scholarly journals HEALTH TECHNOLOGY REASSESSMENT: THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail MacKean ◽  
Tom Noseworthy ◽  
Adam G. Elshaug ◽  
Laura Leggett ◽  
Peter Littlejohns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis ◽  
Health Technology Reassessment

Background:Health technology reassessment (HTR) is “a structured, evidence-based assessment of the clinical, social, ethical, and economic effects of a technology currently used in the healthcare system, to inform optimal use of that technology in comparison to its alternatives.” The purpose of this study is to describe the key themes in the context of current HTR activities and propose a way forward for this newly emerging field.Methods:Data were gathered from a workshop held as part of the 2012 Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) symposium. The workshop consisted of two panel presentations followed by discussion; data gathered, including presentations and rich audience discussion transcripts, were analyzed for key themes emerging in the field of HTR using constant comparative analysis.Results:The language chosen to describe HTR will set the tone for engagement. The identification of champions at multiple levels and political will are essential. Key lessons from international experience are: disinvestment is difficult, focus on clinical areas not specific technologies, identify clear goals of the HTR agenda. Six key themes were identified to move the HTR agenda forward: emphasize integration over segregation, focus on development of HTR methods and processes, processes are context-specific but lessons must be shared, build capacity in synergistic interdisciplinary fields, develop meaningful stakeholder engagement, strengthen postimplementation monitoring and evaluation.Conclusions:To move this field forward, we must continue to build on international experiences with a focus on developing novel methodological approaches to generating, incorporating, and implementing evidence into policy and practice.

HEALTH TECHNOLOGY REASSESSMENT OF NON-DRUG TECHNOLOGIES: CURRENT PRACTICES

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Leggett ◽  
Tom W. Noseworthy ◽  
Mahmood Zarrabi ◽  
Diane Lorenzetti ◽  
Lloyd R. Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Program Budgeting ◽  
Obsolete Technology ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Health Technology Reassessment ◽  
Current Practices

Objectives: Obsolescence is a natural phase of the lifecycle of health technologies. Given increasing cost of health expenditures worldwide, health organizations have little choice but to engage in health technology reassessment (HTR); a structured, evidence-based assessment of the medical, social, ethical, and economic effects of a technology, currently used within the healthcare system, to inform optimal use of that technology in comparison to its alternatives. This research was completed to identify and summarize international HTR initiatives for non-drug technologies.Methods: A systematic review was performed using the terms disinvestment, obsolescence, obsolete technology, ineffective, reassessment, reinvestment, reallocation, program budgeting, and marginal analysis to search PubMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL until November 2011. Websites of organizations listed as members of INAHTA and HTAi were hand-searched for gray literature. Documents were excluded if they were unavailable in English, if the title/abstract was irrelevant to HTR, and/or if the document made no mention of current practices. All citations were screened in duplicate with disagreements resolved by consensus.Results: Sixty full-text documents were reviewed and forty were included. One model for reassessment was identified; however, it has never been put into practice. Eight countries have some evidence of past or current work related to reassessment; seven have shown evidence of continued work in HTR. There is negligible focus on monitoring and implementation.Conclusions: HTR is in its infancy. Although health technology reassessments are being conducted, there is no standardized approach. Future work should focus on developing and piloting a comprehensive methodology for completing HTR.

MAPPING OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN SELECTED COUNTRIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wija Oortwijn ◽  
Pieter Broos ◽  
Hindrik Vondeling ◽  
David Banta ◽  
Lora Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Country Level

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and apply an instrument to map the level of health technology assessment (HTA) development at country level in selected countries. We examined middle-income countries (Argentina, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, and Russia) and countries well-known for their comprehensive HTA programs (Australia, Canada, and United Kingdom).Methods: A review of relevant key documents regarding the HTA process was performed to develop the instrument which was then reviewed by selected HTAi members and revised. We identified and collected relevant information to map the level of HTA in the selected countries. This was supplemented by information from a structured survey among HTA experts in the selected countries (response rate: 65/385).Results: Mapping of HTA in a country can be done by focusing on the level of institutionalization and the HTA process (identification, priority setting, assessment, appraisal, reporting, dissemination, and implementation in policy and practice). Although HTA is most advanced in industrialized countries, there is a growing community in middle-income countries that uses HTA. For example, Brazil is rapidly developing effective HTA programs. India and Russia are at the very beginning of introducing HTA. The other middle-income countries show intermediate levels of HTA development compared with the reference countries.Conclusions: This study presents a set of indicators for documenting the current level and trends in HTA at country level. The findings can be used as a baseline measurement for future monitoring and evaluation. This will allow a variety of stakeholders to assess the development of HTA in their country, help inform strategies, and justify expenditure for HTA.

scholarly journals Developing a How-to-Guide for Health Technology Reassessment: "The HTR Playbook"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley J.J. Soril ◽  
Adam G. Elshaug ◽  
Rosmin Esmail ◽  
Kalipso Chalkidou ◽  
Mohamed Gad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Meta Review ◽  
The Right ◽  
Health Technology Reassessment

Background: To develop a knowledge translation (KT) tool that will provide guidance to stakeholders actively planning or considering implementation of a health technology reassessment (HTR) initiative. Methods: The KT tool is an international and collaborative endeavour between HTR researchers in Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Evidence from a meta-review of documented international HTR experiences and approaches provided the conceptual framing for the KT tool. The purpose, audience, format, and overall scope and content of the tool were established through iterative discussions and consensus. An initial version of the KT tool was beta-tested with an international community of relevant stakeholders (i.e., potential users) at the Health Technology Assessment International 2018 annual meeting. Results: An open access workbook, referred to as the HTR playbook, was developed. As a KT tool, the HTR playbook is intended to simplify the complex HTR planning process by navigating users step-by-step through 6 strategic domains: characteristics of the candidate health technology (The Stats and Projections), stakeholders to engage (The Team), potential facilitators and/or barriers within the policy context (The Playing Field), strategic use of different levers and tools (The Offensive Plays), unintended consequences (The Defensive Plays), and metrics and methods for monitoring and evaluation (Winning the Game). Conclusion: The HTR playbook is intended to enhance a user’s ability to successfully complete a HTR by helping them systematically consider the different elements and approaches to achieve the right care for the patient population in question.

scholarly journals An Integrated Framework to Measure the Performance of Inter-Organizational Programme on Health Technology Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3873
Author(s):  
Milena Vainieri ◽  
Francesca Ferrè ◽  
Stefania Manetti
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Integrated Framework ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Context Specific

Combining insights from collaborative governance, performance management, and health technology assessment (HTA) literature, this study develops an integrated framework to systematically measure and monitor the performance of HTA network programmes. This framework is validated throughout an action research carried out in the Italian HTA network programme for medical devices. We found that when building up collaborative performance management systems, some elements such as the participation in the design and the use of context specific performance assessment framework, facilitate their acceptance by managers and policy makers especially in high professionalized and sector-specific organizations because it reflects their distinctive language and culture. The hybrid framework may help health authorities and policymakers to understand the HTA network, monitor its performance, and ensure network sustainability over time.

scholarly journals Eliminating Neglected Tropical Diseases in Urban Areas: A Review of Challenges, Strategies and Research Directions for Successful Mass Drug Administration

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alayne Adams ◽  
Myriam Vuckovic ◽  
Eleanor Birch ◽  
Tara Brant ◽  
Stephanie Bialek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Context Specific

Since 1950, the global urban population grew from 746 million to almost 4 billion and is expected to reach 6.4 billion by mid-century. Almost 90% of this increase will take place in Asia and Africa and disproportionately in urban slums. In this context, concerns about the amplification of several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are warranted and efforts towards achieving effective mass drug administration (MDA) coverage become even more important. This narrative review considers the published literature on MDA implementation for specific NTDs and in-country experiences under the ENVISION and END in Africa projects to surface features of urban settings that challenge delivery strategies known to work in rural areas. Discussed under the thematics of governance, population heterogeneity, mobility and community trust in MDA, these features include weak public health infrastructure and programs, challenges related to engaging diverse and dynamic populations and the limited accessibility of certain urban settings such as slums. Although the core components of MDA programs for NTDs in urban settings are similar to those in rural areas, their delivery may need adjustment. Effective coverage of MDA in diverse urban populations can be supported by tailored approaches informed by mapping studies, research that identifies context-specific methods to increase MDA coverage and rigorous monitoring and evaluation.

scholarly journals Mycotoxin Contamination of Beverages Obtained from Tropical Crops

Beverages ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Granados-Chinchilla ◽  
Mauricio Redondo-Solano ◽  
Daniela Jaikel-Víquez
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
Methodological Approaches

This review is mainly centered on beverages obtained from tropical crops, including tea, nut milk, coffee, cocoa, and those prepared from fruits. After considering the epidemiological data found on the matrices above, the focus was given to recent methodological approaches to assess the most relevant mycotoxins. Aspects such as singularities among the mycotoxin and the beverage in which their were found, and the economic effects and repercussions that the mycotoxin-tainted ingredients have on the beverage industry were pointed out. Finally, the burden of their consumption through beverages, including risk and health effects on humans, was addressed as well.

Developments of Renewable Energy

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-217
Author(s):  
Olusoyi Richard Ashaye ◽  
Husam Helmi Alharahsheh ◽  
Abraham Pius
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Evaluation Policies

The chapter is exploring and investigating key definitions and principles of renewable energy highlighting key distinctions between sustainable energy source and renewables, key associated theories of renewable energy such as diffusion theory, and drivers and barriers to renewable energy good practice guidelines. Furthermore, the chapter would focus on strategy, priority and monitoring, and evaluation policies to further provide clarity on how renewable energy is being implemented in practice. The chapter also discusses key dynamic aspects of deployment to further enable success of renewable energy adoption. The chapter is based on reviewing the published literature in the field, as well as other related publications such as professional reports to enhance relatedness to recent updates in policy and practice. The chapter provides key findings and recommendations on the role renewables play in dealing with climate change both in interim and long run, influences on policies, and incentives that would shape its deployment.

Managing non-family talent: Evidence from German-speaking regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Harsch ◽  
Marion Festing
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Context Specific

Family businesses dominate the corporate world but there is much we don’t know about them. Managing non-family talent is one under-researched area which we explore here, using a context-specific analysis on multiple levels, including qualitative data from interviews with family business owners and non-family talents in strategic family business positions in Germany, Austria and German-speaking Switzerland. Based on stewardship theory and our empirical results, we suggest a framework that explains the particular facets of talent management in this context, characterised by the emotional attachment of the family and involvement in the business. Our findings show that primarily the values and attitudes of families shape the specific family business talent management approach, which is embedded in the particularities of the family business culture at the meso level and in region-specific macro-level factors.

scholarly journals Food and Nutrition Policies in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1733-1733
Author(s):  
Ana Kriselda Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
General Outcome ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Philippine Government

Abstract Objectives The objective of ths study is to identify and assess food and nutrition-related policies in the Philippines. It also aimed to identify gaps in the implementation of the identified policies. Methods To identify nutrition policies, two online public search engines were used – Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines and The LAWPHiL Project of the Arellano Law Foundation. Manual searching through the websites initially garnered 31 policies relating to food and nutrition. Excluded from the list are those which are primarily agriculture or industry in content. The remaining policies focused on nutrition promotion and enhancement of service delivery to improve nutrition outcomes. Results The Philippine government through its designate nutrition agencies have been responsive to the health needs of its people. Some policies have been lobbied for longer periods than others; while some which have already been enacted into national laws lacked updating. Common challenges to implementation are lack of monitoring and evaluation tools and resources, and lack of community awareness. Conclusions The general outcome of policy implementation is affected by political will on the local administrative level; thereby resulting to inconsistent action plans at the grassroots. Funding Sources N/A.

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