scholarly journals From plans to action? Retirement thoughts, intentions and actual retirement: an eight-year follow-up in Finland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Satu Nivalainen
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Retirement Plans ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Step Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Retirement Intentions

Abstract This study applies Feldman and Beehr's three-step model to examine retirement as a decision-making process leading from retirement thoughts to retirement plans and from retirement plans to actual retirement. The results show that retirement thoughts have a clear independent effect on retirement plans as measured by intended retirement age. Furthermore, retirement plans have an isolated effect on retirement patterns. Intended retirement age is the strongest predictor of actual retirement age. Retirement intentions can be thought to represent the effect of unobservable characteristics on retirement, such as preference and motivation. Retirement plans materialise with quite high accuracy. Several key factors are associated with intended and actual retirement age in a similar manner. Unemployment and higher income are connected with earlier planned and actual retirement. Health has a pronounced effect: better health is conducive to later retirement while weaker health (sickness absences) is conducive to earlier retirement. This applies both to retirement intentions and actual retirement and to the difference between the two. The most important way for organisations to extend working lives is to look after the health of older employees. Giving older workers an increased sense of control and lowering job demands helps to prevent premature retirement. Supporting older workers’ continued employment is significant for the retention of older workers, while layoffs targeting older workers shorten working lives.

De relatie tussen employability en de intentie tot langer doorwerken

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn de Graaf ◽  
Maria Peeters ◽  
Beatrice van der Heijden
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Management ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Pension Age ◽  
Job Participation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Intentions

A study on the relationship between employability and the retirement intentions of older workers A study on the relationship between employability and the retirement intentions of older workers Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 24, November 2011, nr. 4, pp. 374-391.Very recently, it has been decided that the retirement age in the Netherlands will increase to 66 in 2020. Therefore, it is more and more important to understand what motivates older employees to work until their pension age (as opposed to quitting the workforce prematurely). In this study, among 151 Dutch employees of 45 years and older, the central aim was to examine the relationships between workers’ employability perceptions and their intention to work until their retirement age. Additionally, we have investigated to what extent ‘the learning value of the job’, ‘participation in training and education’, and ‘career management’ relate to workers’ employability perceptions. Results of Structural Equation Modelling showed that employability is a significant predictor of the intention to work until retirement age. Moreover, our results indicated that ‘learning value of the job’ and ‘participation in training and education in adjacent area’s’ are important antecedents of one’s employability. The main conclusion of this study is that the higher older employees’ perceptions regarding their own employability, the stronger their intention to work until the official pension age will be. Moreover, a solid learning value of the job as well as possibilities for training in adjacent areas will contribute positively to the employability perceptions of older employees.

scholarly journals Swedish Collective Agreements and Employers’ Willingness to Hire and Retain Older Workers in Employment

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carin Ulander-Wänman
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
The Eu

Demographic change is transforming the EU population structure for the coming decades. One challenge that society faces is to preserve social welfare when elderly persons comprise a larger proportion of the total population. Allowing people to work beyond the current retirement age may help slow the growth of the maintenance burden for welfare costs, and creating situations where larger numbers of older employees can work longer and complete more working hours can improve conditions for preserving and developing welfare. However, a prolonged working life presupposes several conditions; one of these is that legal regulation of the labor market must support employers’ willingness to hire and retain older workers in employment. This article explores employers’ attitudes toward regulations in Swedish collective agreements—regulations which are of particular importance if employers are to increase hiring and retention of older workers in employment.

Some Useful Sources

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-694
Author(s):  
Michael McGann ◽  
Dina Bowman ◽  
Simon Biggs ◽  
Helen Kimberley
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Early Exit ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Working Lives

Issues related to population ageing and longer working lives span diverse research areas and are linked to a number of conceptual and policy debates. Here we provide details of texts which allow quick access to key debates in the different domains covered by the contributions. We focus first on social policy, retirement and pensions. We then provide key sources on the changing experiences and perceptions of retirement; age-discrimination, human resource management and older workers; and early exit, mature-age unemployment and activating older workers.

scholarly journals Employees’ Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1658
Author(s):  
Andrea Principi ◽  
Jürgen Bauknecht ◽  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Marco Socci
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
European Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Legal Retirement Age

This paper identifies, within companies’ sectors of activity, predictors of Human Resource (HR) policies to extend working life (EWL) in light of increasing policy efforts at the European level to extend working life. Three types of EWL practices are investigated: the prevention of early retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working until the legal retirement age); delay of retirement (i.e., encouraging employees to continue working beyond the legal retirement age); and, recruitment of employees who are already retired (i.e., unretirement). A sample of 4624 European organizations that was stratified by size and sector is analyzed in six countries. The main drivers for companies’ EWL practices are the implementation of measures for older workers to improve their performance, their working conditions, and to reduce costs. In industry, the qualities and skills of older workers could be more valued than in other sectors, while the adoption of EWL practices might be less affected by external economic and labor market factors in the public sector. Dutch and Italian employers may be less prone than others to extend working lives. These results underline the importance of raising employers’ awareness and increase their actions to extend employees’ working lives by adopting age management initiatives, especially in SMEs, and in the services and public sectors.

scholarly journals WORKING LONGER FOR ACADEMICS IN THE U.S. AND IRELAND: A GENDERED LIFECOURSE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S129-S129
Author(s):  
Aine Ni Leime
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
The Us

Abstract Many governments including the US and Ireland have been advocating longer working lives for all workers to ensure pension sustainability in the light of population ageing. Policy changes encouraging increased social security/state pensions age reflect this. However, there has been limited investigation of how the gender implications of these policy changes. While longer working lives may be attractive for some workers, there is evidence that women and men have profoundly different work-life trajectories and women may be more financially disadvantaged approaching retirement age. There is a need to explore how this affects their ability and/or desire to continue working past traditional retirement age and their financial security. This presentation is based on analysis of evidence from an EU-funded cross-national research project involving work-life history interviews conducted with forty older workers in academia in the US and Ireland in 2016 and 2017. A lifecourse approach is used to analyse interview data from ten male and ten female academics in Ireland and ten male and ten female academics in the US, aged 50 or over. Participants discussed early influences, work-life history and health concerns. The paper uses a cumulative disadvantage perspective to analyse how gender, family and health trajectories across the life course affect and can limit options around late work and retirement. It concludes that gender differences regarding norms of care-giving are important and that extending working life is more likely to be caused by financial necessity for women. The implications for future research and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Planned Retirement Timing in Europe: Are Europeans Adapting to the Policy of Extending Working Lives

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Hess ◽  
Laura Naegele ◽  
Lena Becker ◽  
Jana Mäcken ◽  
Wouter De Tavernier
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Self Reported Health Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Country Specific

As populations are ageing concerns regarding the sustainability of European welfare states have come to the forefront. In reaction, policy makers have implemented measurements aimed at the prolongation of working lives. This study investigates weather older workers have adapted their planned retirement age, as a result of this new policy credo. Based on data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) the analysis shows an increase of the planned retirement age (1.36 years) across all ten European countries investigated, albeit with country-specific variations. Variations on the individual level can be detected in regard to gender, education and self-reported health status.

scholarly journals Work-related factors as predictors in the retirement decision-making process of older workers in the Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNA VAN SOLINGE ◽  
KÈNE HENKENS
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Retirement Decision ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Retirement Policy ◽  
Retirement Intentions

ABSTRACTThis article examines work-related factors and their impact on the retirement decision-making process. We particularly focus on organisational human resources policies and normative climate regarding retirement. Organisations create opportunities and conditions for career extension via their personnel instruments. The normative climate may encourage or discourage retirement. We use a ten-year follow-up study among 1,458 older employees in the Netherlands aged 50–59 at baseline. Results reveal that older workers are sensitive to social approval earned from their co-workers and supervisor. A social climate that supports working up to higher ages is an important requisite for reducing the attractiveness of the early retirement option. Retirement intentions, formed in the years prior to retirement, are shaped by workplace norms and supervisors' attitudes. Results indicate that in order to delay retirement, policy initiatives cannot be reduced to altering financial restrictions surrounding retirement but need to address the forces at the organisational level that channel workers out of employment.

scholarly journals Swedish Collective Agreements and Employers’ Willingness to Hire and Retain Older Workers in Employment

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Carin Ulander-Wänman
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
The Eu

Demographic change is transforming the EU population structure for the coming decades. One challenge that society faces is to preserve social welfare when elderly persons comprise a larger proportion of the total population. Allowing people to work beyond the current retirement age may help slow the growth of the maintenance burden for welfare costs, and creating situations where larger numbers of older employees can work longer and complete more working hours can improve conditions for preserving and developing welfare. However, a prolonged working life presupposes several conditions; one of these is that legal regulation of the labor market must support employers’ willingness to hire and retain older workers in employment. This article explores employers’ attitudes toward regulations in Swedish collective agreements—regulations which are of particular importance if employers are to increase hiring and retention of older workers in employment.

scholarly journals Work-Life Imbalance in Extended Working Lives: Domestic Divisions of Labour and Partners’ Perceptions of Job Pressures of Non-Retiring Older Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-311
Author(s):  
Andreas Cebulla ◽  
Nathan Hudson-Sharp ◽  
Lucy Stokes ◽  
David Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Later Life ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Domestic Labour ◽  
Life Analysis

Abstract Extending working lives prolongs existing patterns of time spent in work or with family into later life. Analysis of European Social Survey data shows a widening in inequitable domestic divisions of labour in households with post-retirement age workers. We explore partners’ perceptions of older workers’ job pressures when close to or beyond retirement age. Partners’ concerns about job pressures are found not to be immediately associated with inequitable divisions of domestic labour but with the extent to which workers can determine the organisation of paid work and, specifically, tiredness after work. The paper argues that note should be taken of these concerns as they may be indicative of risks of intra-domestic stress. Zusammenfassung: Ungleichgewicht zwischen Beruf und Privatleben im verlängerten Arbeitsleben: Arbeitsteilung im Haushalt und Wahrnehmung des Arbeitsdrucks älterer Arbeitnehmer durch deren Partner Die Verlängerung des Arbeitslebens verschiebt auch die bestehende Arbeitszeit- oder das Familienleben zu späteren Zeitpunkten im Leben. Die Analyse der Daten des European Social Survey zeigt, dass sich die ungleiche Arbeitsteilung in Haushalten mit Arbeitnehmern, die über das Renteneintrittsalter hinaus beschäftigt sind, ausweitet. Wir untersuchen, wie Partner den Arbeitsdruck älterer Arbeitnehmer, die kurz vor oder nach Erreichen des typischen Renteneintrittsalter stehen, wahrnehmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Besorgnis der Partner älterer Beschäftigter über die Verantwortung und den Druck nicht unmittelbar mit einer ungleichen Verteilung von Hausarbeit verbunden ist, sondern mit dem Ausmaß, in dem die Arbeitenden ihren Arbeitstag selbst organisieren können und insbesondere auch mit der Müdigkeit nach der Arbeit. In dem Papier wird argumentiert, dass diese Bedenken zur Kenntnis genommen werden sollten, insoweit sie auf ein Risiko von Stress innerhalb der Beziehung hindeuten.

scholarly journals Older workers’ evaluations of the political goal to extend working life: Discursive approach to the “attitude problem”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-254
Author(s):  
Miira Niska ◽  
Pirjo Nikander
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Working Lives

Population ageing presents major challenges to the welfare system across the European Union. Consequently, emphasizing delayed retirement age and extended working lives abound in political discussions. Researchers have recognized numerous problems, which make the extended working life a challenging political task. One of these problems are citizens’ negative attitudes toward delayed retirement and extended working life. In this paper, we approach this “attitude problem” from the perspective of discursive social psychology and analyze the variation in the way aspirations to extend working lives are evaluated by older workers. The data analyzed in the study consists of interviews where participants between 50 and 65 years of age comment on the political goal to extend working lives. The article sheds light on the “attitude problem” by turning the attention from underlying individual preferences to discursive resources used to undermine the political goal and the situational functions these evaluative practices have.

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