scholarly journals Unique contribution of shared book reading on adult-child language interaction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lucy F. CLEMENS ◽  
Cornelia A. T. KEGEL
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Child Play ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Toy Play ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Book Sharing

Abstract Researchers agree that early literacy activities, like book sharing and parent-child play, are important for stimulating language development. We hypothesize that book sharing is most powerful because it elicits more interactive talk in young children than other activities. Parents of 43 infants (9–18 months) made two daylong audio recordings using the LENA system. We compared a typical day, with spontaneous occurring activities, with an instructed day when caregivers were prompted to do book reading and toy play. Book sharing resulted in a combination of more parent talk, child talk, and interactions than other language activities. Research context did not influence outcomes: no differences were found in language use between the spontaneous and the instructed activities. Overall it seems clear that even with infants shared reading is a strong unique stimulator of language use from parent and child.

Context effects on young children’s language use: The influence of conversational setting and partner

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Contextual Variable ◽  
Toy Play ◽  
Play Interaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Older Siblings ◽  
Older Sibling

This article reports on two studies investigating the effect of contextual variables on young children’s language use in conversation. In Study 1, 20 children between age 1;5 and 2;2 were recorded in conversation with their mothers in three settings: mealtime, toy play, and book reading. In Study 2, 16 children between age 1;9 and 3;0 were recorded in dyadic toy play interaction with three different conversational partners: a 5-year-old older sibling, an 8-year-old older sibling, and their mother. Both studies found effects of the contextual variable on children’s vocabulary use and discourse cohesion.The children used a richer vocabulary and produced more topic-continuing contributions in book reading than in other contexts, and they used a richer vocabulary and produced more responses to questions in conversation with their mothers than in conversation with their older siblings. Despite mean effects of context, there was cross-context stability in the individual differences among children.

scholarly journals Low-income fathers’ speech to toddlers during book reading versus toy play

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGINIA C. SALO ◽  
MEREDITH L. ROWE ◽  
KATHRYN A. LEECH ◽  
NATASHA J. CABRERA
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
Toy Play ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance

AbstractFathers’ child-directed speech across two contexts was examined. Father–child dyads from sixty-nine low-income families were videotaped interacting during book reading and toy play when children were 2;0. Fathers used more diverse vocabulary and asked more questions during book reading while their mean length of utterance was longer during toy play. Variation in these specific characteristics of fathers’ speech that differed across contexts was also positively associated with child vocabulary skill measured on the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory. Results are discussed in terms of how different contexts elicit specific qualities of child-directed speech that may promote language use and development.

scholarly journals Turkish Fathers' Language Use In The Context Of Toy Play

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozge Cengiz ◽  
Hamide Cakir
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Bloom's Taxonomy ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Bloom’S Taxonomy ◽  
Toy Play ◽  
Parent Child

Parent-child interactions and the characteristics of child-directed language have been related to children’s linguistic development. Studies on parent-child interactions have generally focused on mothers. There has been very little research on the language used by fathers in interactions with their children. This study addresses this gap by investigating the properties of Turkish paternal language use including their use of question types within the framework of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Domain; that is, we try to explore to what extent fathers' language use differentiates depending on their socioeconomic status in terms of Bloom’s Taxonomy, thus which fathers help their children gain higher thinking skills before entering school. Bloom’s Taxonomy which is a model of classifying thinking according to six cognitive levels of complexity (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, create) is hierarchical; in that, each level is subsumed by the higher levels. In this cross-sectional study, high and low socioeconomic status (SES) fathers were taped in their homes with their preschoolers in the context of toy play. The results showed that both group of fathers produced the most utterances at the remember level. Both groups produced no utterance at the analyze level, and low SES fathers produced no utterance at the apply and create levels. High SES fathers asked open ended question at all levels except the analyze level, while low SES fathers asked open ended questions only at the remember and understand levels.

The Relationship Between Middle-Class Parents’ Book-Sharing Discussion and Their Preschoolers’ Abstract Language Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1261-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne van Kleeck ◽  
Ronald B. Gillam ◽  
Lori Hamilton ◽  
Cassandra McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Preschool Language ◽  
Abstract Language ◽  
Language Abstraction ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Book Sharing

Thirty-five mothers and fathers were videotaped in their homes as they read a familiar and unfamiliar book to their preschoolers aged between 3;6 and 4;1. Parental discussions about the text were coded for four levels of abstraction and correlated with children’s gains one year later on a formal test of the same four levels of language abstraction (the Preschool Language Assessment Instrument). Parental input at three of the four levels of abstraction was positively and significantly correlated with their children’s gains at the highest level of abstraction. This was also the level at which children’s scores were the lowest initially and showed the greatest gains. The results suggest that discussions during book reading with preschoolers may be a positive influence, since it was parents’ amount of input at lower as well as higher levels of abstraction that correlated with the children’s development of more abstract language. We speculate that more input at lower levels might enhance learning by creating a climate of success in allowing children to display mastered skills, whereas more input at higher levels might enhance learning by challenging children with abstract language skills they are just beginning to acquire. In contrast to previous research, these results suggest that there is a great deal of variability in middle-class families in the amount of input that children receive at various level of abstractions during book sharing.

scholarly journals Digital or Print? A Comparison of Preschoolers’ Comprehension, Vocabulary, and Engagement From a Print Book and an e-Book

AERA Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 233285841987838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Reich ◽  
Joanna C. Yau ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Tallin Muskat ◽  
Jessica Uvalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Story Comprehension ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Literacy Experiences ◽  
Electronic Reading ◽  
Print Books ◽  
Print Book ◽  
Print Reading

Increasingly, children are engaging in early literacy experiences through digital devices. This raises questions about how electronic reading compares to print reading. To assess this, we randomly assigned 200 children (3–5 years) to be read the same book (1) with auto-narration on a tablet or 2) by a researcher from a print book. Reading was recorded and coded for behavioral and emotional engagement and vocalizations. Children were also tested on their story comprehension and vocabulary. Children had slightly higher posttest scores in the print condition. Older children and females also scored higher. There was an interaction between weekly tablet use and book platform. Children were equally engaged with the e-book and print book, but vocalized more about the device in the e-book condition. Findings suggest that e-books offer many of the same, but not all, of the educational affordance as print books. Additionally, novelty might be important in supporting comprehension.

High Quality Early Literacy Programs

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Arthur ◽  
Laurie Makin
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
New South ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Literacy Learning ◽  
Literacy Programs ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Literacy Experiences ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Children's Home ◽  
Before School

There is an increasing recognition of the importance of literacy learning in the years before school. Key principles of high quality literacy programs for young children have been developed as the result of a recent study of 79 preschool and long day care centres in New South Wales. These principles include communicating with families about literacy, building on children's home experiences, planning to support individual literacy needs, integrating literacy experiences across the curriculum, and adult—child interactions that scaffold literacy understandings.

Cultural variation in young children’s access to work or involvement in specialised child-focused activities

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda A. Morelli ◽  
Barbara Rogoff ◽  
Cathy Angelillo
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
European American ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Opportunities To Learn ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Child Play ◽  
San Pedro

Ethnographic literature indicates that in many cultural communities around the world, children have extensive opportunities to learn through observing and participating in their community’s work and other mature activities. We argue that in communities in which children are often segregated from adult work (as in middle-class European American communities), young children instead are often involved in specialised child-focused activities such as lessons, adult–child play (and scholastic play), and conversation with adults on child-related topics. We examine this argument with systematic time-sampled observations of the extent of 2- to 3-year-old children’s access to adult work compared to their involvement in specialised child-focused activities. Observations focused on 12 children in each of four communities: two middle-class European American communities (West Newton, Massachusetts and Sugarhouse, Utah), Efe foragers of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and indigenous Maya of San Pedro, Guatemala. West Newton and Sugarhouse children had less frequent access to work and were involved more often in specialised child-focused activities than Efe and San Pedro children. The results support the idea that the middle-class European American children’s frequent involvement in specialised child-focused activities may relate to their more limited opportunities to learn through observing work activities of their communities. It may be less necessary for the Efe and San Pedro children to be involved in specialised child-focused activities to prepare them for involvement in mature community practices, because they are already a regular part of them.

Parent-Child Joint Book Reading

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan N. Kaderavek ◽  
Elizabeth Sulzby
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Emergent Literacy ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Storybook Reading ◽  
Joint Book Reading ◽  
Early Literacy Development ◽  
Elementary Years ◽  
Parent Child

Research suggests that storybook reading facilitates language development and plays an important role in preparing children for success in school. Children who have early language delays are at risk for reading difficulties in the elementary years. Consequently, speech-language pathologists may want to incorporate one important aspect of early literacy development —parent-child storybook reading—into their remedial programs for some young children with language impairment. This article presents the Kaderavek-Sulzby Bookreading Observational Protocol (KSBOP) as a tool to organize parent-child storybook observations. To facilitate use of this protocol, the authors present the following: (a) background information on the research project from which the KSBOP was developed, (b) foundation knowledge about pertinent emergent literacy theory, and (c) a method for observing parent-child reading interactions with examples of how the protocol was used with a child who was language delayed. An annotated appendix is included.

scholarly journals Identifying partially schematic units in the code-mixing of an English and German speaking child

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Endesfelder Quick ◽  
Elena Lieven ◽  
Malinda Carpenter ◽  
Michael Tomasello
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
German Speaking

Abstract Intra-sentential code-mixing presents a number of puzzles for theories of bilingualism. In this paper, we examine the code-mixed English-German utterances of a young English-German-Spanish trilingual child between 1;10 – 3;1, using both an extensive diary kept by the mother and audio recordings. We address the interplay between lexical and syntactic aspects of language use outlined in the usage-based approach (e.g. Tomasello, 2003). The data suggest that partially schematic constructions play an important role in the code-mixing of this child. In addition, we find, first, that the code-mixing was not mainly the result of lexical gaps. Second, there was more mixing of German function words than content words. Third, code-mixed utterances often consisted of the use of a partially schematic construction with the open slot filled by material from the other language. These results raise a number of important issues for all theoretical approaches to code mixing, which we discuss.

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