Correlation between Hardness and Dry-matter Content of Storage Root in Sweetpotato[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Dao-Bin TANG ◽  
Jian-Gang AN ◽  
Yi DING ◽  
Hui BAI ◽  
Kai ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root

scholarly journals Quality characterization, phenolic and carotenoid content of new orange, cream and yellow-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Lucimeire Pilon ◽  
Jaqueline S Guedes ◽  
Bruna S Bitencourt ◽  
Raphael Augusto de C Melo ◽  
Larissa PC Vendrame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

ABSTRACT Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is a root crop grown in many countries. This tuberous root is a source of energy, nutrients, and phytochemicals. In this study, bioactive compounds and physical and physicochemical qualities of sweetpotato genotypes were evaluated. Eight new genotypes of sweetpotato produced by Embrapa Hortaliças (orange-fleshed: MD09026-OF and MD09024-OF; cream-fleshed: MD09011-CF, MD09004-CF, MD10039-CF, and MD10004-CF; yellow-fleshed: MD09017-YF and MD12002-YF) and two cultivars used as controls (Beauregard and Brazlândia Roxa) were evaluated for color, soluble solids, dry matter, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids and β-carotene. Hue angles differed even between those sweetpotatoes with the same flesh color. The orange-fleshed genotypes MD09024-OF, MD09026-OF, and Beauregard, had the lowest L*, showing to be darker than the others. These sweetpotatoes also had the brightest flesh colors with higher C*. The orange-fleshed genotypes MD09026-OF and MD09024-OF were sweeter (10.55oBrix and 9.23oBrix) than Beauregard (5.12oBrix). Brazlândia Roxa had the highest dry matter content (38.05%), followed by the genotypes MD10004-CF, MD09017-YF, MD09026-OF MD10039-CF, and MD09011-CF, which showed similarity, ranging from 32.33% to 29.12%. The highest contents of total carotenoids were found for the orange-fleshed genotypes MD09026-OF (80.06 mg g-1) and MD09024-OF (70.56 mg g-1) and Beauregard (73.12 mg g-1). These same genotypes showed the highest total phenolic compounds (0.815 mg g-1 and 0.686 mg g-1, respectively). MD09026-OF showed the highest content of β-carotene (46.47 mg g-1). MD09026-OF was the most prominent genotype among those evaluated, as it showed the highest total carotenoid, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, and soluble solids content, in addition to a high dry matter content.

scholarly journals Cassava shrunken-2 homolog MeAPL3 determines storage root starch and dry matter content and modulates storage root postharvest physiological deterioration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Beyene ◽  
Raj Deepika Chauhan ◽  
Jackson Gehan ◽  
Dimuth Siritunga ◽  
Nigel Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Leaf Phenotype ◽  
Root Starch ◽  
Postharvest Physiological Deterioration

Abstract Key message Among the five cassava isoforms (MeAPL1–MeAPL5), MeAPL3 is responsible for determining storage root starch content. Degree of storage root postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) is directly correlated with starch content. Abstract AGPase is heterotetramer composed of two small and two large subunits each coded by small gene families in higher plants. Studies in cassava (Manihot esculenta) identified and characterized five isoforms of Manihot esculenta ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (MeAPL1–MeAPL5) and employed virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) to show that MeAPL3 is the key isoform responsible for starch and dry matter accumulation in cassava storage roots. Silencing of MeAPL3 in cassava through stable transgenic lines resulted in plants displaying significant reduction in storage root starch and dry matter content (DMC) and induced a distinct phenotype associated with increased petiole/stem angle, resulting in a droopy leaf phenotype. Plants with reduced starch and DMC also displayed significantly reduced or no postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) compared to controls and lines with high DMC and starch content. This provides strong evidence for direct relationships between starch/dry matter content and its role in PPD and canopy architecture traits in cassava.

scholarly journals Temperature Effect on Skin Adhesion, Cell Wall Enzyme Activity, Lignin Content, Anthocyanins, Growth Parameters, and Periderm Histochemistry of Sweetpotato

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia E. Villavicencio ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
G. Craig Yencho ◽  
Judith F. Thomas ◽  
C. David Raper
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Skin Loss

Sweetpotatoes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] often experience significant epidermal loss during harvest and postharvest handling. Skin loss causes weight loss, shriveling of the root surface, and increased susceptibility to pathogen attack as well as poor appearance. It is not known if sweetpotatoes show variation in skin adhesion, cell wall enzyme activity and components, and growth parameters with growth temperature or if skin loss can be explained on the basis of variation among these variables. Skin adhesion, polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME) activity, lignin, anthocyanin, and dry matter content were measured in the periderm of ‘Beauregard’ roots grown at various temperatures under controlled conditions. Biomass dry matter content, storage root yield, root length, diameter, and weight at harvest were recorded. Histochemical and anatomical characteristics of periderm of roots were studied. Growth temperature affected skin adhesion, PG and PME activity, periderm and biomass dry matter content, yield, storage root weight, and diameter. High temperatures (34/31 °C day/night) yielded roots that were smaller and more resistant to skin loss. These roots had a periderm composed of more cell layers with a lower dry matter content than roots grown at lower and intermediate temperatures (27/24 °C and 20/17 °C). In cured roots, the correlation between skin adhesion and PG activity was negative (r = 0.544, P = 0.0006) and positive between skin adhesion and PME (r = 0.319, P = 0.05). For most of the variables studied, the interaction between growing temperature and curing was significant. Curing improved skin adhesion, but the effect of curing was dependent on the root growth temperature. The periderm of roots grown at higher temperatures was thicker and had more layers than that of roots grown at lower temperatures. Histochemical studies of the periderm of sweetpotato showed that the anatomical and structural composition of the cell walls differ depending on growth temperature.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis of Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] Genotypes for Combined Beta Carotene and Dry Matter Content in Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Afolabi ◽  
O. B. Bello ◽  
G. O. Agbowuro ◽  
C. O. Aremu ◽  
M. O. Akoroda
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Β Carotene

Roots of orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties currently available in Nigeria contain high quantities of β-carotene or pro-vitamin A but have high moisture content. These varieties have been found to be a cheap and crucially important remedy for vitamin A deficiency. The cream or white-fleshed varieties, on the other hand, have a sweet taste with high dry matter content, giving a dry texture, a quality trait preferred in Nigeria. Development of sweet potato genotypes that can combine these two important quality traits is the objective of this breeding work. A diallel experiment using six parental sweet potato genotypes crossed in all possible combinations were carried out and thirty progenies were evaluated for beta carotene (β-carotene) and dry matter content in Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. The 30 F1 progenies along with their parental lines were planted in the same field trial. The trial was laid out in 6 x 6 triple lattice in two replications. Highly significant (P≤ 0.01) differences were observed among the genotypes for the traits. The average β-carotene content among the progenies was 2.86 (mg/100g.f.w) while the dry matter cttgontent had a mean value of 31.89%. The cross progenies 199024.2 x Excel had the highest beta carotene (14.37mg/100g.f.w) content with the highest dry matter content (40.10%) and are therefore recommended for further evaluation.

scholarly journals Combining Ability of Sweetpotato Germplasm for Yield, Dry Matter Content, and Anthocyanin Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Todd ◽  
Van-Den Truong ◽  
Kenneth V. Pecota ◽  
G. Craig Yencho
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Anthocyanin Production

Interest in the potential of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) for the production of industrial products is increasing. As part of an effort to evaluate the potential of sweetpotatoes for starch and anthocyanin production in the southeastern United States, a 5 × 5 North Carolina mating design II (NCII mating design) was developed to estimate the relative importance of general and specific combining abilities for dry matter (DM) content, total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) concentration, fresh yield, and total DM and anthocyanin yields. All five traits had significant general combining abilities (GCA). Yield and DM yield had significant specific combining abilities. Significant differences among parents were observed for all traits. Yield, DM content, DM yield, and TMA yield were significantly impacted by spatial gradients within the field, but TMA concentration was not. Many trait-pairs of interest had either genotypic and/or phenotypic correlations. Phenotypic and family mean correlations among yield, DM content, and DM yield; as well as among yield, TMA, and TMA yield suggested that improving one trait will not negatively impact other traits of importance.

scholarly journals Breeding farmer and consumer preferred sweetpotatoes using accelerated breeding scheme and mother–baby trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-557
Author(s):  
Ernest Baafi ◽  
Mavis Akom ◽  
Adelaide Agyeman ◽  
Cynthia Darko ◽  
Ted Carey
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Superior Genotypes

AbstractIncreased sweetpotato utilization has become an important breeding objective recently, with much emphasis on the development of non-sweet sweetpotatoes for income and food security in Ghana. The objective of this study was to evaluate 26 elite non-sweet and less sweet sweetpotato genotypes with regard to their release as commercial varieties using mother–baby trial. The 26 sweetpotato genotypes were tested multilocational on-farm across five ecozones from 2016 to 2017. These genotypes were selected from accelerated breeding scheme carried out from 2010 to 2013. There were no year-by-ecozone-by-genotype and year-by-ecozone interactions. However, ecozone-by-genotype interaction was significant for storage root dry matter, beta-carotene, iron and zinc content. This implies that the relative performance of the genotypes for storage root yield was stable across locations and years. Genotypic differences were found for all the traits and indicated that selection of superior genotypes across ecozone was possible. Storage root yield ranged from 7 t/ha to 39 t/ha, while dry matter content ranged from 34% to 46%. The storage root cooking quality preference was comparable with farmers’ check. Ten superior genotypes were identified for release as commercial varieties based on their staple-preferred taste, higher storage root yield, higher dry matter content, earliness, resistance to the sweetpotato virus, sweetpotato weevil and Alcidodes.

scholarly journals Enhancing cassava reproductive development does not negatively impact shoot to root ratio and dry matter content in storage roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwasanya Deborah ◽  
Setter Tim
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
And Storage

AbstractFrom previous studies we developed treatments that significantly improved cassava female flower and fruit development, using a combination of the anti-ethylene, silver thiosulfate (STS), and the cytokinin, benzyladenine (BA); collectively referred to as plant growth regulators (PGR). In this study, we investigated whether the benefit derived from this treatment altered partitioning of photosynthate to other sinks and general vegetative growth of cassava in the first six months of plants growth, when reproductive growth initiates and peaks. Our flower enhancing treatment did not significantly alter shoot and storage root fresh weight, partitioning index on a fresh weight basis and percent dry matter content of storage roots between Months 2 and 5. With the onset of the dry season in Month 6, PGR treated plants had higher shoot and storage root fresh weight than controls but these plant parts responded proportionally and so partitioning index between controls and treated plants was not significantly different. The nighttime starch export under PGR treatments was reduced at Months 2, 4 and 5 but this was not correlated with flower development at these months. The survival of PGR treated plants until harvest was however reduced owing to increased mortality arising from phytotoxicity and increased susceptibility to disease. We therefore conclude that PGRs have effects more directly on flower and fruit reproductive signaling and regulatory pathways rather than on an indirect effect on resource partitioning.

scholarly journals Comparison of methods for phenotypic stability analysis of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes for yield and storage root dry matter content

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Edvaldo Sagrilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Phenotypic Stability ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

The objective of this work was to compare different phenotypic stability methods by using yield and storage root dry matter content data of eight cassava genotypes, assessed in eight environments in northwest of Paraná State, Brazil. All the methodologies applied showed to be able to study the stability of cassava genotypes, but each with its peculiarities. The methodologies of Eskridge, Annicchiarico and Lin and Binns were the most appropriated on situation with smaller effect of G x E interaction. The AMMI analysis and the Toler and Burrows methodology were the most specific on detailing specific adaptations of cassava genotypes to favorable and unfavorable environments. It could be suggested to use simultaneous AMMI analysis and Toler and Burrows methodology. The clone IAC 190-89 was the most promising.

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