PRINCIPLE B, VP ELLIPSIS, AND INTERPRETATION IN CHILD GRAMMAR.Rosalind Thornton and Kenneth Wexler. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999. Pp. x + 241. $35.00 cloth.

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
Naomi Bolotin
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Binding Theory ◽  
Syntactic Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vp Ellipsis ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge

Over the past 15 years, a number of acquisition studies have found that young children allow pronouns to take an antecedent within their clause, in violation of Principle B of the binding theory. Thus, unlike adults, they allow him to refer to Nathan in the sentence Nathan praised him. Thornton and Wexler present results of a new experiment testing knowledge of binding within VP ellipsis structures of the form Nathan praised him, and Albert did too. Whereas adults do not allow the pronouns in each conjunct to have different antecedents, some children do. Based on their findings, Thornton and Wexler propose that children's syntactic knowledge is intact (and hence Principle B is being observed) but their pragmatic knowledge is incomplete.

scholarly journals Young children's selective trust in informants

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1567) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Harris ◽  
Kathleen H. Corriveau
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Selective Trust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Conception

Young children readily act on information from adults, setting aside their own prior convictions and even continuing to trust informants who make claims that are manifestly false. Such credulity is consistent with a long-standing philosophical and scientific conception of young children as prone to indiscriminate trust. Against this conception, we argue that children trust some informants more than others. In particular, they use two major heuristics. First, they keep track of the history of potential informants. Faced with conflicting claims, they endorse claims made by someone who has provided reliable care or reliable information in the past. Second, they monitor the cultural standing of potential informants. Faced with conflicting claims, children endorse claims made by someone who belongs to a consensus and whose behaviour abides by, rather than deviating from, the norms of their group. The first heuristic is likely to promote receptivity to information offered by familiar caregivers, whereas the second heuristic is likely to promote a broader receptivity to informants from the same culture.

Nonossifying fibroma. Four cases and review of the literature

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Glockenberg ◽  
E Sobel ◽  
JF Noël
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonossifying Fibroma ◽  
Metaphyseal Region

Nonossifying fibroma is a benign, lytic lesion that occurs in young children and adolescents. Radiographically, the lesion is multilocular and sharply demarcated. It often occurs at the metaphyseal region of long bones of the lower extremity and is usually eccentrically located. Four cases of nonossifying fibroma occurring during the past 7 years are presented with a review of the literature.

Tablets Versus Suspensions of Anticonvulsants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-907
Author(s):  
J. C. Lagos
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Past

In the past 2 months we have seen five young children with signs and symptoms of dilantin intoxication manifested in the form of ataxia, nystagmus, and drowsiness. The intoxication in all cases was iatrogenic and resulted from the use of the suspension form of the drug. In one case it was due to a mistake on the part of the mother (teaspoons were given instead of milliliters). After reduction of the dosage of dilantin on its withdrawal and replacement by another anticonvulsant, all signs and symptoms disappeared in 24-78 hours.

Household Bird Ownership is Associated with Respiratory Illness among Young Children in Urban Bangladesh (CHoBI7 Program)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Parvin ◽  
Elizabeth D. Thomas ◽  
Kelly Endres ◽  
Daniel Leung ◽  
Bhuyian Sazzadul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Past ◽  
Difficulty Breathing

There is limited evidence on the association between animal ownership and respiratory illness among young children in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, we examined the association between animal ownership and respiratory illness among children younger than 5 years of age enrolled in a prospective cohort study in urban Bangladesh. This prospective cohort study enrolled 884 participants younger than 5 years of age in Dhaka, Bangladesh. At baseline, trained research assistants administered caregivers of children younger than 5 years of age a questionnaire on household animal ownership. Animal ownership was defined as owning chickens, birds other than chickens, cats, and dogs. Respiratory surveillance was conducted monthly for children based on caregiver-reported coughing, rapid breathing, and difficult breathing in the past 2 weeks during the 12-month study period. At baseline, 48% of children (424 of 884) had reports of coughing, 5% (40 of 884) had difficulty breathing, 3% (25 of 884) had rapid breathing, and 49% (431 of 884) had reports of any of these three respiratory symptoms. Seventeen percent of children (151 of 884) resided in a household that owned an animal. Children residing in households reporting bird ownership had a significantly greater odds of coughing (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.28) and any of the three respiratory symptoms in the past 2 weeks (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.28). Household bird ownership was associated with respiratory illness in young children. These findings suggest that interventions aiming at reducing young children’s exposure to domestic animals should extend to include birds other than chickens.

scholarly journals Impact of Social Distancing and Travel Restrictions on Non–Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Non–COVID-19) Respiratory Hospital Admissions in Young Children in Rural Alaska

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha D Nolen ◽  
Sara Seeman ◽  
Dana Bruden ◽  
Joe Klejka ◽  
Chris Desnoyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Secondary Benefits ◽  
Rural Alaska ◽  
Travel Restrictions

Abstract Hospitalizations due to non-coronavirus disease 2019 (non-COVID-19) respiratory illnesses decreased dramatically after social distancing was implemented in a high-risk population in rural Alaska; an unprecedented decline compared to the past 10 respiratory seasons. This demonstrates the potential secondary benefits of implementing social distancing and travel restrictions on respiratory illnesses.

Young children: the visibility paradox

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Corinne May-Chahal ◽  
Emma Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Image Databases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
The Subject

This chapter reviews what is known about child sexual abuse media, with a particular focus on the abuse of young children (those under the age of 10). Young children are seldom the subject of research on sexual violence, yet the online-facilitated sexual abuse of these children is known to exist. In the past, child sexual abuse has been described as a hidden phenomenon that is made visible through a child's disclosure or evidence in and on their bodies. Online child sexual victimisation (OCSV) experienced by young children is still hidden in this traditional sense but at the same time highly visible through images that are both detached from the child yet traumatically attached through their creation and continued circulation throughout childhood. Indeed, most of what can be known about OCSV and younger children is through analyses of images harvested online and analyses of law enforcement and non-governmental organisation (NGO) image databases. These sources suggest that OCSV involving young children is different from that experienced by those who are older. It more often involves parents, carers, and family members; it is legally and developmentally impossible for children to consent to it; and images and videos of the abuse are more likely to be trafficked.

scholarly journals Teaching English to Young Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Ganga Ram Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
The Past

In the context of Nepal, teachers often prefer to teach at the higher level. In my professional career, I have met very few people who really enjoy teaching at the preprimary or primary level. According to them, teaching young children is very challenging and managing learning at that level is very difficult. My experience is different. I have taught the young children for some time in the past and I enjoyed it very much. Children bring a lot of energy and enthusiasm and if a teacher can make use of that energy in creating learning atmosphere in class, both the children and teacher enjoy being in the pre-primary and primary classes. This article presents some observations and activities to encourage teachers to teach English at the pre/primary level and make English teaching a fun experience. Journal of NELTA Surkhet Vol.4 2014: 26-33

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