Control of Woolly Croton (Croton capitatus) in Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Driver ◽  
Lawrence R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Field studies were conducted in 1981 to 1983 to evaluate selected herbicides for control of a natural infestation of woolly croton (Croton capitatusMichx. ♯ CVNCP) in soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Ineffective woolly croton control was obtained with all preemergence herbicides evaluated. Early postemergence treatments of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} and lactofen {1-(carboethoxy)ethyl) 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate} provided excellent woolly croton control. Postdirected applications of oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] applied at the V4 stage of soybean growth and tank mixes of cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl] amino]-2-methylpropanenitrile}, linuron [N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea], or metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] plus 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] applied at the V4 and repeated at the V6 stage of soybean growth also provided effective control.

Rice (Oryza sativa) Response and Annual Grass Control with Graminicides

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 738-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Buehring ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert ◽  
Ford L. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
And Control

Field studies were conducted to evaluate rice injury and control of propanil-resistant and -susceptible (natural infestation) barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, and Amazon sprangletop with BAS 625, cyhalofop, and fenoxaprop plus the safener isoxadifen in rice. BAS 625 at 100 g ai/ha applied to two- to three-leaf rice resulted in 19 to 72% injury in three of four experiments. Fenoxaprop plus isoxadifen at 90 + 98 g ai/ha injured rice 11 to 31%, and cyhalofop at 280 g ai/ha consistently resulted in minimal rice injury. The most effective control (84 to 99%) of propanil-resistant and propanil-susceptible barnyardgrass across all experiments was achieved with sequential applications of the BAS 625 at 75 and 100 g ai/ha, cyhalofop at 210 and 280 g ai/ha, and fenoxaprop plus isoxadifen at 68 + 74 and 90 + 98 g ai/ha. When the graminicides were applied to four- to six-leaf rice (one tiller), propanil-resistant and propanil-susceptible barnyardgrass control was generally very poor. Fenoxaprop plus isoxadifen controlled broadleaf signalgrass 91 to 100%, even when applied once to four- to six-leaf rice. BAS 625 at 75 and 100 g ai/ha and cyhalofop at 210 and 280 g ai/ha applied sequentially provided consistent broadleaf signalgrass control (≥98%). Amazon sprangletop control was good (85 to 99%) with fenoxaprop plus isoxadifen at 45 + 49, 68 + 74, and 90 + 98 g ai/ha (applied in a single application or sequentially), BAS 625 at 100 g ai/ha applied to two- to three-leaf and four- to six-leaf rice or 50, 75, and 100 g ai/ha applied sequentially, and cyhalofop at 140, 210, and 280 g ai/ha applied to two- to three-leaf rice or sequentially.

Mefluidide as an Enhancing Agent for Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides in Soybeans (Glycine max)

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Blumhorst ◽  
George Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Petroleum Oil

In field studies, mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide} was most effective as an enhancing agent for bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] and/or acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} when applied as a tank mixture compared to sequential applications. The influence of mefluidide rate on weed control was not consistent. Additives improved the control of several weed species evaluated, but mefluidide generally was only equal to petroleum oil concentrate (phytobland petroleum oil plus emulsifiers in an 83:17 ratio) as an enhancing agent for bentazon and/or acifluorfen.

Preemergence Herbicides plus Postemergence Chloroxuron on Soybeans

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 548-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Parochetti ◽  
R. W. Feeny ◽  
S. R. Colby
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ipomoea Purpurea ◽  
The Third ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted with 3-[p-(p-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea (chloroxuron). Tolerant soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) and susceptible tall morningglory(Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth.) and ivyleaf morningglory(I. hederacea(L.) Jacq.) were studied with both root and foliar chloroxuron applications. Soybean tolerance to chloroxuron was reduced when treatments occurred in the unifoliate stage; greatest soybean tolerance was noted when soybeans were treated in either the cotyledonary or third trifoliage stage. Tall and ivyleaf morningglory were susceptible to chloroxuron until about 21 days of age (five true leaves), after which resistance increased. Root applications of chloroxuron were more phytotoxic than foliar applications for soybeans and both species of morningglory. In a 3-year study in the field, the following sequential herbicide treatments of either α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin), 4-(methylsulfonyl-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin),S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamte (vernolate), or 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron) applied preemergence plus chloroxuron postemergence resulted in higher soybean yields than any single herbicide treatment. Weed control was better with the sequential combinations. All sequential combinations with chloroxuron caused soybean injury. Greatest soybean injury occurred when chloroxuron was applied in the first and second trifoliate stage than in the third trifoliate stage. Vernolate alone caused some injury in certain years.

Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Management in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sherman ◽  
Lafayette Thompson ◽  
Robert E. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
On Farm

Greenhouse and on-farm tests were conducted in North Carolina in 1979 and 1980 to evaluate sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. # CASOB) management in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. All postemergence herbicide applications gave better sicklepod control when applied following vernolate [S-dipropylthiocarbamate) preplant incorporated than when applied following alachlor [2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] preemergence. This resulted from decreased fatty alcohols and hydrocarbons in the epicuticle of vernolate-treated sicklepod. When applied sequentially to vernolate, toxaphene (chlorinated camphene, 67 to 69% chlorine) plus an oil concentrate and acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} applied postemergence to the first true-leaf stage of sicklepod resulted in 95 and 90% control, respectively. Linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] and metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] applied alone or as tank mixes with 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] provided greater than 90% sicklepod control when applied postemergence-directed to soybeans. Metribuzin was more injurious to soybeans than linuron.

Control of Volunteer Glyphosate-Resistant Corn (Zea mays) in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Deen ◽  
Allan Hamill ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Volunteer Corn

Volunteer corn in soybean can reduce yields, interfere with harvest, and cause unacceptable levels of contamination by its presence in the harvested soybean. In Ontario, soybean frequently follow corn in rotation. The use of glyphosate-resistant corn and soybean varieties has increased dramatically in Ontario. Field studies were conducted at two locations in southwestern Ontario to determine whether quizalofop-p-ethyl, clethodim, and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl can be tank mixed with glyphosate to provide effective control of volunteer glyphosate-resistant corn in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Soybean plots were overseeded with glyphosate-resistant corn and treatments consisting of glyphosate applied alone and tank mixed with full and reduced rates of each graminicide with and without a recommended surfactant. Tank mixing the graminicides and adjuvants with glyphosate did not affect glyphosate weed control or crop tolerance. Use of a recommended adjuvant significantly improved the effectiveness of the graminicides, particularly when reduced rates were applied. Quizalofop-p-ethyl was the most effective graminicide for controlling glyphosate-resistant volunteer corn, followed by clethodim and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl.

Yield Response of Weed-Free Soybeans (Glycine max) to Injury from Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kapusta ◽  
Lucinda A. Jackson ◽  
Delores Schutte Mason
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Early Crop ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides

Experiments were conducted over 4 yr to investigate the effects of four postemergence herbicides on soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams 79’] yield under weed-free conditions. Bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide], acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid}, and naptalam/dinoseb {2-[(1-naphthalenylamino)carbonyl] benzoic acid}/[2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitrophenol] alone and in combination with 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid] applied to soybeans at the V3 and V5 soybean growth stages caused early crop injury, but soybeans outgrew most of the injury by 21 days and there was no effect on yield. Bentazon plus 2,4-DB with or without adjuvant did not affect the yield of five soybean cultivars tested.

Germination of Texas Gourd (Cucurbita texana) and Its Control in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Oliver ◽  
Steve A. Harrison ◽  
Marilyn McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Planting Depth ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Cucurbita Texana ◽  
Successful Control

Storage of intact Texas gourd [Cucurbita texana(A.) Gray] pepos for 21 days after harvest increased germination of seeds from pepos collected 15 to 47 days after flowering. Germination increased as day length decreased and as osmotic potential of germination media increased. Temperatures of 20, 25, and 30C resulted in 72, 93, and 99% germination, respectively. No seeds germinated at 10 or 40C. Seedling emergence decreased as planting depth increased, with no emergence from 12.5 cm. Control of Texas gourd in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] was achieved with preemergence applications of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one], metribuzin plus alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide], and oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4 (2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one], with successful control partially dependent on soil and climatological conditions. Postemergence treatments that resulted in adequate control included applications of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid}, oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene], and metribuzin plus 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] applied at an early soybean growth stage and repeated.

Control of Six Morningglory (Ipomoea) Species in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Mathis ◽  
L. R. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Small Flower ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Over The Top

A 4-yr field test was initiated in 1975 to determine susceptibility of a natural infestation of six morningglory species to herbicides which can be applied to the soil and foliage in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. The species studied were pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.), entireleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq. var.integriuscula], ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.], purple moonflower [Ipomoea muricata(L.) Jacq.], palmleaf morningglory [Ipomoea wrightii(Gray)], and small flower morningglory [Jacquemontia tamnifolia(L.) Griseb.]. Control with herbicides applied preplant incorporated and preemergence was dependent on morningglory species and on rainfall to allow plant uptake of the herbicide. Herbicides applied to the soil were not as effective as those applied postemergence. Oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] gave the best and longest lasting preemergence control, averaging 79% control for all species. Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory. At V2 (one trifoliolate) and V5 stages of soybean growth, acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 90 and 92% control of all species, respectively. Most effective were repeated post-directed applications at V5 and V7 stages of soybean growth. Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species.

Influence of Herbicides and Tillage on the Control of Triazine-Resistant Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) in Corn (Zea mays) and Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Ritter ◽  
Thomas C. Harris ◽  
William J. Varano
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Nitrobenzoic Acid ◽  
No Till ◽  
Anisic Acid ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

In field studies, a preemergence application of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide] followed by an early postemergence application of dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) gave good season-long control of smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridusL. ♯ AMACH) in conventional and no-till corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3184’ and ‘Pioneer 3382’). In soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams' and ‘Essex’], best control of smooth pigweed was achieved with an early postemergence application of sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethyoxy-imino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio) propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} plus acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid}. Tillage played a role in the degree of smooth pigweed control. Best control of smooth pigweed in corn was obtained when the ground was moldboard plowed and disced, and least control was obtained when corn was no-till planted in the previous year's corn stalks or in a rye (Secale cerealeL.) cover crop.

Length of residual activity of saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p in soybean (Glycine max)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-733
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Robert T. Miller ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
P Rate ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Annual Weeds

Soltani, N., Robinson, D. E, Miller, R. T. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Length of residual activity of saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p in soybean (Glycine max). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 727–733. A total of six field studies were conducted over a 2-yr period (2009, 2010) at three Ontario locations to determine the length of residual activity of saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p applied preemergence (PRE) for the control of annual weeds in soybean. As the rate of saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p increased from 0 to 980 g a.i. ha−1 the maximum cumulative emergence percentage for common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and common ragweed decreased. Additionally, as the saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p rate increased from 0 to 980 g a.i. ha−1, the cumulative emergence of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and common ragweed slowed down over time. Times to 10% emergence were 1.0, 1.0, 2.1, 3.2, 3.9, 6.6 and >12 wk for common lambsquarters, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.6, 4.3, >12 and >12 wk for redroot pigweed and 0.8, 1.0, 2.2, 2.7, 3, >12 and >12 wk for common ragweed with saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p applied at 0, 30.625, 61.25, 122.5, 245, 490 and 980 g a.i. ha−1, respectively. Based on these results, saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p applied PRE at the labelled use rate of 245 g a.i. ha−1 can provide as much as 3.9, 4.3 and 3wk of effective control of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and common ragweed, respectively in soybean.

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