THE FOUNDERS OF WESTERN PONTIC CITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Nawotka
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Third Century ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Local Elite ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Transfers

The Greek cities of the western coast of the Black Sea knew both foundation myths and the phenomenon of the second foundation, associated with the rebuilding of civic life after the invasion of Burebista, the king of the Getae and Dacian tribes from 82 bce to 44 bce. In most foundation stories the ktistes is either a god (in the case of the city of Dionysopolis) or a hero (in the cases of the cities of Kallatis, Tomis and Anchialos), and the stories date mostly to the Antonine age. The story of Tomos of Tomis stands out owing to its wide acceptance among the local elite, while that of Melsas of Mesambria may have never gained official acceptance: it was created in the late Hellenistic age, probably reviving a Thracian tale of Melsas, perhaps a hero, known from early-third century bce coins. The Melsas story is a prime example of cultural transfers from the native population to Greek-majority Mesambria in the Hellenistic and early Roman ages.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Analysis of the Mass Tourism Management Model Related to the Impact on the Local Community in Constanta City (Romania)

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Catalin Anton ◽  
Angela-Eliza Micu ◽  
Eugen Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Management Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Traditionally and socially, the tourism in Constanta is considered to be important to the local economy. Sun and beach locations are both a draw for locals and tourists to the city, on the Black Sea. However, vacation-oriented activities in the city only have a seasonal cycle. In this paper, we proposed to analyze the mass tourist activity in Constanta, taking into account economic, social, and environmental conditions. Additionally, we attempted to build a model based on the data available. The model was developed using a PESTEL analysis to determine the supportability factor of the indicators identified. We also set out to create a projection of the activities proposed for analysis by 2050. To create a model for coastal areas, the data used in this research must be accurate and consistent. Furthermore, correctly identifying indicators and their relationships is a critical step in conducting a thorough study. Last but not least, finding the calculation coefficient for the activity in question is critical, as collecting data from various activities might be challenging when trying to find a feasible model.

scholarly journals The Trebizond Operation through the Eyes of Turkish Historians

2021 ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Alfina T. Sibgatullina
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
First World

This year marks the 105th anniversary of the operation conducted during the First World War: during this operation Russian troops, after a series of successful actions on land and at sea, captured the Black Sea port of Trebizond (today Trabzon). The capture of Trebizond helped to improve the basic conditions of the Black Sea Fleet and enabled an unimpeded delivery of reinforcements by sea to the right flank of the Russian army in the Caucasus. As a result, the Russian empire was close to establishing control over a significant part of the Ottoman Turkey’s territory. In the aftermath of the operation, the local Muslim population left Trebizond together with the Turkish army. The Russians, who entered the city without a fight, set for the transforming the city in their own way. Turkish historians, using the material of the Ottoman, Russian, and foreign periodicals, as well as archival documents, have studied in detail the intricacies of the Russians stay in the city, revealing also the damage caused by the war to the cultural and historical heritage of the region. This article provides a brief analysis of selected Turkish studies dedicated to the 100th and 105th anniversary of the Trebizond operation. It also discusses the issue of war refugees and the activities of Russian scientists, who were engaged in the collection of historical monuments in Trebizond during the war.

scholarly journals Update on the Geographic Distribution of Lutra lutra at the Romanian Black Sea Coast

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniyar Memedemin ◽  
Marian Tudor ◽  
Dan Cogălniceanu ◽  
Marius Skolka ◽  
Gabriel Bănică ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Lutra Lutra ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
European Otter ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Near Threatened ◽  
Sea Coast

Abstract We report the occurrence of the European otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) along the entire Romanian Black Sea coast, for the first time. Several sightings were within the harbor and the city of Constanţa, indicating that the otter can accommodate to and tolerate high human impact. The report is based on observations made between 2012 and 2015. The species has been previously reported from all Romanian regions but not from the Black Sea coast. The occurrences reported within this article confirm an extension of the range of this Near Threatened species on the Romanian Black Sea coast, most probably due to the increasing of population size from other sources such as the Danube floodplain.

Investigation of the Transformation of the Plant Ecosystem in the Vicinity of the Tsemesskaya Bay in the Black Sea Based on Remote Sensing Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
I.V. Zen’kov ◽  
Trinh Le Hung ◽  
Yu.P. Yuronen ◽  
P.M. Kondrashov ◽  
A.A. Latyntsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Logistics Center ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The City

A brief description of the industrial and logistics center operating in the city of Novorossiysk on the coast of the Tsemesskaya Bay in the Black Sea is presented. According to remote sensing data, the area of open pit mining of rock dumps dumped during the development of three marl deposits for use at four cement plants was determined. According to the results of satellite imagery and analytical calculations, downward trends in changes in the density of vegetation cover in territories with natural landscapes adjacent to the territory of industrial facilities located on the coast of the Tsemesskaya Bay were revealed.

Andrey Murav’yov’s travel in Abkhazia

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Marina I. Shcherbakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
City Life ◽  
Literary Pilgrimage ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic State ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the little-known travel notes about Abkhazia by Andrey N. Murav’yov, an outstanding Russian spiritual writer, the pioneer of the genre of literary pilgrimage travels, the discoverer of Christian and Orthodox shrines in Russia and abroad for his compatriots and contemporaries. Travel essay “Abkhazia. Pitsunda”, included as a separate chapter in the book “Georgia and Armenia”, was created under the impression of the author’s trip in the spring of 1847 to the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. It presents genre sketches of the city life of Sukhumi, descriptions of the luxurious southern nature, it gives excursions into the history of the region, and it characterises the features of the economic state. The main part of Andrey Murav’yov’s Black Sea memories concerns Pitsunda. As a deep connoisseur of the history of Christianity, Andrey Murav’yov traced its ancient roots in the land of Abkhazia, where the apostles Simon the Canaanean, Andrew the First- Called, St. John Chrysostom. In detailed descriptions of the ancient churches, the writer recorded their condition; despite the artistic form of the story, they have the value of a reliable historical document that helps to reconstruct many of the losses that occurred under the influence of time.

The Founder

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Duane W. Roller
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
New States ◽  
Hellenistic World ◽  
Sea Coast

The Pontic state began with the ambitions of Mithridates I, known as “the Founder,” a refugee from the unforgiving politics of the generation after Alexander the Great. He sought refuge in the rugged country of northern Asia Minor and declared himself king in the early third century BC, establishing what came to be called the kingdom of Pontos, creating its first capital, the fortress city of Amaseia on the Iris River. He also established a foothold on the Black Sea coast at Amastris. By the time of his death in 266 BC, Pontos had begun to emerge as one of the new states of the Hellenistic world.

Ovid and the Inscriptions

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Stephanie Ann Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Written Language ◽  
The State ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City

In the year 8 CE, Ovid was exiled to the Black Sea for “a song and a mistake.” This chapter explores a series of iconic poems from the Tristia in which Ovid imagines the state of exile through a variety of textual media: his own books of poetry sent back to the city and rejected from the public libraries; the lapidary inscriptions of Augustus he imagines them to encounter; and, several times over, his own funerary epitaph, formulated in explicit competition with Augustus’s own monumental list of deeds, the Res gestae. It is an examination of the challenges presented to the poet by exile and how he uses writing itself and written forms, real and imagined, to overcome that distance and disgrace, becoming increasingly aware that it was at the level of written language, and only at that level, that he and the emperor were “on the same page.”

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