scholarly journals Weed Control with Landscape Fabrics

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey F. Derr ◽  
Bonnie Lee Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract Six polypropylene landscape fabrics were compared with black plastic and preemergence herbicides for weed control. Large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] shoots and roots and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) shoots penetrated all of the fabrics tested and developed into large plants. In greenhouse studies, black plastic plus mulch, and pennant (metolachlor) [2-chloro-N-(2ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] at 4.5 kg ai/ha (4.0 lb/A) plus mulch provided equal, or greater control of large crabgrass than the landscape fabrics. In the field study, more time was required to hand-weed landscape fabrics covered with mulch than uncovered fabrics. When covered with mulch, hand-weeding time and weed shoot fresh weights were similar for black plastic, surflan (oryzalin) [4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide] at 2.2 kg/ha (2.0 lb/A), and the landscape fabrics.

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Response to Soil- and Foliar-Applied Mesotrione

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. McCurdy ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Greg K. Breeden
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Mesotrione, a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, is being evaluated for use in turfgrass systems. It was hypothesized that root absorption of soil-applied mesotrione is necessary for effective weed control. Greenhouse studies were conducted to compare the effects of foliar-, soil-, and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.14 and 0.28 kg ai/ha on yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass. In general, greatest control of yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass was by treatments that included soil application. In addition, mesotrione applied at 0.28 kg/ha generally controlled both yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass more effectively than mesotrione applied at 0.14 kg/ha. Soil- and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.28 kg/ha controlled yellow nutsedge more than foliar-applied mesotrione 56 d after treatment. Soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at 0.28 kg/ha controlled large crabgrass more than any other treatment 28 d after treatment. Soil- and soil-plus-foliar–applied mesotrione at both rates reduced large crabgrass foliar dry weight more effectively than did foliar-applied mesotrione. Results indicate that root absorption of mesotrione from soil is beneficial for the effective control of both yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass. For this reason, methods such as granular or high-volume applications, which enhance delivery of mesotrione to soil, would be potentially beneficial for turfgrass weed control.

scholarly journals Performance of Different Herbicides in Dry-Seeded Rice in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharif Ahmed ◽  
Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

A field study was conducted in the boro season of 2011-12 and aman season of 2012 at Jessore, Bangladesh, to evaluate the performance of sequential applications of preemergence herbicides (oxadiargyl 80 g ai ha−1, pendimethalin 850 g ai ha−1, acetachlor + bensulfuranmethyl 240 g ai ha−1, and pyrazosulfuron 15 g ai ha−1) followed by a postemergence herbicide (ethoxysulfuron 18 g ai ha−1) in dry-seeded rice. All evaluated herbicides reduced weed density and biomass by a significant amount. Among herbicides, pendimethalin, oxadiargyl, and acetachlor + bensulfuranmethyl performed very well against grasses; pyrazosulfuron, on the other hand, was not effective. The best herbicide for broadleaf weed control was oxadiargyl (65–85% control); pendimethalin and acetachlor + bensulfuraonmethyl were not effective for this purpose. The best combination for weed control was oxadiargyl followed by ethoxysulfuron in the boro season and oxadiargyl followed by a one-time hand weeding in the aman season. Compared with the partial weedy plots (hand weeded once), oxadiargyl followed by ethoxysulfuron (4.13 t ha−1) provided a 62% higher yield in the boro season while oxadiargyl followed by a one-time hand weeding (4.08 t ha−1) provided a 37% higher yield in the aman season.

scholarly journals Effects of Three Fertilization Methods on Weed Growth and Herbicide Performance in Soilless Nursery Substrates1

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Cody J. Stewart ◽  
S. Christopher Marble ◽  
Brian E. Jackson ◽  
Brian J. Pearson ◽  
P. Christopher Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Fertilizer Placement ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Abstract Research objectives were to determine the effect of fertilization method (incorporation, subdress, and topdress) on weed growth and the performance of preemergence herbicides applied to soilless substrates. Nursery containers were filled with a pine bark:peat substrate and fertilized at two different rates [4.4 and 9.5 kg.m−3 (8.9 and 19.2 lb.yd−3)] via topdressing, subdressing, or incorporating. Containers were treated with either dimethenamid-P for spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata L.), flumioxazin for eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.) or prodiamine for large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.). A control was established for each fertilizer rate/placement and weed species that was not treated. Incorporating or subdressing fertilizer resulted in reduced large crabgrass and spotted spurge growth in non-treated containers. Weeds grew larger at the higher fertility rates in both topdress and incorporated treatments but fertilizer rate did not affect growth of spotted spurge or large crabgrass when fertilizers were subdressed. Herbicides generally provided commercially acceptable weed control regardless of fertilizer treatment, but results varied with species. Results suggest that in the absence of herbicides, topdressing may result in greater weed growth compared with subdressing or incorporating fertilizers; however, fertilizer placement will have less impact on herbicide performance if proper herbicides are chosen and applied correctly. Index words: topdress, subdress, incorporate, large crabgrass, eclipta, spotted spurge, preemergence Chemicals used in this study: Flumioxazin (SureGuard®); 2-[7-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-4-(2-propynyl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole1,3(2H)-dione; Dimethenamid-P (Tower) 2-chloro-N-[(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide; Prodiamine (Barricade) 2,4-dinitro-N3, N3-dipropyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-benzenediamine (Barricade®) Species used in this study: Large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.); Eclipta (Eclipta prostrata L.); Spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata L.)

Dates of Herbicide Application for Summer Weed Control in Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Six herbicides were applied monthly from February to May for control of large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] and goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.]. Bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide] applied in February or March controlled at least 70% of large crabgrass, whereas, treatments applied in April resulted in similar control at two of three locations. All herbicides failed to control large crabgrass when applied in May. Oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] and butralin [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-(1-methylpropyl)-2,6-dinitrobenzenamide] controlled goosegrass for the full season when applied in March or April. Oxadiazon also controlled goosegrass when applied in May.

Comparison of Six Cropping Systems for Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Keeley ◽  
R. J. Thullen ◽  
J. H. Miller ◽  
C. H. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Double Cropping

Six cropping/weed control systems were evaluated from 1978 to 1980 for the control of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.). Supplementing cultivation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL. ‘Acala SJ-2′) with either preplant applications of fluridone {1 - methyl - 3 - phenyl - 5 - [3 - (trifluoromethyl)phenyl] -4(1H-pyridinone} or two hoeings for 2 yr preceding cotton treated with DSMA (disodium methanearsonate) and MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) reduced populations of viable yellow nutsedge tubers 98 to 99% within 3 yr. Dry- or wet - fallowing plus tillage after barley (Hordeum vulgareL. ‘Kombyne’), and double cropping potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL. ‘White Rose’) treated with EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) with soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams’] treated with alachlor [2-chloro - 2′, 6’ - diethyl -N- (methoxymethyl)acetanilide] for 2 yr preceding cotton, reduced populations of tubers 98 to 99% within 3 yr. A similar reduction of tubers (97%) was obtained by double cropping potatoes with milo [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench. ‘NK- 265′] for 2 yr preceding cotton.

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Competition and Control in Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Stoller ◽  
L. M. Wax ◽  
F. W. Slife
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
And Control

Competition of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.) with corn (Zea maysL.) was evaluated in the field at various yellow nutsedge densities over a 3-yr period. A relationship between yellow nutsedge density (shoots/m2) and percentage yield reduction revealed an 8% yield reduction for every 100 shoots/m2. Two 3-yr studies were conducted to determine the most effective combination of preplant-incorporated, postemergence, or postemergence-directed treatments for yellow nutsedge control in corn. The preplant incorporated treatments were alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), or nothing; postemergence treatments were bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4) 3H-one 2,2-dioxide], two cultivations, or nothing; and the postemergence-directed treatments were ametryn [2-(ethylamino)-4-(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine] or nothing. One preplant-incorporated treatment of EPTC or alachlor prevented yield reductions from yellow nutsedge competition. When no control was practiced, yields were reduced 17% in a moderate yellow nutsedge infestation (initially infested with 300 tubers/m2) and 41% in a heavy infestation (initially infested with 1200 tubers/m2). Yields were reduced 7 to 8% in the moderate infestation when no preplant-incorporated treatments were used regardless of whether postemergence or postemergence-directed treatments were also used. After 1 yr, all control measures resulted in less tuber density than no control measures, but all control treatments had essentially similar tuber densities. After the second year, several herbicide treatments were as effective as hand weeding in reducing tuber density. At least 2 yr of effective control treatments were required to reduce tubers to 20% of the original density, and 3 yr of treatment to reduce the density to 15% of the original density. No combination of treatments, including hand weeding, eliminated tubers after 3 yr.

Weed Control Using an Enclosed Thermal Heating Apparatus

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared A. Hoyle ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
J. Jack Rose
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Virginia Buttonweed ◽  
Turfgrass Establishment ◽  
Fall Application ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Weed control by heat or flaming typically uses flames to burn small weeds, directed away from desired crops. This research studied an enclosed flaming system for weed control before turfgrass establishment. Field research trials were conducted to explore the efficacy of a PL-8750 flame sanitizer at two application timings. Treatments included various application methods of PL-8750 flame sanitizer and common thermal and chemical weed control methods. Data were weed control relative to the control treatment. Species evaluated included carpetweed, Virginia buttonweed, spotted spurge, large crabgrass, goosegrass, old world diamond-flower, cocks-comb kyllinga, and yellow nutsedge. Turfgrass establishment was not successful in summer but was successful in fall. Fall-application timing trials resulted in > 60% tall fescue establishment at 6 wk after seeding (WAS) for all treatments. Summer-application timing trials resulted in unacceptable turfgrass establishment (≤ 18%) for all evaluated turfgrass species at 6 WAS. Broadleaf and grassy weeds were better controlled compared with sedge weeds. Overall, solarization; covered, emerged-weed flaming; and double applications of covered, emerged-weed flaming were the most successful treatments. Solarization controlled carpetweed, Virginia buttonweed, spotted spurge, large crabgrass, and goosegrass > 80% at 6 WAS. Weed control across thermal treatments were equal to or greater than the comparison chemical treatment (dazomet at 389 kg ha−1). Results indicate thermal weed control has potential for reducing weed populations before turfgrass establishment.

Integration of a Brassicaceae Cover Crop with Herbicides in Plasticulture Tomato

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev K. Bangarwa ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Edward E. Gbur
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Weeds are a major constraint in tomato production, especially in the absence of methyl bromide. Field trials were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the integrated use of a mustard ‘Caliente’ (a blend of brown and white mustard) cover crop with one-half and full rate PRE/POST herbicides for weed control and crop response in polyethylene-mulched tomato. Caliente was flail mowed and incorporated into the soil prior to forming beds. PRE herbicides were applied under polyethylene mulch, and POST herbicides were sprayed over the top of tomato. Full rates for S-metolachlor, halosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron were 1,600, 27, and 7.9 g ai/ha, respectively. Caliente had no effect on weed control or tomato injury and yield. Except for large crabgrass control and tomato injury and yield, only the main effect of herbicide selection and application rate affected these parameters. Tomato injury was minimal (< 6%) from PRE- and POST-applied herbicides. S-metolachlor applied PRE provided 66% purple nutsedge, 67% yellow nutsedge, and 77% Palmer amaranth control at 4 wk after transplanting (WATP). S-metolachlor–treated plots at the full rate produced the highest marketable fruit yield among herbicide treatments, with jumbo fruit yield equivalent to the hand-weeded treatment. Trifloxysulfuron was the best POST-applied herbicide based on marketable yield and weed control. POST-applied trifloxysulfuron provided 41% purple nutsedge, 58% yellow nutsedge, and 55% Palmer amaranth control at 8 to 9 WATP. Halosulfuron applied PRE controlled purple and yellow nutsedge 70 and 78%, respectively, at 4 WATP, and POST-applied halosulfuron controlled purple nutsedge 74% and yellow nutsedge 78% at 8 to 9 WATP. Halosulfuron applied either PRE or POST failed to control Palmer amaranth and large crabgrass. Greater weed control and marketable tomato yield were achieved with full rates of herbicides. This research demonstrates no additional advantage of Caliente mustard when used with herbicides in tomato. None of the PRE or POST herbicides applied alone were sufficient to maintain season-long, broad-spectrum weed control and optimum marketable yield in tomato. Therefore, integration of PRE and POST herbicides at full rates is suggested.

Weed Management in Peanut with Herbicide Combinations Containing Imazapic and Other Pesticides

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Sarah H. Lancaster ◽  
James E. Lanier ◽  
Bridget R. Lassiter ◽  
P. Dewayne Johnson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Final Experiment ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Research was conducted in North Carolina to compare weed control by various rates of imazapic POST alone or following diclosulam PRE. In a second experiment, weed control by imazapic applied POST alone or with acifluoren, diclosulam, or 2,4-DB was compared. In a final experiment, yellow nutsedge control by imazapic alone and with the fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole was compared. Large crabgrass was controlled more effectively by imazapic POST than diclosulam PRE. Common lambsquarters, common ragweed, and eclipta were controlled more effectively by diclosulam PRE than imazapic POST. Nodding spurge was controlled similarly by both herbicides. Few differences in control were noted when comparing imazapic rates after diclosulam PRE. Applying either diclosulam PRE or imazapic POST alone or in combination increased peanut yield over nontreated peanut in five of six experiments. Few differences in pod yield were noted when comparing imazapic rates. Acifluorfen, diclosulam, and 2,4-DB did not affect entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, nodding spurge, pitted morningglory, and yellow nutsedge control by imazapic. Eclipta control by coapplication of imazapic and diclosulam exceeded control by imazapic alone. The fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole did not affect yellow nutsedge control by imazapic.

Control of Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) in Summer Squash with Halosulfuron

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. Trader ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field experiments were conducted in 1999, 2000, and 2001 to investigate PRE and POST applications of halosulfuron-methyl in combination with clomazone plus ethalfluralin for control of sedge and smooth pigweed in summer squash. Halosulfuron was applied PRE or POST to summer squash at 9, 18, or 27 g ai/ha in combination with a PRE application of clomazone at 175 g ai/ha plus ethalfluralin at 630 g ai/ha. Smooth pigweed control by addition of halosulfuron at 18 and 27 g/ha in combination with clomazone plus ethalfluralin PRE was greater than 89% independent of application method. Yellow nutsedge control was greater than 83% with POST applications of halosulfuron at 18 and 27 g/ha in combination with clomazone plus ethalfluralin PRE. Yellow nutsedge control was greater than 60% from all POST halosulfuron applications at 9, 18, or 27 g/ha in the greenhouse. In a separate field study without ethalfluralin PRE, rice flatsedge control was more than 85% from halosulfuron applied POST at 18 and 27 g/ha. Yellow summer squash and zucchini squash were injured as much as 52 and 47%, respectively, from inclusion of halosulfuron PRE or POST at 27 g/ha in treatments. Summer squash yields were generally not affected by halosulfuron rate, and were comparable to or higher than summer squash treated by only the mixture of clomazone plus ethalfluralin. In these studies, summer squash were injured by halosulfuron applied at 9 to 27 g/ha PRE or POST, yet rapidly recovered, making this herbicide acceptable for use in combination with clomazone and ethalfluralin for controlling several common weed species.

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