Predicted responses to selection from indices including feeding pattern traits of pigs as selection criteria.

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
A.D. Hall ◽  
W.G. Hill ◽  
P.R. Bampton ◽  
A.J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pattern Information

The introduction of electronic feeders has allowed accurate measures of individual feed intake in a group housing system, similar to that in the production environment. These feeders also provide other feeding pattern information, such as how many meals are taken each day and how big they are, which could be of use to further improve the accuracy of selection for feed conversion ratio and growth traits. The main aims of this study were to predict the increase in genetic gain achieved by including feed intake and feeding pattern traits as selection criteria.

Predicted responses to selection from indices including feeding pattern traits of pigs as selection criteria.

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
A.D. Hall ◽  
W.G. Hill ◽  
P.R. Bampton ◽  
A.J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Pattern Information

The introduction of electronic feeders has allowed accurate measures of individual feed intake in a group housing system, similar to that in the production environment. These feeders also provide other feeding pattern information, such as how many meals are taken each day and how big they are, which could be of use to further improve the accuracy of selection for feed conversion ratio and growth traits. The main aims of this study were to predict the increase in genetic gain achieved by including feed intake and feeding pattern traits as selection criteria.

Genetic parameter estimates for feeding pattern and production traits in pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
A.D. Hall ◽  
W.G. Hill ◽  
P.R. Bampton ◽  
A.J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Potential Benefits

Until recently, to enable accurate recording of feed intake, pigs were kept in individual pens. The advent of electronic feeders has allowed accurate records of feed intake and feeding patterns in group housing which is more similar to that found in the production environment. The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for these feeding pattern traits and their correlations with production traits to show potential benefits in selection.

How does pregnancy and lactation affect efficiency of female mice divergently selected for post-weaning net feed intake?

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Hughes ◽  
W. S. Pitchford
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Significant Line ◽  
Postnatal Stage ◽  
Peak Lactation ◽  
Improve Production Efficiency

Females from lines of mice divergently selected for post-weaning net feed intake maintained significant line differences in daily feed intake (0.8 g/day difference, 22%) and net feed intake (± 0.35 g/day respectively) both before and during pregnancy. Dam/litter units converged completely for daily feed intake immediately in the postnatal stage, during a period of negative energy balance when feed intake and rate of gain were both maximised. Feed intake net of that required for growth and maintenance of liveweight was effectively zero for both lines during this 2-week period. The lines re-diverged in late-lactation. Variance for all traits increased substantially over the 11�weeks of the experiment.In an extensive production environment, where peak lactation generally coincides with abundant pasture supply, this short convergence would have little impact on overall production efficiency. Consequently, selection for post-weaning net feed intake based on growth/weight components remains a potential means to improve production efficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth Traits and Tibiae Health in Sexed Indigenous Turkeys with Different Feather Colours Under Deep Litter and Outdoor Run Houses

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Kamorudeen SAFIYU ◽  
Olajide SOGUNLE ◽  
Lawrence EGBEYALE ◽  
Taofik SHITTU ◽  
Olusola ODUTAYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Ash Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
P Matrix ◽  
Tibia Length

The study consisted of 400 sexed turkeys, grouped on the basis of 2 distinct feather colours (white and black) into deep litter and outdoor, respectively. Day-old poults were brooded for 4 weeks and acclimatized in both houses for 2 weeks before the commencement of the study that lasted for 10 weeks. At the end of the trial, 2 birds per replicate were sacrificed and left tibiae were removed for morphometric and mineral analyses. Data were arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial layout and subjected to Analysis of Variance in a Completely Randomized Design. Results showed water intake and water: feed were significantly (p<0.05) higher in turkeys reared on deep litter. Also, male turkeys recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher weight gain, feed and water intakes, and better feed conversion ratio than female turkeys. Tibia length and ash weight were significantly (p<0.05) greater in turkeys reared in deep litter than turkeys in outdoor. Tibiae phosphorus was significantly influenced by interactions of sex by feather colour as well as housing system by sex by feather colour. Therefore, female turkeys with either white or black feathers could be reared in outdoor-run for strong tibiae with predominant bone mineral (Ca and P) matrix.

Residual feed intake-An emerging system for selection of efficient animals: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Kushwaha ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
M. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Current State ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Available Information

Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measure of feed efficiency, and is defined as the difference between an animal’s actual feed intake and its expected feed intake based on its size and growth. It is independent of the level of production, and the lower the value the more efficient the animal is. This paper examines the current state of knowledge on RFI. Available information indicates that postweaning RFI is moderately heritable, and that selection for low RFI will result in progeny that consume less feed for the same level of production as progeny of high RFI cattle. Under ad libitum feeding, RFI is phenotypically independent of growth traits. There is a weak genetic relationship between RFI and fatness but additional studies are needed to assess the magnitude of this relationship in different breeds, sexes, ages and feeding regimes. Residual feed intake is believed to represent inherent variation in basic metabolic processes which determine efficiency. Economic analyses of genetic improvement schemes that incorporate testing of individuals for RFI have yielded substantial economic benefits over and above existing schemes that do not include RFI testing. Selection for low RFI has an additional benefit of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by cattle.

scholarly journals Genetic improvement of feed conversion ratio via indirect selection against lipid deposition in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 1656-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kause ◽  
Anders Kiessling ◽  
Samuel A. M. Martin ◽  
Dominic Houlihan ◽  
Kari Ruohonen
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
Selection For

AbstractIn farmed fish, selective breeding for feed conversion ratio (FCR) may be possible via indirectly selecting for easily-measured indicator traits correlated with FCR. We tested the hypothesis that rainbow trout with low lipid% have genetically better FCR, and that lipid% may be genetically related to retention efficiency of macronutrients, making lipid% a useful indicator trait. A quantitative genetic analysis was used to quantify the benefit of replacing feed intake in a selection index with one of three lipid traits: body lipid%, muscle lipid% or viscera% weight of total body weight (reflecting visceral lipid). The index theory calculations showed that simultaneous selection for weight gain and against feed intake (direct selection to improve FCR) increased the expected genetic response in FCR by 1·50-fold compared with the sole selection for growth. Replacing feed intake in the selection index with body lipid%, muscle lipid% or viscera% increased genetic response in FCR by 1·29-, 1·49- and 1·02-fold, respectively, compared with the sole selection for growth. Consequently, indirect selection for weight gain and against muscle lipid% was almost as effective as direct selection for FCR. Fish with genetically low body and muscle lipid% were more efficient in turning ingested protein into protein weight gain. Both physiological and genetic mechanisms promote the hypothesis that low-lipid% fish are more efficient. These results highlight that in breeding programmes of rainbow trout, control of lipid deposition improves not only FCR but also protein-retention efficiency. This improves resource efficiency of aquaculture and reduces nutrient load to the environment.

scholarly journals Effect of chicken genotype on growth performance and feed consumption in the development of broiler lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. A. Amusan ◽  
C. O. N. Ikeobi ◽  
A. O. Adebambo ◽  
B. O. Agaviezor ◽  
M. Wheto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency

This experiment was conducted to assess the effect of chicken genotype on the growth performance, feed intake and feed efficiency of the progenies resulting from pure, straight and reciprocal cross of Giriraja (Gr) and Alpha chickens. Data obtained on body weight, body length, breast girth, keel length, feed intake and feed efficiency were analyzed using general linear models analysis of variance. Generally, all growth traits and feed consumption characteristics were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by chicken genotype. Growth traits and feed intake increased as birds advanced in age. Giriraja X Giriraja purebred chickens had the highest body weight, breast girth, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency through out the experimental period. However, the progenies resulting from the reciprocal crosses of Alpha X Gr had significant higher body weight and keel. Also, the feed conversion efficiency of the reciprocal crosses were better than the dihybrid cross progenies. The results therefore suggest that the superiority exhibited by the Giriraja could be utilized to improve the growth performance of the indigenous chicken thereby speed up desirable progress in the improvement of the indigenous broiler line.

scholarly journals Effect of genotype and sex on growth traits, feed utilization and survivability in Nigerian local and Nicholas white exotic turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
F. E. Sola-Ojo ◽  
K. L. Ayorinde ◽  
T. R. Fayeye ◽  
I. A. Ahutu ◽  
A. R. Obadare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Body

Two hundred (200) Nigerian local and Nicholas white (NW) exotic poults (hundred for each breed) were observed from day old to fifteen week for growth traits {Body Weight (BW) and linear body measurements; Body Length (BL), Body Girth (BG), Shank Length (SL) Shank Diameter (SD), Thigh Length (TL), Wing length (WL)], survivability and feed utilization potential (feed intake and feed conversion ratio). There was a significant (p<0.05) genotype effect on BW throughout the experimental period, BW ranged from 120.41±3.12 to 2764.00±32.10g and 142.29±2.94 to 4601.00±41.45g in Nigerian local and NW exotic turkey respectively. Sex effect and interaction between genotypes and sex (GxS) on bodyweight were significant (p<0.05) between weeks 7 to 15. Genotypes, sex and GxS effects were also significant (p<0.05) on linear body parameters measured at different ages. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio for the two genotypes were significantly (p<0.05) different. The NW exotic consumed more feed than the local turkey (14.29 to 250.31g vs. 13.27 to 200.47g) from week 1 to 15. The Nigerian local poults significantly (p<0.04) had better feed conversion ratio (FCR) from week 1 to 7 (0.17 to 0.21) than the NW exotic (0.20 to 0.23). However, as the poults grow older (from week 8 to 15), the NW exotic had better FCR (0.24 to 0.31) compared to the Nigerian local (0.27 to 0.38). Mortality rate was higher in the NW exotic (25%) than the Nigerian local turkey during the study period. This research showed significant genotype, sex and GxS interaction effects on growth traits of turkey. It showed that the NW exotic poults consumed more feed and gained more weight than the Nigerian local from week 1 to 15, had better feed conversion ratio and poorer survivability at older ages (weeks 8 to 15). The Nigerian local consumed smaller quantity of feed and had better FCR at poults stage (weeks 1 to 7). The Nigerian local turkey had better survivability rate throughout the experimental period and can be selected for an improved body weight and better feed utilization at early stage of life.

scholarly journals Effect of genotype and sex on growth traits, feed utilization and survivability in Nigerian local and Nicholas white exotic turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
F. E Sola-Ojo ◽  
K. L Ayorinde ◽  
T. R Fayeye ◽  
I. A Ahutu ◽  
A. R. Obadare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Body

Two hundred (200) Nigerian local and Nicholas white (NW) exotic poults (hundred for each breed) were observed from day old to fifteen week for growth traits [Body Weight (BW) and linear body measurements; Body Length (BL), Body Girth (BG), Shank Length (SL) Shank Diameter (SD), Thigh Length (TL), Wing length (WL)], survivability and feed utilization potential (feed intake and feed conversion ratio). There was a significant (p<0.05) genotype effect on BW throughout the experimental period, BW ranged from 120.41± 3.12 to 2764.00±32.10g and 142.29±2.94 to 4601.00±41.45g in Nigerian local and NW exotic turkey respectively. Sex effect and interaction between genotypes and sex (GxS) on bodyweight were significant (p<0.05) between weeks 7 to 15. Genotypes, sex and GxS effects were also significant (p<0.05) on linear body parameters measured at different ages. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio for the two genotypes were significantly (p<0.05) different. The NW exotic consumed more feed than the local turkey (14.29 to 250.31g vs. 13.27 to 200.47g) from week 1 to 15. The Nigerian local poults significantly (p<0.04) had better feed conversion ratio (FCR) from week 1 to 7 (0.17 to 0.21) than the NW exotic (0.20 to 0.23). However, as the poults grow older (from week 8 to 15), the NW exotic had better FCR (0.24 to 0.31) compared to the Nigerian local (0.27 to 0.38).Mortality rate was higher in the NW exotic (25%) than the Nigerian local turkey during the study period. This research showed significant genotype, sex and GxS interaction effects on growth traits of turkey. It showed that the NW exotic poults consumed more feed and gained more weight than the Nigerian local from week 1 to 15, had better feed conversion ratio and poorer survivability at older ages (weeks 8 to 15). The Nigerian local consumed smaller quantity of feed and had better FCR at poults stage (weeks 1 to 7). The Nigerian local turkey had better survivability rate throughout the experimental period and can be selected for an improved body weight and better feed utilization at early stage of life.

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