Quality assurance in clinical biochemistry

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Callum G. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Clinical Biochemistry ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Numerical Result ◽  
Biochemistry Test

SynopsisThere are many steps in the process between the clinician requesting a clinical biochemistry test and receiving a numerical result. Each of these steps must be subject to quality assurance techniques. Clinical biochemistry laboratories now have mature, integrated systems of internal quality control, external quality assessment and quality assurance to ensure that the results issued do aid in the provision of optimum patient care. The recent advent of a professionally led laboratory accreditation scheme will stimulate further improvements in quality. Enthusiastic adoption of the techniques of quality management science, in the form of total quality management systems, will focus future attention on laboratories providing services to the standards dictated by consumers. Translation of these standards into objective operational specifications will then allow laboratories to adopt appropriate comprehensive quality assurance techniques which will guarantee the quality demanded.

Quality assurance in laboratory haematology

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 283-310
Author(s):  
S. M. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
External Quality ◽  
External Quality Assessment Scheme

SynopsisQuality assurance in laboratory haematology includes (a) constant checking of test reliability by internal quality control, (b) external quality assessment by an independent agency to check performance of a number of laboratories at intervals in order to obtain a retrospective indication of their ability and (c) proficiency control by supervision of the pre-test and post-test phases of laboratory work, from specimen collection to delivery of the report to the clinician.The procedures which comprise quality control are described; these include use of control preparations with control charts, CUSUM analysis, constancy of daily means of the blood count indices of ‘absolute values’, duplicate testing, clinical correlation and the important role of the blood film to check the instrument-derived blood count measurements.A description of the functions of an external quality assessment scheme is based on the UK National Scheme (UK NEQAS). The blood count and other tests of general haematology have been used as models to describe the procedures for qualitative and quantitative tests, low results are analysed and performance is assessed. The tribulations and triumphs of NEQAS are described and it is concluded that NEQAS has a vital role in ensuring good laboratory practice in general, and the reliability of the individual laboratories who participate in the scheme. NEQAS, in turn, must ensure its own ability to provide stable materials which are suitable for each test in the programme, and to analyse data correctly. There is also need to take account of the continued expansion of laboratory services as new techniques are introduced and to develop appropriate EQA procedures and materials in order to incorporate these in a comprehensive scheme.

scholarly journals Conceptual Framework and Development of Quality Management for Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Khairul Azan ◽  
Kemas Imron Rosadi ◽  
Muntholib Muntholib
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Quality Assurance System ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Quality Culture ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Internal Quality Assurance

Quality is a determining indicator of the existence of Islamic higher education institutions in the future. Higher education with quality will be in demand by the community. Therefore, quality must be a priority indicator in the implementation of Islamic-based higher education. In order for the quality to continue to increase, universities should implement the concept of Total Quality Management (TQM) in all areas of university administration. Integrated quality management requires the existence of an Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI) which aims to ensure the implementation of ducation according to standards. In order for the Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI) to run well, it is necessary to have a quality culture that is well understood and implemented by stakeholders. The quality culture contains several aspects, namely: 1) focus on customers, 2) obsession with quality, 3) scientific approach, 4) long-term commitment, 5) teamwork, 6) continuous improvement of the system, 7) education and training, 8) controlled freedom, 9) respect for everyone, 10) unity of purpose, 11) involvement and empowerment of employees. Efforts that can be made in developing and maintaining the quality of Islamic higher education include: 1) Strategic Plan as a basis for implementing education, 2) building a higher education brand image, 3) consistency in implementing the internal quality assurance system.

scholarly journals External Quality Assessment Practices in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory: What is the need?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
A. Niraula ◽  
M. Bataju
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Clinical Biochemistry ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Laboratory Accreditation ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Assessment Program

Health Care services is considered as an amalgamation between the doctor undergoing the examination and laboratory personnel behind the proper diagnosis of the patient. It has evolved to a large extent from a simple process of examination to handling the prescription to the patient. During this evolution, there has been a remarkable development in the field of laboratory diagnosis. A good laboratory is abided by the rule of quality services including quality control; both internal and external. External quality assessment program contributes to the long term accuracy of the analytical method used by the laboratory. It determines the number of quality element of the practicing laboratory and helps in the upliftment of the status of the laboratory to laboratory accreditation and certification. This review article is intended to review the importance of the external quality assessment program over internal quality control, its need in the laboratory and the current practices in external quality assessment. Medline search was done for the articles published in English language from 1945 to 2018. Keywords employed to search the articles were external quality assessment, EQA programs, quality assurance, and quality control in clinical biochemistry, respectively. We searched for any articles with the details of external quality assessment tools that were original articles, review, editorial and the official website of the EQAS program. The unavailable articles were searched through research gate and the authors were requested for full text. A total of 5 full text original research article were found and rest of the articles like review article, editorial, national policy were studied in detail. Standard textbooks for clinical chemistry and chapters for EQA under quality assurance was reread in detail. Studies and policy makers have depicted that External Quality Assessment scheme (EQAS) as an integral component for the efficient and high quality laboratory operation. The western countries haizve their own laboratory accreditation body which conducts the EQAS program and offers participation to other clinical laboratories. Countries in South East Asia have shown to be burgeoning in the field of EQA program with establishment of their own laboratory accreditation bodies and incorporating the non-accredited laboratories in EQA programs.

External Quality Assessment in the Quality Management of POCT

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Richardson ◽  
Jane Gun-Munro ◽  
Astrid Petersons ◽  
Sharon Webb
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
External Quality

Combi scheme: new combined internal/external quality-assessment scheme in The Netherlands

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Steigstra ◽  
Rob T Jansen ◽  
Henk Baadenhuijsen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
External Quality

Abstract The Dutch Foundation for Quality Assessment in Clinical Chemistry (SKZL) is the professional organization that conducts external quality-assessment schemes in The Netherlands. However, such schemes in fact assess the performance of the internal quality-control systems of the participating laboratories. In this paper we describe a new concept, relating the data for internal control materials with those for external samples and thereby leading to a combined external/internal scheme (Combi). The statistical principles underlying the Combi scheme are discussed and examples of the graphical presentation of the results are shown. Because the laboratory data are transmitted over the public telephone system to the computers of the SKZL, we also describe the principles of the data communication. At two-month intervals a statistical presentation is sent to all participants. The central database is updated daily with the received results, making possible an on-line consultation regarding the statistics of the accumulated findings of the control materials in use.

External quality assessment in clinical biochemistry laboratories: pilot study in 11 laboratories of Lomé (Togo)

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Kafui Kouassi ◽  
Lochina Fétéké ◽  
Selom Assignon ◽  
Ameyo Dorkenoo ◽  
Gado Napo-Koura
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Clinical Biochemistry ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
External Quality

scholarly journals Quality management in higher education sphere: methodological aspect

Osvitolohiya ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Batechko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Higher Education Quality ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Education Quality Assurance

In the article the problem of education quality management was considered in the context of general scientific methodology. The modern tendencies of implementation of higher education quality and quality management in particular, were highlighted. It is shown that the practice of implementation of quality management systems, such as the Total Quality Management, positively affects the organizational, market and financial strategies for the formation of long-term competitive advantages in higher education sphere. The modern interpretation of the essence and basic principles of education quality management was revealed. The methodological substantiation of the phenomenon of education quality management in the context of general scientific approaches was carried out: systemic, synergistic and acmeological. Such an approach makes it possible to substantiate the quality management as a complex, open system characterized by nonlinearity of transformations, allows to predict its development, proceeding from the development of each individual to the whole system as a whole. It is proved that methodological substantiation of quality management on the basis of general scientific approaches can become the foundation on the basis of which the national system of education quality assurance will develop its own model, inherent only to it, taking into account the system of public administration in the field of Ukraine’s higher education, educational policy, academic traditions.

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