Evaluation of swede varieties with high, medium and low dry matter content in finishing systems for crossbred lambs from hill ewes

Author(s):  
J.E. Vipond ◽  
M.E. King ◽  
G.Z. Wetherill

The first objective of this trial was to evaluate swedes of different dry matter content developed by the Scottish Crop Research Institute in particular to determine whether dry matter content and related hardness were appropriate for the grazing situation. The second objective was to study the performance of Highland Mule wether lambs (Bluefaced Leicester x Blackface) (BFLX) compared to Suffolk x Blackface (SX) and Cheviot (C) wether lambs. The Highland Mule wether lamb is a by-product in the production of Highland Mule ewe lambs for breeding and the specific interest was in whether there was any deleterious effect on finishing performance associated with the Bluefaced Leicester sire.Representative lambs of the genotypes involved were purchased in September and run on grass and stubbles until the start of the swede feeding period (2 November) with the aim of maintaining liveweight. Liveweight was 33, 33 and 36 kg for BFLX, S and C respectively on 2 November. Adjacent plots of the swede varieties Dryden (D), Melfort (M) and Doon Major (DO) were grown in one field (two replicates) and 33 lambs of each genotype grouped and allocated to each variety.

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Judge ◽  
N. L. Firth ◽  
H. R. Johnson ◽  
W. V. Kessler ◽  
R. B. Harrington ◽  
...  

SUMMARYThe effects of several dietary regimens on the fat-free mass and the dry-matter, ash and potassium-40 content of selected bovine muscles were estimated. Muscle data from 104 half-sib Angus steers were secured at several stages of growth and after several feeding regimens. The results indicated that a hay diet, by comparison to a higher energy silage diet in the early feeding period (216–340 kg live weight), suppressed the fat-free weight, reduced the dry-matter content and increased the ash content of several muscles. These effects of early diet were reversed, however, when the animals were subsequently fed higher-energy rations and slaughtered at heavier weights (409 and 454 kg live weight). Data on potassium-40 gamma emissions by composite muscle samples confirmed the existence of age- or weight-associated decreases and suggested possible dietary influences on potassium levels in bovine muscles. The trends in these data indicated that low dietary energy (hay feeding) in the early feeding period delayed the decline in muscle potassium that normally accompanies maturation.


1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Morgan ◽  
J. B. Owen

SUMMARYLambs weaned from the ewe at 2 days of age were fed ad libitum or restricted in each of three periods of growth to a slaughter weight of 35 kg according to a factorial design. Restriction in the milk-feeding period was achieved by reducing the milk allowance (6·4 kg v. 13·6 kg of milk replacer) and after weaning, by restricting the daily allowance of feed.Restriction of the milk allowance reduced early growth but the effect was partly offset by the higher concentrate consumption of restricted lambs. There was also a tendency for lambs restricted in the milk period to eat more and grow faster when subsequently fed ad libitum. Performance after 15 kg on a diet containing no protein of animal origin was poor and the level of restriction was severe. Overall growth and efficiency from 15 to 35 kg were considerably reduced by any degree of restriction. However, there was no evidence that restriction in the middle period of growth had any effect on the performance of lambs fed ad libitum in the final period. Although carcass weight was not affected by treatment at any stage, restriction in the milk-feeding period and feeding ad libitum from 15 to 25 kg resulted in a greater weight of head, liver, heart and lungs (weighed together). Chemical analysis of the whole minced carcass showed that restriction of milk intake had a significant effect in reducing the carcass dry-matter content. There was also a trend towards a higher energy and fat content of the dry matter. Restriction in the final period increased the protein content of the carcass.


2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.


2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Е.В. Янченко

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r­=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.


2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Dao-Bin TANG ◽  
Jian-Gang AN ◽  
Yi DING ◽  
Hui BAI ◽  
Kai ZHANG ◽  
...  

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