stands than did surface-seeding techniques.

Comparison of Imazethapyr and Paraquat-Based Weed Control Systems in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
Glenn R. Wehtje ◽  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Krishna P. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge

Field studies were conducted from 1991 through 1993 to compare Weed control, peanut tolerance, yield, and net return from imazethapyr applied alone or in combination with paraquat. Sicklepod and Florida beggarweed were controlled with paraquat early POST followed by a POST application of either paraquat with 2,4-DB or paraquat with 2,4-DB and bentazon. Imazethapyr-based early POST treatments offered no improvement. An early POST application of paraquat with bentazon or imazethapyr was required for maximum control of bristly starbur. Imazethapyr applied alone early POST, with no further treatment, provided optimum yellow nutsedge control. Maximum yield and net return were associated with any paraquat-containing early POST-applied treatment followed by one of the tank mixed POST options.

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control, Regrowth, and Tuber Production as Affected by Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Tuber Production

Nine soil-applied herbicides were evaluated in the field in cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) and soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] and in the greenhouse without crops to determine their effects on the control, regrowth, and tuber production of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.). Fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4(1H)-pyridinone} and norflurazon [4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone] provided the best (100%) control in the greenhouse. Tubers exposed to herbicide-treated soil in the greenhouse for 4 or 8 weeks produced fewer new tubers when transplanted into nontreated soil than nontreated tubers did. Yellow nutsedge shoot and tuber populations in the field were significantly reduced by all herbicides, except for alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], after 2 yr of treatment in cotton and soybeans.

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