scholarly journals 66. Remarks on the energy of the nonthermal radio-frequency emission

1957 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
L. Biermann ◽  
R. Lüst
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Radiative Loss ◽  
Thermal Emissions ◽  
Outer Corona ◽  
Normal Feature ◽  
Frequency Emission

It is proposed to discuss the role of the radio-frequency emission in the whole set of the non-thermal emissions of the sun, which originate in the solar corona and the uppermost regions of the chromosphere. Of these, the radiative emissions give probably an amount of between 104and 105ergs/cm.2sec., to which the radio-frequency region contributes only very little (even during an intense outburst, when the total radiative emission is much larger, not more than 10°–102ergs/cm.2sec.); the contribution of the lower chromosphere, however, is not yet well known. The corpuscular emissions under normal conditions seem to require ≈ 105ergs/cm.2sec. (but again much more in active, e.g. ‘M’, regions), and to constitute a normal feature of the outer solar corona. These emissions, we propose, are maintained by the same supply of mechanical energy which secures the thermal and radiative equilibrium of the inner corona. That is to say, some part of the flux of acoustic energy originating in the hydrogen convection zone and, according to this theory, heating the upper chromosphere and the inner corona, is believed always to reach the outer corona, where the radiative loss is smaller, and this part is then at least comparable with that dissipated in the inner corona.*

Localization of Intracisternal a Particle Antigens in Neoplastic Cells and Preimplantation Mouse Embryos

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
Thomas T.F. Huang ◽  
Patricia G. Calarco
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Intracisternal A Particle ◽  
Normal Feature

The stage specific appearance of a retravirus, termed the Intracisternal A particle (IAP) is a normal feature of early preimplantation development. To date, all feral and laboratory strains of Mus musculus and even Asian species such as Mus cervicolor and Mus pahari express the particles during the 2-8 cell stages. IAP form by budding into the endoplasmic reticulum and appear singly or as groups of donut-shaped particles within the cisternae (fig. 1). IAP are also produced in large numbers in several neoplastic cells such as certain plasmacytomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. The role of IAP, either in normal development or in neoplastic behavior, is unknown.

scholarly journals A Monolithic Approach of Fluid–Structure Interaction by Discrete Mechanics

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Stéphane Vincent ◽  
Jean-Paul Caltagirone
Keyword(s):  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Discrete Equation ◽  
Discrete Mechanics ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Vector Potentials

The unification of the laws of fluid and solid mechanics is achieved on the basis of the concepts of discrete mechanics and the principles of equivalence and relativity, but also the Helmholtz–Hodge decomposition where a vector is written as the sum of divergence-free and curl-free components. The derived equation of motion translates the conservation of acceleration over a segment, that of the intrinsic acceleration of the material medium and the sum of the accelerations applied to it. The scalar and vector potentials of the acceleration, which are the compression and shear energies, give the discrete equation of motion the role of conservation law for total mechanical energy. Velocity and displacement are obtained using an incremental time process from acceleration. After a description of the main stages of the derivation of the equation of motion, unique for the fluid and the solid, the cases of couplings in simple shear and uniaxial compression of two media, fluid and solid, make it possible to show the role of discrete operators and to find the theoretical results. The application of the formulation is then extended to a classical validation case in fluid–structure interaction.

scholarly journals Flammable gases produced by TiO2 nanoparticles under magnetic stirring in water

Friction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Li ◽  
Chongyang Tang ◽  
Xiangheng Xiao ◽  
Yanmin Jia ◽  
Wanping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Quartz Glass ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Magnetic Stirring ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Nanostructured Semiconductors

AbstractThe friction between nanomaterials and Teflon magnetic stirring rods has recently drawn much attention for its role in dye degradation by magnetic stirring in dark. Presently the friction between TiO2 nanoparticles and magnetic stirring rods in water has been deliberately enhanced and explored. As much as 1.00 g TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in 50 mL water in 100 mL quartz glass reactor, which got gas-closed with about 50 mL air and a Teflon magnetic stirring rod in it. The suspension in the reactor was magnetically stirred in dark. Flammable gases of 22.00 ppm CO, 2.45 ppm CH4, and 0.75 ppm H2 were surprisingly observed after 50 h of magnetic stirring. For reference, only 1.78 ppm CO, 2.17 ppm CH4, and 0.33 ppm H2 were obtained after the same time of magnetic stirring without TiO2 nanoparticles. Four magnetic stirring rods were simultaneously employed to further enhance the stirring, and as much as 30.04 ppm CO, 2.61 ppm CH4, and 8.98 ppm H2 were produced after 50 h of magnetic stirring. A mechanism for the catalytic role of TiO2 nanoparticles in producing the flammable gases is established, in which mechanical energy is absorbed through friction by TiO2 nanoparticles and converted into chemical energy for the reduction of CO2 and H2O. This finding clearly demonstrates a great potential for nanostructured semiconductors to utilize mechanical energy through friction for the production of flammable gases.

Tunable optoelectronic properties of radio frequency sputter-deposited Sb2Se3 thin films: Role of growth angle and thickness

Solar Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 716-723
Author(s):  
Alapan Dutta ◽  
Ranveer Singh ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Tapobrata Som
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Optoelectronic Properties ◽  
Growth Angle ◽  
Sputter Deposited

Superconducting Resonators: Decrease of Q-Factor at High Accelerating Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Dzyuba ◽  
Andrey Arzhannikov
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Superconducting Resonators ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Superconducting Radio Frequency ◽  
Processing Steps

Results combining efforts of different groups on investigation of losses in superconducting radio frequency cavities made of niobium are presented. Peculiarities of such losses and of their remedies are considered for dissipation at high accelerating voltages. The main results of RF tests as well as main experiments conducted via physico-chemical research methods on samples are discussed. The role of different type of defects on losses is presented. The candidate mechanisms for dissipation are considered based on exhibited results. As a conclusion the prediction is made on possible alternative processing steps for improvement of cost, time and safety efficiency of current technological procedures

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