Control of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) and Common Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) in Soybeans (Glycine max) with Sequential Applications of Mefluidide and Acifluorfen

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Glenn ◽  
Barbara J. Hook ◽  
Robert S. Peregoy ◽  
Thomas Wiepke
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid

Single and sequential applications of mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide} and acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} were evaluated in the field for velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. ♯ ABUTH) and common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr. ♯ XANPE) control in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams’]. Acifluorfen was applied at 0.4 or 0.6 kg ai/ha alone or 3, 5, or 7 days following application of 0.1 or 0.3 kg ai/ha mefluidide. Acifluorfen applied alone provided acceptable control of velvetleaf and common cocklebur in the two- and three-leaf stage of growth, but acifluorfen was not as effective when applied to weeds with five to eight true leaves. Sequential applications of mefluidide and acifluorfen often increased velvetleaf and common cocklebur control, compared to either herbicide applied alone.

Penetration, Translocation, and Metabolism of Acifluorfen Following Pretreatment with Mefluidide

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Hook ◽  
Scott Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Physiological Processes

The penetration, translocation, and metabolism of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} in ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. ♯3IPOHE], velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic. ♯ ABUTH), common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr. ♯ XANPE), and soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] were studied. An application to plants of 0.3 kg ai/ha mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide} 0, 3, 5, or 7 days prior to treatment with14C-acifluorfen often altered one or more of the physiological processes under study. Pretreatment of ivyleaf morningglory with mefluidide 3, 5, or 7 days prior to application of14C-acifluorfen increased penetration of14C and decreased metabolism of acifluorfen, while translocation was unaffected. All mefluidide treatments increased penetration of14C-acifluorfen into velvetleaf, while the 3-, 5-, and 7-day pretreatments decreased acifluorfen metabolism. Penetration of acifluorfen into common cocklebur was unaffected by pretreatment with mefluidide. However, the 7-day mefluidide pretreatment of common cocklebur increased translocation of14C into the upper leaves and decreased acifluorfen metabolism. Penetration and translocation of the radiolabel from14C-acifluorfen in soybean was unaffected by pretreatment with mefluidide. Metabolism of acifluorfen by soybean was decreased by the 0-day mefluidide treatment but was unaffected by the 3-, 5-, or 7-day mefluidide pretreatment.

Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Management in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sherman ◽  
Lafayette Thompson ◽  
Robert E. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
On Farm

Greenhouse and on-farm tests were conducted in North Carolina in 1979 and 1980 to evaluate sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. # CASOB) management in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. All postemergence herbicide applications gave better sicklepod control when applied following vernolate [S-dipropylthiocarbamate) preplant incorporated than when applied following alachlor [2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] preemergence. This resulted from decreased fatty alcohols and hydrocarbons in the epicuticle of vernolate-treated sicklepod. When applied sequentially to vernolate, toxaphene (chlorinated camphene, 67 to 69% chlorine) plus an oil concentrate and acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} applied postemergence to the first true-leaf stage of sicklepod resulted in 95 and 90% control, respectively. Linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] applied alone or as tank mixes with 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] provided greater than 90% sicklepod control when applied postemergence-directed to soybeans. Metribuzin was more injurious to soybeans than linuron.

Control of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Soybean (Glycine max) with Acifluorfen

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim R. Murphy ◽  
Billy J. Gossett
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Cowpea Plant

Acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} applied 7 days after cowpea [Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.] emergence (unifoliolate leaf stage) gave better control than later applications. Cowpea control was obtained with one acifluorfen application at 7 days after cowpea emergence in 1981, but in 1980 and 1982, applications at 7 and 14 days were necessary for acceptable control (> 80%). Acifluorfen reduced cowpea plant dry weights relative to the weedy control. A single application 7 days after emergence reduced cowpea plant growth more than one at 21 days after emergence. Of all times of application, the greatest soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] injury occurred when acifluorfen was applied at 7, 14, and 21 days after emergence, but seed yields were not reduced relative to the untreated weed-free control. There was no difference in response among three weedy cowpea cultivars to acifluorfen.

Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Response to Acifluorfen

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Snap Beans

Field studies were conducted for 3 yr to determine the foliar activity of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} for control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium albumL. # CHEAL) in snap beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL. ‘Provider’ in 1983 and 1985 and ‘Green Crop’ in 1984). Control of 1 to 7 cm tall common lambsquarters varied between 75 and 100% with 0.28 kg ai/ha acifluorfen and frequently increased linearly with increases in acifluorfen rates to 0.84 kg/ha. Snap bean injury occurred each year and in 1985 was influenced by acifluorfen rate, stage of snap bean growth, and surfactant. Snap bean yields in 1983 were reduced linearly with increases in acifluorfen rates and in 1985 were reduced more from applications at the 1- to 2-trifoliolate leaf stage than at the 4- to 8-trifoliolate leaf stage. In the greenhouse, reductions in snap bean height from acifluorfen were related to application timing, surfactant and cultivar. Fresh weight reduction of snap beans was highest with the cultivar ‘Green Crop’ but was increased to both cultivars by early application timing and the addition of surfactant to the spray mix.

Differential Absorption and Distribution as a Basis for the Selectivity of Bifenox

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Leather ◽  
C. L. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Greenhouse Soil ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Soil Mix

The uptake and distribution of14C-bifenox [methyl 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoate] was different among corn(Zea maysL.), soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) and velvetleaf(Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) following preemergence application to a greenhouse soil mix. Autoradiographs of seedlings harvested 14 days after treatment, showed the14C to be in (or on) those areas of the crop plant in contact with the treated soil. Velvetleaf translocated14C residue throughout the shoot. Absorption of14C-compound(s) from treated nutrient solution accumulated in the roots of the three species but to a greater extent in soybean. There was no difference in the concentration of14C in the shoots. However, in corn and soybean the14C-compound(s) was confined to the primary and secondary leaf veins while velvetleaf showed a general distribution throughout the leaf tissue. Velvetleaf absorbed and translocated bifenox from shoot zones to a greater extent than the crop plants. Some acropetal movement was noted following leaf application to corn and velvetleaf but movement was only 3% of applied14C from the treated leaf. No movement was detected in soybean.

Combination Effects of Acifluorfen with Crop Oil Concentrates and Postemergence Grass Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Zheng Chen ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Combination Effects ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Potential Interactions

Greenhouse studies were initiated to identify potential interactions of the postemergence herbicide acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} with the postemergence grass herbicides sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino) butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio) propyl)-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one}, diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid}, and RO-13-8895 [acetone 0-(D-(2-(p-[(α,α,α-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy) phenoxy)propionyl)oxime}. Greatest control of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. # ECHCG] was obtained with the combination of acifluorfen and sethoxydim plus a crop oil concentrate. This combination increased foliar absorption of14C-acifluorfen by barnyardgrass but not by soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Corsoy’]. The combination of acifluorfen with diclofop appeared to reduce phytotoxicity to barnyardgrass and increase it to soybean. Little or no interaction was observed in combinations of acifluorfen and RO-13-8895.

Control of Woolly Croton (Croton capitatus) in Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Driver ◽  
Lawrence R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Field studies were conducted in 1981 to 1983 to evaluate selected herbicides for control of a natural infestation of woolly croton (Croton capitatusMichx. ♯ CVNCP) in soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Ineffective woolly croton control was obtained with all preemergence herbicides evaluated. Early postemergence treatments of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} and lactofen {1-(carboethoxy)ethyl) 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate} provided excellent woolly croton control. Postdirected applications of oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] applied at the V4 stage of soybean growth and tank mixes of cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile}, linuron [N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea], or metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] plus 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] applied at the V4 and repeated at the V6 stage of soybean growth also provided effective control.

scholarly journals Control of the recentlyintroduced weed butterprint (Abutilon theophrasti) in maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. James ◽  
J.M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Very High

Butterprint (velvetleaf in many countries) is one of the worst broadleaf weeds in maize (Zea mays) and soya bean (Glycine max) crops in USA It has been accidently introduced into New Zealand on several occasions Recently it has been found in three maize fields in Waikato and has become well established at one 20 ha site Twelve different postemergence herbicides were evaluated for control of butterprint in glasshouse pot trials and in a field trial In the glasshouse bromoxynil dicamba mesotrione aminopyralid and topramezone all gave 100 control In the field trial dicamba showed the most activity but overall efficacy was less than in the glasshouse Dicamba controlled most of the plants that were present at spraying but germination over the next month resulted in a final population of 88 of the original This population of butterprint also shows a very high tolerance to atrazine when treated postemergence

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