The Anguish of Angola: On Becoming Independent in the Last Quarter of the Twentieth Century

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
John A. Marcum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Black Africa

As the United States approaches its two-hundredth year of independence, Angola is entering upon its first. Fifteen years after most of Black Africa shed colonial rule, and fourteen after Angolan insurgents shattered the myth of multiracial harmony in Iusophone Africa, a total collapse of Portuguese authority has catapulted Angola to an uncertain nationhood born in chaos and civil war.

The Anguish of Angola: On Becoming Independent in the Last Quarter of the Twentieth Century

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
John A. Marcum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Black Africa

As the United States approaches its two-hundredth year of independence, Angola is entering upon its first. Fifteen years after most of Black Africa shed colonial rule, and fourteen after Angolan insurgents shattered the myth of multiracial harmony in Iusophone Africa, a total collapse of Portuguese authority has catapulted Angola to an uncertain nationhood born in chaos and civil war.

An African Balance Sheet

Worldview ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Ross K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Regional Power

It hardly seems possible that two decades have elapsed since the floodtide of African independence. We have become so accustomed to associating Africa with newness that we are apt to forget that the premier states of independent Africa—Ghana and Sudan—are coming up on their twenty-fifth anniversaries of freedom from colonial rule. The scant score of years has seen some remarkable transformations. Nigeria, whose first decade was blighted by Africa's bloodiest civil war, has emerged not merely as a regional power but a major world actor. Second only to Saudi Arabia as a supplier of oil to the United States, Nigeria is able to exert a degree of influence on this country unequaled among the states of the African continent.

Chick-a-ma-feeno

Jockomo ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 75-108
Author(s):  
Shane Lief ◽  
John McCusker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Black Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Mardi Gras ◽  
Personal Histories

This chapter lays out several different narratives about the origins of Mardi Gras Indians. Some are based on oral histories shared among Mardi Gras Indians themselves, while others are based on various archives and newspaper accounts. The emergence of the Mardi Gras Indian tradition is set against the backdrop of the evolution of Mardi Gras as celebrated during the colonial period and beyond, after Louisiana had become part of the United States. The struggle for African American political power and social equality is another parallel thread for this narrative, especially as Mardi Gras Indian practices overlapped with other masking traditions and institutions in the Black community. The earliest known account of Mardi Gras Indians, identified as such, is analysed and the personal histories of the first known Mardi Gras Indians reveal connections to Black participation in the Civil War and continuing struggles during Reconstruction and through the early twentieth century.

scholarly journals Arts & Literature: A Review of the Poetry Book unBuried-unMarked—The unTold Namibian Story of the Genocide of 1904–1908: Pieces and Pains of the Struggle for Justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Elise Pape
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
German Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Between 1904 and 1908, about eighty per cent of the Herero and fifty per cent of the Nama perished in what is today known as the first genocide of the twentieth century that took place in today’s Namibia under German colonial rule. Over decades, the German government has not officially recognized the genocide as such. Jephta U. Nguherimo is one of the descendants of survivors of this genocide and today lives in the United States. In his poetry book unBuried-unMarked–The unTold Namibian story of the Genocide of 1904-1908: Pieces and Pains of the Struggle for Justice that he has self-published in 2019, J. Nguherimo gives insights into long-lasting impacts of the Herero and Nama genocide, into ways of dealing with painful memories, and into processes of healing in post-genocidal contexts. This art review gives an overview of the book and discusses main features of this artistic piece: the way the poems are linked to pictures, the use of different languages, the presence of nature or the importance of intergenerational bonds. It reflects on the author’s leitmotiv: dialogue, empathy and compassion, and on the impact these could have had or could have on negotiations between Germany and Namibia on the recognition and reparation of the genocide.

Archives of Afro-Affirmation

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Raj Chetty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dominican Literature

Raj Chetty demonstrates that in the period following General Rafael Trujillo's assassination in 1961, literary and cultural journals published works that evidenced engagement with an African diaspora worldview decades before the massive wave of migration from the Dominican Republic to the United States. These works of twentieth-century Dominican literature engage with ideas of Dominican blackness and Dominican negritude against the backdrop of the Dominican Civil War.

Welcoming What Comes: Sovereignty and Revolution in the Colonial Philippines

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente L. Rafael
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Colonial Rule

After more than three hundred years of colonial rule, Filipinos began a revolution against the Spanish empire in August of 1896. By June of 1898, revolutionary forces had managed to overwhelm the Spaniards who were already reeling from the destruction of their navy in the initial days of their war with the United States and had been fatally weakened by the decade-long revolution in Cuba. In the Philippines, a Revolutionary government was formed under the dictatorship of Emilio Aguinaldo. It declared independence, convened a convention to write a constitution and briefly succeeded in forming a Republic led by the wealthiest men of the archipelago by January of 1899. But by February, Filipinos were engulfed in a new war against an emergent U.S. empire that was to last through much of the first decade of the twentieth century, leading to U.S. colonization of the Philippines until 1941.

2. Regulation and exclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-41
Author(s):  
David A. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Border Controls

The period from the end of the Civil War through the early 1920s is characterized by massive immigration, especially after the end of the depression of the 1890s, hostile reaction to large-scale immigration, and increasing centralized control of immigration by the state. The latter two trends were embedded in growing racial and nationality consciousness and the general trend toward the growth of the state and centralized bureaucracy. The results were efforts to tighten and systematize border controls and entrance procedures, exclusions of growing numbers of immigrants from Asia, beginning with most Chinese immigrants in 1882, and quota laws in the 1920s to severely restrict the entrance of southern, eastern, and central Europeans. The vast numbers of immigrants entering the country during this period of American modernization were central to the United States becoming the leading capitalist economy in the twentieth century.

Book Reviews: The Divine Politics of Thomas Hobbes: An Interpretation of Leviathan, Man and Technics: A Contribution to a Philosophy of Life, The Hour of Decision, Power, Law, Right, and Love: A Study in Political Values, Political Ideals, Nomos Vi: Justice, An Atheist's Values, The English Constitution, Our Parliament, What's Wrong with Parliament?, The Office of Speaker, Recruits to Labour: The British Labour Party 1914–1931, Education and Society in Modern France, Le Referendum Du 8 Avril 1962, Action Française: Royalism and Reaction in Twentieth-Century France, Laval: A Biography, Decision-Making in the White House, a Day in the Life of President Kennedy, Party and Representation: Legislative Politics in Pennsylvania, Nominating the President: The Politics of Convention Choice, American Business and Public Policy: The Politics of Foreign Trade, State Government in Transition: Reforms of the Leader Administration, 1955–1959, Major Governments of Asia, Communist Strategies in Asia, a Cross-Polity Survey, British Foreign Policy. The Process of Readjustment, 1945–1961, Soviet Foreign Policy after Stalin, The Mrp and French Foreign Policy, Foreign Policy of Poland, 1919–1939, Austria, Germany and the Anschluss, 1931–1938, Alliance against Hitler. The Origins of the Franco-Soviet Pact, Land and Power. British and Allied Policy on Germany's Frontiers, 1916–1919, Deutschland Und Amerika, 1918–1929. Über Das Deutsche Amerikabild Der Zwanziger Jahre, Spain and the Great Powers, 1936–41, The Policy of Simmering: A Study of British Policy during the Spanish Civil War, 1936–39, Britain Divided: The Effect of the Spanish Civil War on British Political Opinion, Arms and Stability in Europe, Strategic Mobility, Building the Atlantic World, The End of Alliance, Nato and the Defense of the West, The Future of the Atlantic Community, The Debatable Alliance, The Atlantic Alliance: A Short Political Guide, The Atlantic Community: Progress and Prospects, The United States and the Unity of Europe, Community and Contention: Britain and America in the Twentieth Century, Britain and the United States, Canada-United States Treaty Relations, National Leadership and Foreign Policy, United States Aid to Yugoslavia and Poland, The Ideas of American Foreign Policy, America's Failure in China 1941–50, Mao against Khruschev: A Short History of the Sino-Soviet Conflict, Iceland Extends its Fishery Limits, Africa in the United Nations, The Frontiers of International Law, Law, Freedom and Welfare, Law, Morality, and War in the Contemporary World, The United Nations Emergency Force, Peace-Keeping by U.N. Forces, International Conciliation—With Special Reference to the Work of the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, The Ad Hoc Diplomat

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-439
Author(s):  
Dorothy Lemmet ◽  
M. Masterson ◽  
D. J. Bentley ◽  
Brian C. Smith ◽  
Leslie Wolf-Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Civil War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Business ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Atlantic Community
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